内插法在相关干涉仪测向体制中的应用

测向误差的减小一直以来都是无线电测向精度提高的一个难点,对于不同的测向体制所采用的减小测向误差的方法都不尽相同。本文主要介绍的是相关干涉仪测向体制的基本原理以及通过内插法的应用来减小测向误差的方法。     

High‐performance thermosets with tailored properties derived from methacrylated eugenol and epoxy‐based vinyl ester

A renewable chemical, eugenol, is methacrylated to produce methacrylated eugenol (ME) employing the Steglich esterification reaction without any solvent. The resulting ME is used as a low‐viscosity co‐monomer to replace styrene in a commercial epoxy‐based vinyl ester resin (VE). The volatility and viscosity of ME and styrene are compared. The effect of ME loading and temperature on the viscosity of the VE–ME resin is investigated. Moreover, the thermomechanical properties, curing extent and thermal stability of the fully cured VE–ME thermosets are systematically examined. The results indicate that ME is a monomer with low volatility and low viscosity, and therefore the incorporation of ME monomer in VE resins allows significant reduction of viscosity. Moreover, the viscosity of the VE–ME resin can be tailored by adjusting the ME loadings and processing temperature to meet commercial liquid molding technology requirements. The glass transition temperatures of VE–ME thermosets range from 139 to 199 °C. In addition, more than 95% of the monomer is incorporated and fixed in the crosslinked network structure of VE–ME thermosets. Overall, the developed ME monomer exhibits promising potential for replacing styrene as an effective low‐viscosity co‐monomer. The VE–ME resins show great advantages for use in polymer matrices for high‐performance fiber‐reinforced composites. This work is of great significance to the vinyl ester industry by providing detailed experimental support. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

铜基化合物的可见光催化研究进展

与传统贵金属光催化剂相比，铜基光催化剂具有价格低廉、绿色环保、反应条件温和、光催化活性可调节等优势，受到合成化学家们广泛关注。本文简述了铜基催化剂的光催化历史，回顾了近五年来铜基化合物在可见光催化领域的研究成果与进展，总结了铜基催化剂的独立光催化机理与协同光催化机理；简要阐述了铜催化剂在不同类型反应中的应用，重点讨论了铜(Ⅰ)催化剂在烯烃官能化、碳-碳偶联、碳-杂偶联、原位催化等反应中的应用研究，表明铜基化合物在光催化合成领域具有很大的应用潜力。对未来的研究工作进行了展望，指出拓展催化剂的反应适用性、探索催化剂的氧化还原能力、进一步开发催化剂在手性合成中的应用将是该领域的研究重点。     

高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料屏蔽性能和力学性能研究

研究了高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料的屏蔽性能和力学性能，通过屏蔽仿真比较了密度及碳化硼（B4C）含量对屏蔽性能的影响，通过试验比较了B4C含量对屏蔽性能、弯曲强度及冲击强度的影响。仿真结果表明,随聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料密度升高，快中子屏蔽性能下降，热中子屏蔽性能和γ屏蔽性能提高；保持聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料密度不变，随B4C含量的提高，中子屏蔽性能提高而γ屏蔽性能下降;实验数据表明,随B4C含量的升高，高密度聚乙烯/铅硼材料的快中子屏蔽性能、热中子屏蔽性能升高，γ屏蔽系数下降，冲击强度和弯曲强度下降明显，屏蔽性能测试结果和仿真结果规律性相符；综合仿真结果和实验数据表明，含B4C 2 %左右的高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料同时具有较好的屏蔽性能和力学性能。     

Effects of Cooling Rate and Component on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–Zn–Y Alloys

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–6Zn–1Y and Mg–6Zn–3Y(wt%) alloys under different cooling rates were investigated. The results show that the second dendrite arm spacing(SDAS) of Mg–6Zn–1Y and Mg–6Zn–3Y is reduced by 32 and 30% with increasing cooling rates(Rc) from 10.2 to 23 K/s, which can be predicted using a empirical model of SDAS=68 R 0:45:45cand SDAS=73 R 0c, respectively. The compressive strength of both alloys increases with increasing the cooling rate, which is attributed to the increase of volume fraction(Vf) of secondary phases under high cooling rate. The interaction of the cooling rate and component with SDAS has been theoretically analyzed using interdependence theory.     

餐厨污水就地处理与中水回用工艺的探索与实践

以无锡某厂食堂污水处理及中水回用为例,探讨采用"隔油+混凝沉淀+A^2/O+MBR"工艺就地处理餐厨污水,并将出水回用于厂区冲厕可行性。经过78 d的调试,该工艺实现了餐厨污水中污染物的去除,COD小于50mg/L,NH4^+-N质量浓度小于5 mg/L,总氮小于10 mg/L,总磷小于0.5 mg/L,大肠杆菌数小于2个/L,基本满足中水回用要求。经计算吨水处理成本9.83元,含电费、药剂费、人工费、污泥处理费及膜更换费用。结合中水回用节省自来水后计算吨水处理综合成本为5.23元,大幅降低公司对市政供水的依赖,降低公司用水成本。     

Effects of hydrolysis of precursor on the structures and properties of polymer-derived SiBN ceramic fibers

In this paper, polyborosilazane precursor was synthesied from HMDZ, HSiCl₃, BCl₃ and CH₃NH₂ using a multistep method. By controlling the storage conditions, parts of the polyborosilazane fibers were hydrolyzed. FT-IR, NMR, XRD, TEM and monofilament tensile strength test were employed to study the effects of hydrolysis of precursor on the structures and properties of polymer-derived SiBN ceramic fibers. FT-IR and NMR results indicate that Si-N group in PBSZ reacts with H₂O to form Si-O-Si group. After pyrolysis reaction at 1400℃, Si-O-Si group will finally transformed into highly ordered cristobalite and β-quartz, resulting in formation of the wrinkled surface of the obtained SiBN ceramic fiber. The strip-like defects on fiber surface, according to monofilament tensile strength test, had a significant effect on mechanical property of the obtained SiBN ceramic fiber and caused no increase in fiber tensile strength of hydrolytic polyborosilazane fiber before and after pyrolytic process.