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41.
42.
聚丙烯熔融特性与MDSC条件的相关性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用调制式差示扫描量热法研究了聚丙烯(PP)升温过程熔融特性与线性升温速率(β)、温度调制振幅(AT)和调制周期(p)的相关性。实验结果表明,在低β时,总热流部分PP熔融呈现双峰;β加快时,呈现单熔融峰。随β加快,不可逆热流部分熔融热(△H)增加;可逆热流部分出现明显的放热峰。随p延长,总热流部分和不可逆热流部分的熔融峰温(Tp)基本不变,起始熔融温度(Ton)降低;但△H前者不变,后者增加;可逆热流部分从吸热变成放热,放热峰温移向高温。总热流和不可逆热流部分的Tp和Ton不受AT的影响,但随AT增大△H前者不变,后者降低。 相似文献
43.
Nathalie Nadeau Gérard L. Vignoles Claude-Michel Brauner 《Chemical engineering science》2006,61(22):7509-7527
The film-boiling chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) process is a fast process developed for composite material fabrication, and especially carbon/carbon composites. In order to help define optimal conditions, a local 1D model has been developed to study the densification front which establishes itself during the processing of a carbon/carbon fibrous preform. The model features heat conduction, precursor gas diffusion, densification reactions and structural evolution of the porous medium. The effects of total mass flux, Thiele modulus, porous medium geometry on front behavior parameters such as width, velocity and residual porosity are presented as semi-analytical correlations. An existence criterion is produced, which involves a minimal heat flux. Comparison between process-scale experiments and simulation is then possible by inserting the semi-analytical results achieved in the local study of the front into a light numerical model involving the entire preform. The model has been validated with respect to previous experimental and numerical data. 相似文献
44.
The influences of nucleating agent content on crystallization peak temperature, crystallization curve shape, crystallization onset temperature, and crystallinity of a copolypropylene were studied in detail by differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that crystallization onset temperature and crystallization peak temperature increased 17°C–22°C and 15°C–19°C, respectively, with increasing nucleating agent content. The behavior of the nucleating agent showed excellent efficiency. But the shape of the crystallization curve broadened with increasing nucleating agent content, and the crystallinity came to an extremum when the nucleating agent content was 0.2%. These results generally differed from those for crystallization of i‐PP by a nucleating agent. Modification of copolypropylene was studied by use of a nucleating agent, and the characteristics of the effects of the nucleating agent on copolypropylene were mastered. The results showed that the hardness of a copolypropylene improved observably. So the abrasion resistance of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film for cigarette packaging was improved by adopting the modified copolypropylene as the skin‐layer heat‐seal material of BOPP film. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101:3915–3919, 2006 相似文献
45.
采用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯(PP)/回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(r-PET)、r-PET/马来酸酐接枝PP(PP-g-MAH)和r-PET/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝PP(PP-g-GMA)共混物,并研究了共混物组成、熔融温度与时间以及降温速率对共混物非等温结晶与熔融行为的影响.结果表明,r-PET与PP共混,结晶温度均提高,这与组分间起到异相成核诱导结晶作用有关.r-PET结晶温度随PP-g-MAH用量增加而降低,但受PP-g-GMA用量影响较小;r-PET可提高PP-g-MAH结晶温度,但降低PP-g-GMA结晶温度.熔融温度提高,共混物中PP结晶温度和熔点均降低,r-PET熔融峰形和熔点取决于共混物的熔融温度及界面相互作用. 相似文献
46.
Meng-Fei Luo Mai He Yun-Long Xie Ping Fang Ling-Yun Jin 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2007,69(3-4):213-218
A novel CeO2–Y2O3 (CY) washcoat on cordierite honeycomb was prepared by an impregnation method, which was used as a support to prepare a Pd catalyst. A model reaction of the complete combustion of toluene was conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed Pd/CY catalyst. The CY washcoat support and the Pd/CY catalyst were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, H2-TPR and SEM techniques. The results show that compared with conventional washcoat the CY washcoat has better adhesion and higher vibration- and heat-resistance. The CY washcoat can anchor well Pd onto the cordierite honeycomb substrate. The formation of a CeO2–Y2O3 solid solution and the steady present of PdO occur at high calcination temperatures, resulting in a better thermal stability. On a Pd/CY catalyst calcined at 500 °C, a 99% of toluene conversion was obtained at 210 °C, and it was stable for reaction time up to 30 h. 相似文献
47.
