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31.
Synthesis of BaCu(B2 O5 ) Ceramics and their Effect on the Sintering Temperature and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba(Zn1/3 Nb2/3 )O3 Ceramics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Min-Han Kim Jong-Bong Lim Jae-Chul Kim Sahn Nahm Jong-Hoo Paik Jong-Hee Kim Kyeong-Soon Park 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2006,89(10):3124-3128
BaCu(B2 O5 ) ceramics were synthesized and their microwave dielectric properties were investigated. BaCu(B2 O5 ) phase was formed at 700°C and melted above 850°C. The BaCu(B2 O5 ) ceramic sintered at 810°C had a dielectric constant (ɛr ) of 7.4, a quality factor ( Q × f ) of 50 000 GHz and a temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (τf ) of −32 ppm/°C. As the BaCu(B2 O5 ) ceramic had a low melting temperature and good microwave dielectric properties, it can be used as a low-temperature sintering aid for microwave dielectric materials for low temperature co-fired ceramic application. When BaCu(B2 O5 ) was added to the Ba(Zn1/3 Nb2/3 )O3 (BZN) ceramic, BZN ceramics were well sintered even at 850°C. BaCu(B2 O5 ) existed as a liquid phase during the sintering and assisted the densification of the BZN ceramic. Good microwave dielectric properties of Q × f =16 000 GHz, ɛr =35, and τf =22.1 ppm/°C were obtained for the BZN+6.0 mol% BaCu(B2 O5 ) ceramic sintered at 875°C for 2 h. 相似文献
32.
Jae?H.?KimEmail author Jung?M.?Lee Ho?C.?Shin Young?H.?Paik 《Metals and Materials International》2003,9(6):593-597
It is known that oxide inclusions in liquid metal carry mostly positive charges on their surfaces. In an electrostatic field,
therefore, such charged particles suspended in a liquid metal experience forces and accumulate in the region of the negatively
charged surface, resulting in the separation of oxide inclusions from the liquid metal. In this study, this principle was
experimentally demonstrated for the case of a capacitor cell by the imposition of a d.c. potential on electrodes. The capacitor
cell consisted of a dielectric container of Pyrex tube, a high voltage d.c. source, and two electrodes, which were symmetrically
attached onto the outer surface of the Pyrex. tube. Experiments were carried out for suspensions of liquid tin/metal oxides,
such as SnO2, WO3, and PbO under an applied potential of up to 12 kV. All experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical
prediction and showed that the degree of separation was significantly increased with the applied potential. 相似文献
33.
ABSTRACTThis study focuses on the decisive role played by the digital design environment in the cognitive design process and design thinking. To analyse the cognitive role of digital design tools, we carried out a protocol analysis of conventional design sketching and a 3D sculpture tool. Cognitive evaluation was a differentiating factor when considering the contextual role of the 3D sculpture tool in subsequent evaluations, non-sequential evaluations for conversion, and passive approaches within the design process. Cognitive evaluation played the following roles: validation, extension, navigation, exploration, and confirmation. The navigation, exploration, and extension roles played by non-sequential evaluation were mainly related to inductive design thinking. Finally, the types of cognitive evaluation and their roles when using the 3D sculpture tool were different, according to the design thinking type. This study explored the multidimensional roles of cognitive evaluation using a 3D sculpture tool and its relationship with design thinking types. 相似文献
34.
Paul Chul-ho Paik 《Digital Creativity》2013,24(4):310-326
Avatar gender is a basic element of an MMORPG user's identity. Gender customisation in a virtual space is an expansion of identity, an attempt to express oneself in more diverse ways. A survey showed that numerous users manage gender-swapped avatars, and men in particular prefer using female avatars. This study analysed user attitudes toward gender using a Q methodology. In the process, it confirmed the generalisations and motivating factors of gender swapping. The advanced graphic technology and high degree of freedom available in recent MMORPGs has led to an increased demand for avatar physical qualities, and the motives that underlie gender selection have become more diverse and complex. In particular, the notion of experimental and playful creation through customisation has been illuminated and treated as the core consideration of game design. 相似文献
35.
Yeongin Kim Chenxin Zhu Wen-Ya Lee Anna Smith Haowen Ma Xiang Li Donghee Son Naoji Matsuhisa Jaemin Kim Won-Gyu Bae Sung Ho Cho Myung-Gil Kim Tadanori Kurosawa Toru Katsumata John W. F. To Jin Young Oh Seonghyun Paik Soo Jin Kim Lihua Jin Feng Yan Jeffrey B.-H. Tok Zhenan Bao 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2023,35(1):2203541
Hemispherical image sensors simplify lens designs, reduce optical aberrations, and improve image resolution for compact wide-field-of-view cameras. To achieve hemispherical image sensors, organic materials are promising candidates due to the following advantages: tunability of optoelectronic/spectral response and low-temperature low-cost processes. Here, a photolithographic process is developed to prepare a hemispherical image sensor array using organic thin film photomemory transistors with a density of 308 pixels per square centimeter. This design includes only one photomemory transistor as a single active pixel, in contrast to the conventional pixel architecture, consisting of select/readout/reset transistors and a photodiode. The organic photomemory transistor, comprising light-sensitive organic semiconductor and charge-trapping dielectric, is able to achieve a linear photoresponse (light intensity range, from 1 to 50 W m−2), along with a responsivity as high as 1.6 A W−1 (wavelength = 465 nm) for a dark current of 0.24 A m−2 (drain voltage = −1.5 V). These observed values represent the best responsivity for similar dark currents among all the reported hemispherical image sensor arrays to date. A transfer method was further developed that does not damage organic materials for hemispherical organic photomemory transistor arrays. These developed techniques are scalable and are amenable for other high-resolution 3D organic semiconductor devices. 相似文献
36.
