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61.
James Caffrey Conor Power 《电子设计技术》2005,12(8):15-15
传统的高精密电容检测和阻抗检测应用需要将一套收集的分立器件巧妙的组合起来以提供完整的测量解决方案。这种方法不仅在器件选择方面十分耗时,并且由于各个应用之间即使有很小的差异,也需要做大量设计验证、评估、优化和鉴定。 相似文献
62.
Anirban Chakraborty James C. Earthman 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1997,28(4):979-989
Finite element simulations of the high-temperature behavior of single-phase γ, dual-phase α2+γ, and fully lamellar (FL) α2+γTiAl intermetallic alloy microstructures have been performed. Nonlinear viscous primary creep deformation is modeled in
each phase based on published creep data. Models were also developed that incorporate grain boundary and lath boundary sliding
in addition to the dislocation creep flow within each phase. Overall strain rates are compared to gain an understanding of
the relative influence each of these localized deformation mechanisms has on the creep strength of the microstructures considered.
Facet stress enhancement factors were also determined for the transverse grain facets in each model to examine the relative
susceptibility to creep damage. The results indicate that a mechanism for unrestricted sliding of γ lath boundaries theorized
by Hazzledine and co-workers leads to unrealistically high strain rates. However, the results also suggest that the greater
creep strength observed experimentally for the lamellar microstructure is primarily due to inhibited former grain boundary
sliding (GBS) in this microstructure compared to relatively unimpeded GBS in the equiaxed microstructures. The serrated nature
of the former grain boundaries generally observed for lamellar TiAl alloys is consistent with this finding. 相似文献
63.
O Hanisch CA Cortella MM Boskovic RA James J Slots UM Wikesj? 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,68(1):59-66
Factor V Leiden mutation was initially detected in thrombophilic patients and relatives by PCR RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) according to Bertina (1). This technique presents some drawbacks and the current trend is to simplify the diagnosis. We describe a technique of Allele Specific Amplification (ASA) which is optimized in terms of reliability: an additional mismatch in antepenultimate position enables to obtain the same specificity as PCR RFLP. Furthermore, coamplification of internal control warrants an optimal sensitivity. All the PCR have been simplified: the DNA extraction improvement allows to analyse the genotype with only a few microliters of whole blood whatever the anticoagulant and the procedure of preservation (freezing, dried blood spots, storage at +4 degrees C for several days). This technique saves time. Moreover, full automation of the ASA technique may be shortened thanks to the lack of extraction and the positive/negative reading of the PCR signal. 相似文献
64.
65.
DI Rodenhiser JD Andrews DN Mancini JH Jung SM Singh 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,373(2):185-195
Glutamatergic synaptic potentials induced by micromolar concentrations of the potassium conductance blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) were recorded intracellularly from rat neostriatal neurons in the presence of 10 microM bicuculline (BIC). These synaptic potentials originate from neostriatal cortical and thalamic afferents and were completely blocked by 10 microM 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) plus 100 microM D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (2-APV). Their inter-event time intervals could be fitted to exponential distributions, suggesting that they are induced randomly. Their amplitude distributions had most counts around 1 mV and fewer counts with values up to 5 mV. Since input resistance of the recorded neurons is about 40 M omega, the amplitudes agree to quantal size measurements in mammalian central neurons. The action of a D2 agonist, quinpirole, was studied on the frequency of these events. Mean amplitude of synaptic potentials was preserved in the presence of 2-10 microM quinpirole, but the frequency of 4-AP-induced glutamatergic synaptic potentials was reduced in 35% of cases. The effect was blocked by the D2 antagonist sulpiride (10 microM). Input resistance, membrane potential, or firing threshold did not change during quinpirole effect, suggesting a presynaptic site of action for quinpirole in some but not all glutamatergic afferents that make contact on a single cell. The present experiments show that dopaminergic presynaptic modulation of glutamatergic transmission in the neostriatum does not affect all stimulated afferents, suggesting that it is selective towards some of them. This may control the quality and quantity of afferent flow upon neostriatal neurons. 相似文献
66.
James A. Ward 《Information Systems Management》1997,14(1):62-65
The road to employee empowerment runs between true commitment on the one side and enforced compliance and chaos on the other. By following this column's guidelines, IS managers can steer their organizations to success and help free employees to be more creative in terms of both quality and productivity. 相似文献
67.
Sir James Lighthill 《Journal of Engineering Mathematics》1996,30(1-2):35-78
Helical distributions of stokeslets can valuably model microbial locomotion through a fluid, and also the flow field generated, wherever a flagellum actively executes helical undulations (as in many single-celled algae and protozoa) or where (as in many bacteria) the action of rotary motors causes a passive structure of helical shape (which may be a flagellum or else the cell body itself) to rotate. Here, previous biomechanical studies of such modes of locomotion are extended to include analyses of three-dimensional flow fields. In some cases, a rotlet field (curl of a stokeslet) needs to be incorporated in the models. For example, spirochete swimming is modelled by combined helical distributions of stokeslets and rotlets; the computed flow field being confined to within distances of less than twice the radius of the cell body's helical shape from its axis, while including a powerful jet-like interior flow through the coils of the swimming spirochete. 相似文献
68.
69.
James Lighthill 《Journal of Engineering Mathematics》1996,30(1-2):25-34
Lorentz [1] pioneered the representation of flows at very low Reynolds number by a surface distribution of stokeslets — whose strengths, nowadays, are computed by surface-velocity collocations. That method is here compared with a representation widely used in flagellar hydrodynamics, by a curvilinear distribution of stokeslets and dipoles along the flagellar centreline; with the velocity of each cross-section expressed as a centreline value of the combined fields of singularities beyond a certain cutoff distance. The latter is also a good representation, and offers moreover some computational advantages. This paper establishes the equivalence of the two representations, and identifies those properties of Stokes flows which make both the dipoles and the cutoff essential to that equivalence. 相似文献
70.
Zemon S. Pedersen B. Lambert G. Miniscalco W.J. Hall B.T. Folweiler R.C. Thompson B.A. Andrews L.J. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》1992,4(3):244-247
The performance of Nd3+-doped fibre amplifiers is limited by strong excited-state absorption (ESA) of the signal, and, even for fluorozirconate glasses, ESA prevents the important region below 1320 nm from being used. To quantify this limitation and explore alternative host materials, ESA and stimulated-emission cross sections have been measured for a representative group of glass compositions. These parameters have been used in an accurate fiber-amplifier model to provide the first quantitative comparisons of performance for Nd3+ -doped glasses in the 1300-nm band as a function of host 相似文献