Quantitative determination of fluorotelomer sulfonates in groundwater by LC MS/MS

Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) are complex mixtures containing fluorocarbon- and hydrocarbon-based surfactants that are used to fight hydrocarbon-fueled fires. The military is the largest consumer of AFFF in the United States, and fire-training activities conducted at military bases have led to groundwater contamination by unspent fuels and AFFF chemicals. A direct-injection, liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) method was developed to quantify a suite of fluorotelomer sulfonate surfactants in groundwater collected from military bases where fire-training activities were conducted. The 4:2, 6:2, and 8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonates were detected and quantified in groundwater from two of the three military bases. The total fluorotelomer sulfonate concentrations observed at Wurtsmith AFB, MI, and Tyndall AFB, FL, ranged respectively from below quantitation (< or = 0.60) to 182 microg/L and from 1100 to 14,600 microg/L. Analyses of a fluorotelomer-based AFFF concentrate by negative ion fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry and LC MS/MS analyses indicate that the AFFF concentrate contains only a small amount of fluorotelomer sulfonates and that fluoroalkylthioamido sulfonates are the main anionic fluorosurfactant in the mixtures. More research is needed to determine the fate of fluoroalkylthioamido sulfonates in the environment.     

Massage and aroma therapy

Massage therapy has been shown to (1) facilitate growth and development; (2) reduce depression and anxiety and related stress hormones; (3) enhance sleep; (4) reduce pain; (5) reduce autoimmune disorders; and (6) enhance immune function. These effects have been noted in samples, for example, of preterm neonates, depressed children and adults, chronic pain conditions such as fibromyalgia and migraines, autoimmune disorders including asthma and diabetes and immune disorders including HIV and Cancer. Potential underlying mechanisms are enhanced parasympathetic activity (increased vagal tone) following massage therapy, decreased stress hormone (cortisol), increased serotonin (body's natural pain killer and antidepressant) and enhanced immune function leading to increased natural killer cell activity (front line of immune system, warding off viral and cancer cells). Aromatherapy has been noted to relax babies and adults and shift their EEG patterns in the direction of a more positive mood and heightened alertness.     

基于EON Studio的柴油机虚拟保养训练系统的研究

以康明斯M11柴油机为研究对象,设计了一种实用的虚拟保养训练系统.通过综合建模方法对M11柴油机进行三维建模及材质编辑,导入到EON Studio虚拟软件中进行日常保养项目的虚拟训练设计,包括机油更换、发电机皮带张紧度检查以及冷却系统清洗等,并实现了柴油机漫游视角观察与结构原理展示.测试表明：该系统能够明确地指导参训人员进行柴油机日常保养项目的训练,具有良好的人机交互性与可操作性.     

Fracture in CVD diamond

The fracture behaviour of thick, textured films of chemical-vapour-deposited diamond is discussed with particular emphasis on the influences asserted by the polycrystalline microstructure. Cracking is investigated on two different scales, firstly where it is large in that it traverses many grains and pertains to the fracture of the bulk. The second is where the fractures are localised, resulting from repeated small particle impacts and the mechanisms of material removal at the grain-size-scale are elucidated. The behaviour at this smaller level can be rationalised in terms intermediate to bulk fracture and that observed in single crystal diamond. The effects of grain size, grain boundaries, crystallographic orientation, twinning, internal stresses and pre-existing flaws are discussed. A new value for the fracture toughness is calculated and the gravimetric erosion rate for different surface orientations measured.     

牛东火山岩油藏注水先导试验

注水开发对于砂岩类油藏是一项成熟的补充能量的开发技术，裂缝对火成岩油藏注水开发效果影响较大，通过注水先导试验，解决牛东区块火成岩注水开发是否可行、注入水推进的方向性及裂缝对注水开发的影响等问题。针对牛东区块储层及开采特征，借鉴国内同类油田注水开发效果，分析牛东区块注水能力，提出建议，指导油田开发。     

靖边气田白云岩储层交联酸酸压技术实践

近年来,针对碳酸盐岩的储层改造,中外已形成了以深度酸压为主体的各种酸压技术,同时还尝试了加砂压裂改造.在分析了酸压和加砂压裂不足的基础上,提出了携砂酸压工艺.在大量室内实验的基础上,对靖边气田纯度较高的白云岩储层进行了交联酸携砂酸压的研究与实践.先后运用该技术施工11井次,成功率达100%,有效率为100%,最大加砂量为25.1 m3,加砂规模接近该地区普通加砂压裂的规模.压裂前每口井均无气产出,而压裂后试气的无阻流量或井口产量为1.031 8×104～37.023 6×104m3/d,返排率均大于79%,与邻近井的其他施工工艺增产效果相比有一定的优越性.     

添加氧化剂对干电池电液净化的功能分析

通过配电液发生的水解现象分析，导出了添加氧化剂后，可使有害的２ 价铁离子浓度迅速下降，从而有利于电液的净化。     

Southwest Oil Field Makes Breakthroughs in Natural Gas Exploration

Three structures in Northeast Sichuan 　　A series of breakthroughs have recently been made in natural gas exploration in the northeastern part of Sichuan basin. Dukouhe Gas Field, Luojiazhai gas-beating structure and Tieshan slope gasbearing structure are proven rich in natural gas resources. The main gas reservoir of those structuresFeixianguan oolitic shoal - is likely to become another largescale gas reservoir in Sichuan basin after Carboniferous.……     

Bond Characterization of Plasma Sprayed Zirconium on Uranium Alloy by Microcantilever Testing

The future production of low enriched uranium nuclear fuel for test reactors requires a well-adhered diffusion barrier coating of zirconium (Zr) on the uranium/molybdenum (U-Mo) alloy fuel. In this study, the interfacial bond between plasma sprayed Zr coatings and U-Mo fuel was characterized by microcantilever beam testing. Test results revealed the effect of specific flaws such as cracks and pores on the bonding of interfaces with a sampling area of approximately 20 μm². TEM examination showed the Zr/U-Mo interface to contain rows of very fine grains (5-30 nm) with the Zr in contact with UO₂. Bond characteristics of plasma sprayed samples were measured that are similar to those of roll bonded samples showing the potential for plasma sprayed Zr coatings to have high bond strength.