Introduction of fluorin into PBO polymer chains: Toward higher thermal stability and lower dielectric constant

A series of novel fluorinated benzoxazole polymers (6FPBO's) with high thermal stability and low dielectric constant were synthesized by copolymerization of 1,3-diamino-4, 6-dihydroxybenzene dihy-drochloride (DAR), 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (PTA) and various amount of 4'4- (hexafluoroisopro-pylidene) bis (benzoic acid) (BIS-B-AF) in the medium of polyphosphoric acid (PPA). 6FPBO fibers were then obtained via dry-jet wet-spinning technique and characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), single fiber tensile testing machine and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectrum of 6FPBO fibers indicated that the fluorine groups had been incorporated into PBO molecular chains successfully. TGA curves revealed that 6FPBO fibers possessed high thermal stability just as pure PBO fibers. Moreover, dielectric constant spectrum of 6FPBO exhibited that the polymers had low dielectric constant, especially in the range of high- frequency.     

Discrimination for ablative control mechanism in solid-propellant rocket nozzle

The ablation in solid-propellant rocket nozzle is a coupling process resulted by chemistry, heat and mass transfer. Based on the heat and mass transfer theory, the aero-thermo-dynamic, and thermo-chemical kinetics, the thermal-chemical ablation model is established. Simulations are completed on the heat flow field and chemical ablation in the nozzle with different concentrations, frequency factors and activation energy of H2. The calculation results show that the concentration and the activation energy of H...     

一种多级跨域访问控制管理模型

访问控制管理为维护访问控制策略的安全、一致提供了重要保障。针对现有访问控制管理模型存在指派关系复杂、扩展性差、缺乏对跨域访问管理有效支撑的问题,结合多级跨域系统特性和访问控制管理的细粒度要求,文章提出了多级跨域访问控制管理模型,给出了模型的基本元素、元素关系、约束条件和管理规则。与现有研究相比,该模型具有良好的可扩展性,支持细粒度的管理操作,能够有效支撑多级跨域环境下安全、统一的访问控制管理。     

改善水泥性能满足施工需求的措施

1技术攻关方向保定太行和益水泥股份有限公司初期生产的水泥问题主要表现是和混凝土减水剂适应性比较差,需水量大,在施工过程中要多加水才能达到规定的水泥胶砂流动度,但多加水降低了混凝土制品的强度,相应使生产成本上升了。为解决这种情况,2004年以来     

正交法选择COPNA树脂的最佳合成条件

COPNA树脂可作为炭／炭复合材料的基体前驱体。为提高以苯甲醛为交联荆，蔡为单体，浓硫酸为催化剂的缩合多核芳香烃（COPNA）树脂的残炭率，采用正交实验，研究了合成COPNA树脂的交联荆与单体的摩尔比、催化荆的用量、反应温度等因素对树脂的残炭率的影响。结果表明：影响因子强度大小依次为交联剂与单体的摩尔比、催化荆用量、反应温度。通过正交实验得到的最佳反应条件是交联剂与单体的摩尔比为2．5、催化剂的用量为5％、反应温度170℃，此条件下合成的COPNA树脂的残炭率达到76％。     

塔架式抽油机的远程控制系统

针对传统的抽油机远程控制系统存在的弊端,提出了新型的控制层结构,设计了三层架构的远程控制系统;设计即时通信系统应用于远程控制系统中,详细地分析其服务器、电脑客户端和移动客户端的构架,实现管理层和控制层之间的信息交互;设计了基于WiFi的网络通信模块与上位机进行通信,介绍远程控制终端的核心控制模块,实现对电机的控制。经过测试,系统具有即时性、高可靠性以及快速性,确保对抽油机的有效控制,具有一定的工业价值和推广价值。     

利用制硫酸废渣和制药废酸制备聚合硫酸铁

以制硫酸废渣和制药废酸为原料,通过酸浸、水解、聚合制备聚合硫酸铁,考察了废酸的含量和用量以及酸浸时间对反应的影响.结果表明,废渣20 g与质量分数为40%的废硫酸60 mL反应3 h,用Ca(OH)2调节pH值至0.8～1.1,再聚合2～3 h后,可得到红棕色、粘稠的液体产品,烘干后可得淡黄色固体粉末状的固体产品.所得固体聚合硫酸铁的全铁质量分数18.9%,盐基度为11.2%,质量符合国家标准.与传统工艺相比,具有无需氧化剂、原料价廉和生产成本低等优点.     

Using multiple‐mode models for fitting and predicting the rheological properties of polymeric melts. II. Single and double step‐strain flows

Several classes of multiple‐mode rheological constitutive equations are examined for predicting the viscoelastic flow properties of a typical polymer melt in single and double step‐strain flows. The phenomenological parameters appearing in these models have been obtained by the fitting of experimental data taken in small‐amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flows. The performance of the models for predicting the experimental data in the step‐strain experiments is examined in detail. Specifically, we examine whether or not mode coupling is necessary to describe the experimental behavior under step‐strain flows. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the reversing double step‐strain experiment is a very powerful tool for testing viscoelastic constitutive equations. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

虚拟牙种植导航系统研究与开发

针对传统种植方法容易产生植入位置不正和虚拟设计手术难转移问题,文章设计一种基于VTK可视化类库实现新型的CT图像三维虚拟牙种植导航系统;通过对能提供详细软组织,植入区牙颌骨及相邻解剖结构的CT数据进行预处理,三维重建,三维切割与测量;医生能在此系统中参考种植体、邻牙及相关牙骨结构,进行虚拟种植体植入位置、尺寸、角度的设计并通过配准融合的方法生成种植导航导板;实验结果表明:该系统能真实直观地再现牙颌骨全貌,准确地把虚拟手术转化到实际手术中,提高了牙种植修复效果。     

Preparation and characterization of SO42-/TiO2 and S2O82-/TiO2 catalysts

Nanosized solid superacids SO₄ ²⁻/TiO₂ and S₂O₈ ²⁻/TiO₂, as well as MCM-41-supported SO₄ ²⁻/ZrO₂, were prepared. Their structures, acidities, and catalytic activities were investigated and compared using XRD, N₂ adsorption-desorption, and in situ FTIR-pyridine adsorption, as well as an evaluation reaction with pseudoionone cyclization. The results showed that SO₄ ²⁻/TiO₂ and S₂O₈ ²⁻/TiO₂ possess not only nanosized particles with diameters < 7.0 nm, a BET surface greater than 140 cm²/g and relatively regular mesostructures with pores around 4.0 nm, but also a pure anatase phase and strong acidity. Different from the Lewis acid nature of SO₄ ²⁻/ZrO₂/MCM-41, SO₄ ²⁻/TiO₂ and S₂O₈ ²⁻/TiO₂ exhibit mainly Bronsted acidities. The strongest Bronsted acid sites were produced on SO₄ ²⁻/TiO₂ promoted with H₂SO₄, while Lewis acid sites on S₂O₈ ²⁻/TiO₂ even stronger than those on SO₄ ²⁻/ZrO₂/MCM-41 were generated when persulfate solution was used as sulfating agent. Because of their distinct acid natures, SO₄ ²⁻/TiO₂ and S₂O₈ ²⁻/TiO₂ exhibited catalytic activities for the cyclization of pseudoionone that were much higher than that of SO₄ ²⁻/ZrO₂/MCM-41. It can be concluded that the existence of more Br?nsted acid sites was favorable for proton participation in the cyclization reaction. Translated from Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2006, 20(2): 239–244 [译自: 高校化学工程学报]