图谱法脑部MRI图像自动分割技术发展及应用

脑部MRI图像自动分割是计算机技术运用于医学上的一个典 型工作,脑部图像分割技术对于人类研究脑部疾病具有重要意义。虽然有一些非常广泛应用 的图像分割方法,如阈值法、区域增长法、聚类法等,但在脑部MRI图像分割中,这些方法 都 没有图谱法具有更为实际的医学研究与临床价值。本文回顾了脑部图像配准、分割的发展历 程,介绍了图谱分割算法的发展及基本原理,以及当前比较前沿的多图谱分割系统的组成和 应用。最后本文对图谱法脑部自动分割在实际临床医学中的应用前景作了总结和展望。     

二维圆环结构中弹性波传播的谱单元分析

为研究弹性波在结构中的波场特征,推导建立一种任意四边形二维谱单元,将其应用于二维圆环结构中的波传播行为模拟.以矩形平板结构中弹性导波传播分析为例,通过与传统有限元分析结果对比,验证所建立谱单元的有效性.有裂纹和无裂纹二维圆环结构谱单元模拟结果表明:弹性波在圆环结构中传播会发生频散;圆环结构表面的裂纹对瑞利波的传播影响最大;根据其反射波包位置可以确定损伤位置.     

利用层间相关性的岩心CT图像半自动分割方法

目的 由于岩心CT图像分辨率不高,目标边界较为模糊,无法完全自动化地对岩心CT图像的目标分割和提取。为保证效果,在分割过程中往往需要进行人为干预。但作为3维重建的岩心CT图像,图像数据规模较大,达到成百上千帧。如果对每一帧都进行人为干预,工作量将会很大。针对这种情况提出一种在保证分割效果的前提下只需进行少量人为干预的高效实用的分割方法。方法 先对CT图像中的某一帧设定分割阈值,利用CT图像层间相关性对相邻帧自动计算合适的分割阈值,从而分割出整个CT图中的目标。并根据需要,选定其中分割效果较好的一帧,其他帧根据此帧进行自动区域生长修复,从而更加完善分割效果。还可以手工修复其中一帧中的目标,其余帧的所有相关目标将会自动进行识别和修复。结果 通过对多组不同数据规模和分辨率的岩心CT图像进行实验测试,使用本文方法均可达到期望的分割效果,并且分割速度较大津分割法提高近1倍,与固定阈值分割方法速度相当。结论 岩心CT图像分割方法充分利用图像层间相关性,可快速有效地批量提取具有连续性的序列图像中的目标。     

An Experimental Study on Three General Interface Layout Designs for Chemical Process Plants

The human‐machine interface design is not a new problem; however, existing knowledge appears to be focused either on interface conceptual design, which determines what information at what time needs to be displayed, or on interface detailed design, which determines the form of display elements. This article presents a study on interface layout design. Three interface layout designs were proposed based on the proximity compatibility priniciple, which were on the same interface conceptual design. In particular, the first interface layout design is with the highest degree of proximity cognition and the second and third with a reduced degree of proximity cognition. They are called sophisticated, semisophisticated, and nonsophisticated interfaces, respectively. An experiment with a simple process plant was conducted to understand user behaviors on the three interfaces. It is noted that in order to provide an unbiased comparative evaluation of these interfaces the same application problem and similar look‐and‐feel forms of interfaces were designed. In the experiment, three general classes of tasks were considered, namely, normal control operation, fault detection (or monitoring), and fault diagnosis. Two categories of measures were used: the performance measure and the subjective measure. The major results obtained from the experiment are 1) the nonsophisticated interface is the best for fault detections in terms of performance measure; besides, this interface has the lowest mental workload for fault detection; 2) the sophisticated interface is the best for normal operation in terms of performance measure; 3) there appears no significant difference for fault diagnosis in terms of performance measures for all these three interfaces; 4) for normal operation and fault diagnosis, the mental workloads for the three interfaces have no significant difference. Overall, the experiment suggests that the nonsophisticated interface be used in practice with additional two reasons: 1) most of time in the chemical process plant today is the fault detection or operation monitoring task, and 2) it is relatively easier for the nonsophisticated interface to adapt to changes in the chemical process plant design, which are common in today's manufacturing environments.     

论包装色彩设计中的多维构架

文章从色彩因子在包装中的运用和色彩的不同属性入手,研究了包装色彩的释义及美学特征。进而从基础属性、支柱属性、以及高级属性等不同维度,阐述包装色彩设计的总体要求。从理论上论证了用多维构架思维进行包装色彩设计的合理性,为包装色彩设计提供了可以借鉴的思路。     

物联网中的信息安全与防范措施

随着信息化社会的不断发展,物联网以其广泛、便捷等特点备受关注。物联网的出现,为互联网的普及提供了一个良好的基础平台。物联网是继计算机、互联网之后又一信息化飞跃,将为信息化生活的加快带来极大的机遇与挑战。并且物联网共享的数据与人们的生活息息相关,这决定了物联网信息的广泛性和敏感性。对物联网中的信息安全和防范措施提出了更高的要求。     

A Balanced Approach to IT Transformation

The continuous improvement strategies necessary in today's climate of random change mandate that IT organizations transform the way they relate to other business units, deploy new technology, and organize and develop their people. Crafting an individualized transformation program that balances efforts in each of these areas will help IT managers add value to the bottom line while achieving real gains in customer service and productivity.     

黄河下游斜河形成机理分析

研究了不同条件下概化复式断面的水沙分布规律,定量分析了黄河下游河道斜河产生的机理,结果表明:复式断面滩、槽流速和挟沙力存在较大差异,易引起横向冲淤变化,在一定程度上促进了斜河的发展;河道水、沙量的剧烈变化均能引起河道水深和水面比降的快速变化,导致河道断面流速和挟沙力的显著增大或减小,引起主槽的大量淤积,改变原有的流路形成斜河;对于束窄河段,由于河道断面宽窄相间,且存在滩洲,因此当局部淤积较大时,易引起主流的偏离并形成斜河.     

Pulse-order recursive method for inverse covariance matrix computation applied to space-time adaptive processing

The conventional space-time adaptive processing(STAP) method such as the typical sample matrix inversion(SMI)-based STAP method is difficult to implement for a practical system because intense computational complexity arises in calculating the inversion of a space-time covariance matrix directly.According to the block Hermitian matrix property of space-time covariance matrix,a new pulse-order recursive method is proposed in this paper to calculate the inverse covariance matrix for the STAP adaptive weight,which can reduce the computational complexity significantly.The proposed method requires initially calculating the inverse covariance matrix of the first pulse-order recursively based on the block Hermitian matrix property.In the following,the inversion of space-time covariance matrix is obtained recursively based on the previous pulse-order inverse covariance matrix.Next,the STAP adaptive weight is calculated based on the inversion space-time covariance matrix previously obtained.Compared with the conventional SMI-based STAP algorithms,the computational complexity of the proposed method is reduced to more than 50% for the same clutter suppression performance.This method can be applied to practical systems benefiting from small computational complexity and stable clutter suppression performance.