Rheological and mechanical properties of PVC/CaCO3 nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization
Xiao-Lin Xie Qing-Xi Liu Robert Kwok-Yiu Li Qing-Xin Zhang Yiu-Wing Mai 《Polymer》2004,45(19):6665-6673
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ polymerization of vinyl chloride (VC) in the presence of CaCO3 nanoparticles. Their thermal, rheological and mechanical properties were evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), capillary rheometry, tensile and impact fracture tests. The results showed that CaCO3 nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the PVC matrix during in situ polymerization of VC with 5.0 wt% or less nanoparticles. The glass transition and thermal decomposition temperatures of PVC phase in PVC/CaCO3 nanocomposites are shifted toward higher temperatures by the restriction of CaCO3 nanoparticles on the segmental and long-range chain mobility of the PVC phase. The nanocomposites showed shear thinning and power law behaviors. The ‘ball bearing’ effect of the spherical nanoparticles decreased the apparent viscosity of the PVC/CaCO3 nanocomposite melts, and the viscosity sensitivity on shear rate of the PVC/CaCO3 nanocomposite is higher than that of pristine PVC. Moreover, CaCO3 nanoparticles stiffen and toughen PVC simultaneously, and optimal properties were achieved at 5 wt% of CaCO3 nanoparticles in Young's modulus, tensile yield strength, elongation at break and Charpy notched impact energy. Detailed examinations of micro-failure micromechanisms of impact and tensile specimens showed that the CaCO3 nanoparticles acted as stress raisers leading to debonding/voiding and deformation of the matrix material around the nanoparticles. These mechanisms also lead to impact toughening of the nanocomposites. 相似文献
48.
Jun-Ting Xu J.Patrick A. FaircloughShao-Min Mai Chiraporn ChaibunditM. Mingvanish C. BoothAnthony J. Ryan 《Polymer》2003,44(22):6843-6850
The crystallization behavior of poly(oxyethylene)-b-poly(oxybutylene) block copolymers with different compositions, morphologies and architectures (EmBn diblock copolymers and EmBnEm, BnEmBn triblock copolymers) were investigated and the effect of volume fraction and architecture on the crystallization temperature (Tc) in non-isothermal crystallization was determined. It is found that the EmBn diblock copolymers having long E blocks exhibit similar crystallization temperatures, irrespective of volume fraction and morphology, but for the block copolymers with shorter E blocks the crystallization temperature increases with both the volume fraction, φE, and the length, m, of the E block. Some block copolymers with extremely low Tc, which fall into the temperature range normally associated with homogenous nucleation, were chosen for time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and isothermal crystallization kinetics experiments. The results show that breakout crystallization occurs in all these block copolymers. Therefore, unlike EmBn/Bh blends, there is no obvious relationship between Tc and crystallization behavior in neat block copolymers and homogeneous nucleation does not definitely lead to confined crystallization. The values of χc/χODT for all the block copolymers with hex and bcc morphology were also calculated. It is found that all the block copolymers have χc/χODT<3, in agreement with the previously reported critical value and consistent with their breakout crystallization behavior. 相似文献
49.
Retrieving similar images based on its visual content is an important yet difficult problem. We propose in this paper a new method to improve the accuracy of content-based image retrieval systems. Typically, given a query image, existing retrieval methods return a ranked list based on the similarity scores between the query and individual images in the database. Our method goes further by relying on an analysis of the underlying connections among individual images in the database to improve this list. Initially, we consider each image in the database as a query and use an existing baseline method to search for its likely similar images. Then, the database is modeled as a graph where images are nodes and connections among possibly similar images are edges. Next, we introduce an algorithm to split this graph into stronger subgraphs, based on our notion of graph’s strength, so that images in each subgraph are expected to be truly similar to each other. We create for each subgraph a structure called integrated image which contains the visual features of all images in the subgraph. At query time, we compute the similarity scores not only between the query and individual database images but also between the query and the integrated images. The final similarity score of a database image is computed based on both its individual score and the score of the integrated image that it belongs to. This leads effectively to a re-ranking of the retrieved images. We evaluate our method on a common image retrieval benchmark and demonstrate a significant improvement over the traditional bag-of-words retrieval model. 相似文献
50.
Mai Ba Loc Hyeung-Sik Choi Jung-Min Seo Se-Hoon Baek Joon-Young Kim 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2014,12(4):886-894
This paper presents an architecture of a newly developed autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) platform, named KAUV-1, which is designed as a torpedo with very light weight and small size, suitable for use in marine exploration and monitoring. The KAUV-1 has a unique ducted propeller located at the aft end with yawing actuation acting as a rudder. For depth motion, the KAUV-1 is designed to have a mass shifter mechanism inside to change the vehicle center of gravity and to control its pitch angle and depth motion. The paper also presents an analysis on the equations of motion of the KAUV-1 with mass shifter mechanism and a new depth control strategy for the KAUV-1. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is validated through simulation and experiment of performance of the vehicle. 相似文献