Pu J Paik DS Meng X Roos JE Rubin GD 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2011,17(1):115-124
In three-dimensional medical imaging, segmentation of specific anatomy structure is often a preprocessing step for computer-aided detection/diagnosis (CAD) purposes, and its performance has a significant impact on diagnosis of diseases as well as objective quantitative assessment of therapeutic efficacy. However, the existence of various diseases, image noise or artifacts, and individual anatomical variety generally impose a challenge for accurate segmentation of specific structures. To address these problems, a shape analysis strategy termed "break-and-repair" is presented in this study to facilitate automated medical image segmentation. Similar to surface approximation using a limited number of control points, the basic idea is to remove problematic regions and then estimate a smooth and complete surface shape by representing the remaining regions with high fidelity as an implicit function. The innovation of this shape analysis strategy is the capability of solving challenging medical image segmentation problems in a unified framework, regardless of the variability of anatomical structures in question. In our implementation, principal curvature analysis is used to identify and remove the problematic regions and radial basis function (RBF) based implicit surface fitting is used to achieve a closed (or complete) surface boundary. The feasibility and performance of this strategy are demonstrated by applying it to automated segmentation of two completely different anatomical structures depicted on CT examinations, namely human lungs and pulmonary nodules. Our quantitative experiments on a large number of clinical CT examinations collected from different sources demonstrate the accuracy, robustness, and generality of the shape "break-and-repair" strategy in medical image segmentation. 相似文献
37.
Wonseok Lee Young-bong Bang Kyung-min Lee Bu-hyun Shin Jamie Kyujin Paik In-su Kim 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2010,8(5):1072-1081
Conventional robot motion teaching methods use a teaching pendant or a motion capture device and are not the most convenient
or intuitive ways to teach a robot sophisticated and fluid movements such as martial arts motions. Ideally, a robot could
be set up as if it were a clothing mannequin that has light limbs and flexible yet frictional joints which can be positioned
at desirable shape and hold all the positions. To do the same with a robot, an operator could pull or push the links with
minor forces until the desired robot posture is attained. For this, a robot should measure the applied external force by using
torque sensors at the robot joints. However, torque sensors are bulky and expensive to install in every DOF joints while keeping
a compact design, which is essential to humanoid robots. In this paper, we use only motor current readings to acquire joint
torques. The equations used to compensate for the effect of gravity on the joint torques and the self-calibration method to
earn link parameters are presented. Additionally, kinematic restrictions can be imposed on the robot’s arms to simplify the
motion teaching. Here, we teach the Kendo training robot with this method and the robot’s learnt martial art motions are demonstrated. 相似文献
38.
Cobra neurotoxin from Formosan cobra (Naja naja atra) venom is a compact globular protein having an intrinsic viscosity of 4.5 mL/g. The protein is stable in 7.5 M urea but can be denatured in 4.1 M guanidine hydrochloride or at elevated temperature (above 70 degrees C). Its conformation remains virtually the same in solvents of lower polarity than water such as 1,2-ethanediol or a mixed solvent of 1-propanol-1,2-ethanediol-water (5:1:1 by volume). The circular dichroism spectrum is "atypical" in water in that the peptide chromophores show a small negative circular dichroic (CD) band at 215 nm, a large positive one at 199 nm, and another large negative one below 190 nm. The CD pattern resembles to some extent that of a beta form but differs in both positions and magnitudes from the latter. It agrees qualitatively with the theoretical calculations of the reverse beta bends, suggesting that cobra toxin contains a considerable amount of beta turns and possibly a mixture of beta form and beta turns. 相似文献
39.
The aim of this paper is to provide a composite likelihood approach to handle spatially correlated survival data using pairwise joint distributions. With e-commerce data, a recent question of interest in marketing research has been to describe spatially clustered purchasing behavior and to assess whether geographic distance is the appropriate metric to describe purchasing dependence. We present a model for the dependence structure of time-to-event data subject to spatial dependence to characterize purchasing behavior from the motivating example from e-commerce data. We assume the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) distribution and then model the dependence parameter as a function of geographic and demographic pairwise distances. For estimation of the dependence parameters, we present pairwise composite likelihood equations. We prove that the resulting estimators exhibit key properties of consistency and asymptotic normality under certain regularity conditions in the increasing-domain framework of spatial asymptotic theory. 相似文献
40.
Kyung-Hoon Hyun Sangkyu Lee Chae-Woong Cho Ungyu Paik Dae-Hwan Kim Eun-Sang Na Jea-Gun Park 《Journal of Electroceramics》2006,17(2-4):351-354
An attempt was made to improve the conventional lamination process in the multilayered ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) fabrication by adapting a solvent treatment on the BaTiO3 green sheets. During the lamination process, additional particle rearrangement in the BaTiO3 green block was stimulated by solvent treatment. This rearrangement resulted in a more compact structure of the BaTiO3 green sheets compared to that obtained through the conventional lamination process. The overall thickness of BaTiO3/Ni/BaTiO3 laminates was also reduced after solvent treatment. It is suggested that miniaturization in the fabrication of MLCCs can be improved by adapting a solvent treatment during the lamination process. 相似文献