芬兰奥托昆普公司铅闪速熔炼

芬兰奥托昆普公司闪速熔炼技术1949年首先运用于熔炼铜精矿,1959年又运用于哈里雅伐尔塔镍冶炼厂。该公司早在60年代首先考虑将此法用于熔炼铅精矿,并在当时进行了某些试验,然而该公司没有生产足够的铅精矿来证明建设铅冶炼厂是合算的。因此这一方法就被搁置起来。     

Faraday rotation data analysis with least-squares elliptical fitting

A method of analyzing Faraday rotation data from pulsed magnetic field measurements is described. The method uses direct least-squares elliptical fitting to measured data. The least-squares fit conic parameters are used to rotate, translate, and rescale the measured data. Interpretation of the transformed data provides improved accuracy and time-resolution characteristics compared with many existing methods of analyzing Faraday rotation data. The method is especially useful when linear birefringence is present at the input or output of the sensing medium, or when the relative angle of the polarizers used in analysis is not aligned with precision; under these circumstances the method is shown to return the analytically correct input signal. The method may be pertinent to other applications where analysis of Lissajous figures is required, such as the velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) diagnostics. The entire algorithm is fully automated and requires no user interaction. An example of algorithm execution is shown, using data from a fiber-based Faraday rotation sensor on a capacitive discharge experiment.     

学习的起点—日本的幼儿园设计

无差别空间 在这个幼儿园里,同伴之间没有任何的差别。无论是好还是坏,建筑尽端的房间往往都不可避免地与其他房间分隔开来,但是在这个幼儿园建筑中,没有隐藏的空间。园长办公室位于入口大厅一侧的角落里,园长也是警卫。在过去几年学校发生的问题,包括欺凌弱小,都是在一些隐蔽房间发生的。     

在超高精度电压基准中利用滤波器降低I/f噪声

本文在分析了电压基准中 I／f噪声特点的基础上,提出了滤除此噪声的滤波器设计方案,此方案可满足超高精度的应用要求。     

优雅起伏的空间整合（优秀奖）

我们的设计显示了计算机辅助设计和参数化研究如何在规划过程中引导识别性、协同性和可持续性的发展。我们的规划非常关注景观和地面组织,设计有一个各种集群活动的总体分配方式,这种方式同等地回应了周边环境和预期经济协作活动。我们的设计启示来源于场地景观及延庆的创新工业的雄心。在规划过程中．我们组织了密切合作的专家团队．集合了建筑、景观和技术工程的共同智慧．以达到上述这些原则。     

Perceptually lossless medical image coding

A novel perceptually lossless coder is presented for the compression of medical images. Built on the JPEG 2000 coding framework, the heart of the proposed coder is a visual pruning function, embedded with an advanced human vision model to identify and to remove visually insignificant/irrelevant information. The proposed coder offers the advantages of simplicity and modularity with bit-stream compliance. Current results have shown superior compression ratio gains over that of its information lossless counterparts without any visible distortion. In addition, a case study consisting of 31 medical experts has shown that no perceivable difference of statistical significance exists between the original images and the images compressed by the proposed coder.     

Brominated and chlorinated dioxins, PCBs and brominated flame retardants in Scottish shellfish: methodology, occurrence and human dietary exposure

The most commonly consumed shellfish species produced in Scotland - mussels, oysters and scallops - were investigated for the occurrence of a range of brominated and chlorinated contaminants in order to establish current levels and estimate human dietary exposure. Flesh from individual sub-samples was representatively pooled and 35 composites were analysed for brominated and chlorinated dioxins (PBDD/Fs, PCDD/Fs), brominated and chlorinated biphenyls (PBBs, PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). The analytical methodology used (13)C(12) labelled surrogates of the target compounds, with GC coupled to (usually) high resolution MS, and LC-MS/MS for HBCD and TBBPA analysis. Positive identifications were made in the majority of samples for most analytes with the exception of TBBPA and most PBDD congeners measured. None of the levels detected for PCDD/F and PCB were above the maximum permitted levels specified in European Union regulations. The levels of brominated furans predominated over brominated dioxins, reflecting the environmental distribution and source emission profiles of these contaminants, and relatively high levels of the tri-brominated congeners were observed. Levels of the flame retardant chemicals reflected current and legacy use, with appreciable concentrations of PBDEs and HBCDs (predominantly alpha-HBCD) but far lower levels of PBBs. TBBPA was not detected in any of the species. In general, mussels and oysters displayed relatively higher levels of contamination than scallops, although the gonad tissue of the latter showed significant levels of brominated dioxins. The estimated adult dietary intakes of PCDD/Fs and PCBs arising from the consumption of a typical portion of these foods in combination with an otherwise average UK diet were in the range 0.5-0.6 pg World Health Organisation (WHO)-toxic equivalent (TEQ)(2005)/kg bodyweight per day. These estimated dietary intakes are well within the Tolerable Daily Intake for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs of 2 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)/kg bodyweight/day endorsed by the independent expert Committee on Toxicology of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment. The corresponding intakes for sumPBDEs and sumHBCDs were 5.6-6.1 and 5.9-7.9 ng/kg bodyweight/day respectively.     

Removing organic compounds from aqueous medium via wet peroxidation by gold catalysts

A new heterogeneous Fenton-like system, consisting of supported Au catalysts and hydrogen peroxide, was proved to be effective in removing low level organic compounds (ca. 100 ppm) such as phenol, ethanol, formaldehyde, and acetone in aqueous solution. Among all gold catalysts the Au/ hydroxyapatite (Au/HAp) exhibits the highest activity, and even better than the conventional iron ions exchanged zeolite (Fe/ ZSM-5) catalyst. In particular, unlike the limited operational pH range (pH: 2 approximately 5) for the other heterogeneous Fenton catalysts such as Fe/ZSM-5, Au/HAp shows higher stability even in strong acid solution (pH approximately 2), due to almost no leaching of active metal from supports into solution. It can be potentially applied in treating the industrial wastewaters with strong acidity and purifying drinking water. In addition, in the case of complete oxidation of phenol, a plausible route was suggested for deep understanding of this process.