高压旋喷锚杆在黄土深基坑支护中的模拟研究

为了研究高压旋喷锚杆支护体系在黄土深基坑工程中的工作性状,选取西安某深基坑支护工程为研究对象,运用MIDAS/GTS软件对该支护体系进行了有限元数值模拟,并与二次注浆锚杆支护体系的模拟结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:两种基坑支护方式均可满足该基坑支护的技术要求,但采用高压旋喷锚杆支护时,需要锚杆的总长度为二次注浆锚杆长度的62%,且高压旋喷锚杆筋体可实现回收,降低了锚杆施工对周围土层的干扰,其在黄土地区高边坡及深基坑支护工程中有着广阔的应用前景。     

板柱与梁板结构受力性能对比研究

以某工程为算例,分别选取合理板柱与梁板结构计算模型,按照相关规范进行大型广场在平时工况与战时工况顶板各构件承载力计算,并对其两种结构型式的受力性能分析对比,以总结出地下人防结构顶板的适用原则,为实际工程设计提供参考依据。     

严寒地区大型倒虹吸工程管道应力及水力安全控制

新疆北疆供水工程跨越吉拉沟大洼槽的三个泉倒虹吸,跨度11 km,内径2.8 m,工作水头160m,是国内外同类工程中综合难度较高的大型倒虹吸工程,在结构强度、材料工艺、安装敷设、工程质量方面都有极高的要求,特别是高水头管道运行、充水、放空、水锤防护等各种工况下的水力安全控制问题,高温差与严寒条件下管道的应力应变问题尤为突出。对该工程设计、科研、施工及运行管理方面的经验进行介绍,对其在新技术、新材料、新工艺等方面取得的理论研究和技术创新成果进行总结,研究认为:工程总体布置合理,工程运行后监测资料及工程安全评价表明各项性状指标良好,通过模型试验研究确定的闸门开度、关闭速率、充水排气、放空排水等水力安全控制关键技术科学合理,为严寒地区大型倒虹吸工程的技术发展提供借鉴。     

基于应变传递率的管道结构损伤识别研究

为了研究海底管道损伤识别的分布式监测方法,在标量传递率概念的基础上提出了应变传递率概念和相应的损伤识别方法来对海底管道进行损伤识别,并通过有限元模型模拟对该方法进行了验证。对管道模型的不同损伤程度进行了分析,对比发现该方法相比加速度传递率和理论传递率对损伤程度更加灵敏。对不同边界条件进行分析,发现该方法对损伤位置的识别不受边界条件的影响。对参考单元的选取进行了验证分析,验证了参考单元应选择远离反弯点的非损伤位置。     

物联网技术在密云水库大坝变形监测系统中的应用

密云水库是首都北京唯一地表饮用水源地。水库大坝已安全运行50余年,大坝变形趋于稳定,2015年密云水库承担了南水北调中线工程调蓄任务,水库大坝将逐步进入高水位运行状态,对于变形以及稳定性的监测需求日益增加,在此背景下,基于物联网技术,采用智能传感器及移动通信技术建立了大坝变形监测自动化系统,本系统利用GPS作为水平位移的监测手段,利用静力水准仪作为垂直位移监测手段,充分发挥了各自的优势,通过数据应用平台集成采集的数据,使变形监测实现实时采集、传输、存储、计算及分析等功能,为及时准确地对大坝安全状况进行评估提供了数据基础,也适应了新工况下对水工监测管理的新要求。     

Stochastically resilient extended Kalman filtering for discrete-time nonlinear systems with sensor failures

Missing sensor data is a common problem, which severely influences the overall performance of modern data-intensive control and computing applications. In order to address this important issue, a novel resilient extended Kalman filter is proposed for discrete-time nonlinear stochastic systems with sensor failures and random observer gain perturbations. The failure mechanisms of multiple sensors are assumed to be independent of each other with different failure rates. The locally unbiased robust minimum mean square filter is designed for state estimation under these conditions. The performance of the proposed estimation method is verified by means of numerical Monte Carlo simulation of two different nonlinear stochastic systems, involving a sinusoidal system and a Lorenz oscillator system.     

N,N-二乙基羟胺对异戊二烯的阻聚作用

采用封管实验比较了对叔丁基邻苯二酚(TBC)、邻硝基苯酚(ONP)和N,N-二乙基羟胺(DEHA)对异戊二烯(Ip)热聚合的阻聚效果,并考察了DEHA对Ip阻聚作用的影响因素。结果表明,DEHA对Ip的阻聚效果优于TBC和ONP;当加入DEHA时,随着反应时间的延长,Ip损失率逐渐增大,10h之前Ip损失率的增加幅度缓慢,10h之后Ip损失率增加幅度迅速;随着反应温度的升高,Ip损失率增加,当温度为80～140℃时,DEHA对Ip均有较好的阻聚作用;随着DEHA含量的增加,Ip损失率先降低后增加,DEHA的最佳质量分数为1000×10-6。     

Robust passive autofocus system for mobile phone camera applications

A robust autofocus system is a ubiquitous function in today’s mobile phone camera applications. However, due to the power consumption and size requirements, it is difficult for the autofocus function to be implemented into the design of mobile phone cameras. This paper presents a passive autofocus system with low computational complexity. This system uses a novel contrast measurement to determine degree of image sharpness, which can better reflect the information about image discontinuities. In order to gauge the performance of this measurement, a modified peak search strategy is used in the experiments. The experimental results from several typical image sequences validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A Non-Line-of-Sight mitigation localization algorithm for sensor networks using clustering analysis

Non-Line-of-Sight propagation of wireless signal has an impact on measured distances in range-based localization and will bias the final localization results. A new localization algorithm is proposed in this paper to mitigate Non-Line-of-Sight errors when there are more than enough anchor nodes deployed around the node to be located. This algorithm utilizes multi-round clustering analysis to filter the pre-located estimators which derive from all possible subsets of measured distances. In each round, the method density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise is adopted. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve localization accuracy not only when the measured distances with Non-Line-of-Sight error are minor but also under the condition that all of them suffer random Non-Line-of-Sight error.     

Acidic and catalytic properties of niobic acid crystallized at low temperature

Niobic acid was crystallized at 120 °C for 48 h, which showed the largest acid amounts at higher acid strengths. The crystallized niobic acid calcined at 300 °C was found to show higher activity than uncrystallized niobic acid and niobic acid washed with water or treated with sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid for the dehydration of isopropanol and the esterification of ethanol with acetic acid.