验收规范若干问题的讨论 《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB50204-2002)讲座(六)

本文归纳了规范公布以来所提出的一些共性问题,从规范执行的角度加以解释,可供有关施工质量验收人员参考。     

文25东复杂断块油藏剩余油分布研究

通过影响剩余油的地质因素分析和油藏数值模拟，查明了文25东复杂断块油藏剩余油分布规律，认为注采井网不完善区、物性相对较差的油层分布区、层位及储层层内的非均质性造成的水动力滞留区及构造高部位和局部断层影响的水动力滞留区均是剩余油分布有利区，在此基础上．制定了相应的挖潜措施，取得了明显的效果。     

单壁纳米碳管/纳米铝基复合材料的增强效果

用半连续氢电弧法和活性氢等离子蒸发法分别制备出单壁纳米碳管(SWNTs)和纳米A1粉体，然后用提纯后的SWNTs和纳米A1粉体制备出SWNTs含量(质量分数)分别为0、2．5％、5．0％、7．5％和10.0％的单壁纳米碳管／纳米铝基块体复合材料．SWNTs对高强度纳米A1基体具有显著的增强作用，当SWNTs含量小于5．0％时，材料的硬度随着SWNTs含量的提高线性上升．其中5％SWNTs和纳米A1的复合增强效果最好，其硬度可达2.89GPa，大约是粗晶A1(0．15GPa)的20倍．当SWNTs含量超过5．0％时，增强效果开始缓慢的下降．讨论了单壁纳米碳管增强纳米铝基复合材料的强化机制．     

大规格圆钢质量分析和控制

针对湘钢棒材厂生产大规格圆钢出现的表面质量问题，重点介绍了在成品轧机后采用U形辊道和立活套替换棍道；冷床输入辊道采用镶WT合金套；增设高压水除鳞装置；中间轧件尺寸精度控制等措施，成功的解决了大规格圆钢表面擦伤、“麻面”、尺寸超差等表面质量问题，产品质量显著提高。     

Ti-45Al-10Nb合金的高温氧化行为

研究了Ti—45A1—10Nb(原子分数，％)合金在800-960℃在氧气和空气中的氧化行为．结果表明，该合金具有较好的高温抗氧化性能，其氧化增重速率与铁基耐热不锈钢相似或略优．与Ti—50A1合金相反，Ti-45A1-10Nb合金在空气中的氧化增重速率明显低于在纯氧中的氧化增重速率．X射线衍射与能谱分析表明，Ti-45Al一10Nb合金在氧气中的氧化产物主要有TiO2和Al2O3，但在空气中的氧化产物中有TiN相．这是降低氧化速率的主要原因，同时，合金元素Nb稳定了氧化层中的TiN相，因而提高了合金在空气中的抗氧化性能．     

高入纤功率光纤通信系统的可靠性研究

掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)和拉曼放大器(FRA)的使用,使得光纤通信系统中的入纤功率有了很大的提高.较高的入纤功率不仅会在光纤中引起各种非线性效应,对光脉冲的传输产生影响,也会对光纤本身的可靠性产生影响,为此介绍了高入纤功率对光纤系统的影响,分析了其产生的机理,并提出了应对措施.     

高吸水性树脂吸水率测定条件的研究

通过自然过滤法在不同条件下测定了淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水性树脂的吸水率，实验给出了该方法测定吸水率的最佳条件，即：滤袋网孔尺寸为0.180～0．280mm，树脂质量约0．3g，加水量约500mL，吸水时间≥2h，沥水时间≥50min。     

Sol-gel Preparation and Preliminary in vitro Evaluation of Fluorapatite／Hydroxyapatite Solid Solution Films

Fluorapatite/hydroxyapatite solid solution has better biological properties than other apatites, especially used as films or coatings. In this work, sol-gel preparation and in vitro behavior of fluorapatite/hydroxyapatite solid solution films on titanium alloy were investigated. Ca(NO3)2-4H20 and PO(OH)x(OEt)3-x were selected as precursors, and hexafluorophosphoric acid (HPFo) was used as a fluorine containing reagent. The Ca and P precursors were mixed with HPFo to keep the Ca/P molar ratio 1.67. The mixtures refluxed for 12 h were used as dipping sols for the preparation of the films. The phase of the films obtained at 600℃ was apatite. The F contents in the films increased with the concentrations of HPF6 in the dipping sols. The solid solution films were shown to have better stability than hydroxyapatite films, and a reasonably good bioactivity in the in vitro evaluation.     

锌(Ⅱ)-氨基酸配合物分子内配体间疏水作用

应用 p H电位滴定法研究了配合物 Zn( Aa) 2 [Aa-=L- val(缬氨酸根 ) ,L- phe(苯丙氨酸根 ) ,L- trp(色氨酸根 ) ,L- tyr(酪氨酸根 ) ]在水和 2 0 %、40 %及 60 %二氧六环 /水溶液中的稳定性 [t=2 5℃ ,c=0 .1 mol/L Na Cl O4]。配合物 Zn( Aa) 2 相对于母体配合物 Zn( Aa) + 稳定性用Δlog K=log KZn( Aa)Zn( Aa) 2 - log KZn Zn( Aa) 表示。结果表明 :与 L-丙氨酸 ( L- ala)配合物 Zn( L- ala) 2 相比 ,所有这些氨基酸配合物 Zn( Aa) 2 均具有相对较大的 Δlog K值 ,表明这些配合物分子内存在着额外的稳定化作用。这种稳定性化作用可能主要归因于配合物分子内氨基酸侧链之间的疏水作用 ,并且这种作用随着氨基酸侧链结构及溶剂极性变化而变化     

Research and application of automatic control system of argon blowing at ladle shroud

Argon blowing at the ladle shroud requires the best flow control strategy to effectively avoid the secondary oxidation of molten steel, slag entrapment and heat loss during the casting of the tundish, and at the same time, give full play to the role of bubbles to remove inclusions. Therefore, an automatic control system for argon blowing at the ladle shroud was proposed. The data collected by S7-300PLC and software programming were used to adjust the argon blowing flow online in real time according to factors such as pouring and continuous pouring. On this basis, PID control algorithm and closed loop control mechanism were used for real time adjustment. The flow control valve ensures theminimum deviation between the actual value of the flow and the set value. The production data of this system in the first quarter of 2021 in a special steel plant show that the proportion of furnaces with an acid soluble aluminum (Als) loss percentage of less than 10% of each steel grade has increased by 5.52%, and the proportion of furnaces with an Als loss percentage of more than 60% has increased from 1% decrease to 0. The actual application results show that the use of the system improves the surface quality of the continuous casting slab and the performance of the final product.