In situ Ga K edge XANES study of the activation of Ga/ZSM-5 prepared by chemical vapor deposition of trimethylgallium

The activation of a dimethylgallium/ZSM-5 precursor to well-defined reduced and oxidized species is studied by in situ Ga K edge XANES. The precursor is prepared by chemical implanting of trimethylgallium on acidic HZSM-5. Subsequent reduction leads to charge-compensating Ga⁺ species. Direct oxidation of the trimethylgallium precursor leads to various forms of gallium oxide and regeneration of Brønsted acid protons. Oxidation of the reduced Ga⁺ species yields predominantly to GaO⁺ species. The GaO⁺ species exhibit a much higher H₂/D₂ exchange activity than reduced Ga⁺ species.     

Distributed fibre-optic loss sensor with chirped Bragg grating based on transmission-reflection analysis

A novel distributed fibre-optic loss sensor with chirped Bragg grating based on the analysis of transmitted and reflected powers is presented. The localisation of loss region with error equal to /spl plusmn/2 mm along the 10 cm chirped grating for 0.7 dB induced loss is demonstrated.     

The influence of temperament style on a student’s choice of and performance in a computer programming course

This study is an attempt to determine whether it is necessary to include temperament style when compiling an instrument to predict a student’s chances of success in a computer programming course. Temperament style is seen as the combination of qualities which constitute the natural disposition of an individual and which affect actions, thinking and emotions. The DISC model, as adapted by Boyd [Boyd, C. F. (1994). Different children, different needs: the art of adjustable parenting. Oregon: Questar Publishers Inc.], views people as behaving along two orthogonal dimensions: the speed at which a person moves through life, and his/her general focus when doing things, i.e. on people or on tasks. This study proved that both of these dimensions have an influence on the performance of students in a computer programming course while one of them also has an influence on a student’s choice to pursue a programming course.     

Extraction and fractionation of wheat flour proteins

Extraction of wheat flour with 1.5% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) solution dissolved 65–67% of the total flour nitrogen. The SDS-insoluble proteinaceous material was separated into glycoproteins-I, II and III by ultracentrifugation. Part of the SDS-soluble proteinaceous material was precipitated by addition of ethanol and separated into glycoproteins-IV, glutenins and globulins. The rest of the dissolved proteinaceous material was separated into glycoproteins-V, gliadins, glycoproteins-VI, and albumins by (NH₄)₂SO₄-precipitation and gel filtration chromatography.     

Calculating power in analysis of variance.

Presents an overview of procedures for calculating power of the F test under 3 models of ANOVA (fixed effects, random effects, and mixed effects). A comparison of power of tests on fixed and random factors shows the latter to have substantially lower power. Consequences for designing experiments and for interpreting experimental results are discussed, and the simplicity with which power calculations are done is emphasized. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The polarization-dependent relation between radar backscatter fromthe ocean surface and surface wind vector at frequencies between 1 and18 GHz

A series of airborne scatterometer measurements carried out with the DUTSCAT multifrequency airborne scatterometer are discussed. This study deals with the first results obtained from the analysis of these measurements. The objective of this activity is to establish a multifrequency dual-polarization radar signature database, and with it a multidimensional version of the current CMOD1 model. The main features of the data set are the following. The wind exponent of the upwind normalized radar cross section (NRCS) increases with frequency and incidence angle in the case of HH polarization. The upwind/downwind ratio is mainly negative at 20° of incidence angle, always at C-, X-, and Ku1-bands     

Roentgen diagnosis of renal tuberculosis (author's transl)]

Roentgenologic procedures are of limited value, compared with other possible examinations. Early radiologic diagnosis is made rarely. Roentgenologic procedures are important for demonstration of successful treatment and for legal documentation. Excretory urography is effective only in combination with zonography and ureteral compression provided the amount of injected contrast medium is sufficient. Angiography is important in progressive or silent renal tuberculosis, especially in cases of a partial or complete non-functioning kidney. Difficulities in differential diagnosis are possible in unspecific pyelonephritis and malignant tumors.     

From renting to owning: Life course and housing market circumstances

Moving from a rental dwelling to owner occupation is an important event in the housing career of a household. The literature shows that considerations of housing consumption, related to household circumstances, play a dominant role in the decision to rent or to buy a dwelling. The analysis in this article substantiates again that family status must have reached a certain stability, and prospects of a substantial permanent income must be good, before the move from renting to owning is considered. But general economic circumstances which manifest themselves into changes in housing market conditions, also have measurable influences on the decision for renting or owning. In the Netherlands, the propensity for renters to buy a dwelling were low between 1978 and 1982 when prices of owner occupation were falling, mortgage interest rate was high and income prospects were uncertain. Government policy certainly has an influence on the decision of households to rent or to buy a dwelling. In the long term government promotion of one particular tenure sector over a long period may well stimulate household preference for this sector. And by consistently building large parts of new construction in one tenure, opportunities of moving in or into this sector are increased as this article illustrates for Randstad Holland.