Optical time-division multiplexed transmission system experiment at 8 Gbit/s

We describe the design and performance of an experimental two-channel optical time-division multiplexed fibre transmission system operating at a wavelength of 1.3 ?m and a bit rate of 8 Gbit/s. Transmission over 8 km of single-mode fibre with low crosstalk and transmission error rates as low as 10?10 is demonstrated.     

Rationale, design, and baseline data for Commit to Quit: an exercise efficacy trial for smoking cessation among women

BACKGROUND: The Commit to Quit trial was designed to address the methodological problems of prior studies that have examined the contribution of exercise to smoking cessation. METHODS: This paper provides an overview of the study design and describes the sample of women who participated in this trial (N = 281). Interrelationships among eating, exercise, and smoking behavior are examined. RESULTS: Subjects randomized into the study compared with the sample of women who completed the initial assessment but were not randomized were more likely to be white, to have at least a high school education, and to smoke fewer cigarettes per day. Overall, the most frequent ineligibility criteria were health-related issues and scheduling conflicts. On average, participants in this study smoked more cigarettes per day than national samples of women smokers. Significant interrelationships include the positive association of motivational readiness for quitting smoking and enhanced levels of dietary restraint and the positive association of motivational readiness for exercise adoption and high levels of weight concern. CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first adequately powered randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the relative efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation treatment plus vigorous exercise with the same treatment plus contact control.     

Untersuchungen des Reaktionsverlaufes und der Produkte der säurekatalysierten Reaktion von Phenolen mit Holzöl, 1. Phenol und Holzöl

In this paper the acid-catalyzed reaction between phenol and tung oil is investigated. This reaction is important for the production of modified phenolic resins for electrical insulating laminates. Based on the characterization of reaction products by means of gas- and liquid chromatography, IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy and MS is established, that phenol is C-alkylated by tung oil in the manner of a Friedel-Crafts-reaction. Phenol reacts only with the double bonds of the eleostearic acid links of the tung oil.     

Quantitation of D antigen content in inactivated poliovirus vaccine derived from wild-type or sabin strains

We studied the ontogenetic development of renal alpha 1-, alpha 2-, and beta-adrenergic receptors and their coupling to inositol phosphate and cyclic AMP formation in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. alpha 1-, alpha 2-, and beta-Adrenergic receptor number was significantly increased in hypertensive compared with normotensive rats, but the increase did not precede blood pressure elevation. Despite increased alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, basal and norepinephrine-stimulated inositol phosphate formation remained unchanged in all age groups. Rat kidney contains alpha 1A- and alpha 1B-adrenergic receptors coupling to inositol phosphate formation by different mechanisms, but the relative contribution of alpha 1A- and alpha 1B-adrenergic receptors to norepinephrine-stimulated inositol phosphate formation was similar in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Despite increased beta-adrenergic receptors, basal, isoproterenol-, and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation was similar in normotensive and hypertensive rats. We conclude that the number but not the functional responsiveness of renal adrenergic receptors increases in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Thus, the additional receptors are unlikely to contribute to the pathophysiology of elevated blood pressure in this model.