Dynamic Studies On Human Body Sway By Using A Simple Model With Special Concerns On The Pelvic And Muscle Roles

The human pelvis is such a unique structure that enables our upper body to work so perfectly with the two legs so as to control the body's balance in the complicated postures. The aim of this study is to establish a new dynamic body sway control model in the upright standing body position in coronal plane, and to reveal the possible control mechanisms underlying the body sway with special concerns on the roles that the pelvis and its muscles are performing during the sway. The plant of control model, the dynamics of human body, includes five parts, i.e. two ankles, two hips and one lumbosacral joint, which makes up a multi‐link inverted pendulum system, and is driven by two pairs of muscles, the psoas major (PM) and glutaeus medius (GM). Body sway records from eight healthy young subjects showed that the angular sway scopes of the ankle on roll (lateral) plane are 0.94±0.36± (eye‐open) and 1.35±0.52± (eye‐closed) respectively, while in lumbosacral plane, the scopes are 0.99±0.41± (eye‐open) and 1.27±0.72± (eye‐closed). The ankle and lumbosacral sways were almost in the same degree, yet their phase difference was near ±n, which means that the body trunk maintains perpendicular to horizon during the upright stance. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity from GM also showed the same evidence: the activated GM was always in the same side as the deviated center‐of‐pressure (COP). By assuming the corrective torque of posture is regulated by PID (proportional, integral and derivative) control, the body sway can be simulated by applying human physical parameters. Our study results demonstrated that the simulated traces are consistent with the experimental recorded, suggesting that the pelvis is an important structure for the posture maintenance and control, and the mechanism of balance keeping control during upright stance can be approximately taken as a PID control. The result also suggests a novel means for postural stability assessment in individual in the future.     

悬浮泥沙反射光谱特性和泥沙量估算试验研究

通过实验室含沙水体的配比试验，对不同浓度含沙水体进行了光学特性测量，建立了不同悬沙含量遥感反演模型，结果表明：1）确立的水体光谱反射率和悬沙浓度之间的数值关系，为用卫星遥感技术探测表层悬沙浓度做了基础性的研究，取得了令人满意的效果；2）悬沙水样的敏感波段位于700nm～720nm，730～750nm和800～850nm；3）利用主成分分析方法结合多元线性回归可较为精确地估算悬沙含量，其模型反演能力明显优于敏感波段线性模型。对于浓度范围为0．1905g／L～3．6991g/L的悬沙水体，主成分回归模型反演精度更高，反演值和实测值的平均相对误差仅为5％左右；4）用实验室含沙水体配比方法进行的悬沙浓度与光谱关系的研究，其数据采集的同步性好，精度可靠。     

采用多通道数字滤波器的轴心轨迹提纯

针对旋转机械振动信号除了具有随机噪声外通常还存在脉冲干扰的特点，提出了用多通道数字滤波器实现轴心轨迹提纯的方法。采用这种方法，可以不考虑转子振动信号的频谱特征，不需要转子故障的先验知识，得到提纯的轴心轨迹。这种方法已成功地应用于DH-80空气压缩机的故障诊断中，实践证明该方法效果好，运算速度快。易于现场采用。     

芳烃装置乙苯积累的原因分析及对策

针对芳烃装置二甲苯系统在加工外购混苯生产过程中出现的乙苯积累问题,依据C8芳烃异构化反应的机理、热力学及动力学的论述,分析乙苯积累的原因,找出解决乙苯积累的对策,为指导芳烃装置的正常生产提供理论依据。     

绿色润滑油

简约介绍了绿色润滑油的基础油,添加剂和应用情况.     

景电高扬程灌区水价改革实践及思考

水价是水商品价值的体现。由于多方面的原因，水价改革的进程与水商品生产经营的市场化供求关系还不相适应，致使现行水价不能体现水资源的市场需求价值。回顾总结景电灌区水价调整改革的实践，可以为西北高扬程灌区水价改革提供借鉴。     

基于改进粒子群优化算法的新安江模型参数优选

新安江模型是一种实用有效的水文模型,在洪水预报以及水资源评估和管理中得到了广泛的应用。为此,结合新安江模型参数的特点,提出了基于改进粒子群优化算法的新安江模型参数优选方法,并将该模型应用到日径流预报中。实例表明,该方法能快速地完成参数寻优,并能较好地寻找出参数的全局最优解。     

QLH-02裂解汽油二段加氢催化剂工业应用

通过载体改性及催化剂制备工艺研究,中国石化齐鲁分公司研究院成功开发了QLH-02低温型裂解汽油二段加氢催化剂。在中国石化齐鲁分公司烯烃厂裂解汽油二段加氢装置应用结果表明,该催化剂强度高,装填量少,在二段加氢反应器入口温度为265℃、压力为2.65 MPa、液体空速4.0 h-1、氢油体积比800~1 000的操作条件下,产品中硫含量小于1μg.g-1,双烯值(B r2值/100 mL,以下同)小于0.05 g,溴值(B r值/100 mL,以下同)小于0.09 g,远低于控制指标,具有很好的低温加氢活性,明显降低了能源消耗。     

基于EXTEND的排队规则仿真研究

排队系统是一种典型的离散事件动态系统,在不同的排队规则下会有不同的系统特性。通过仿真软件EXTEND对不同排队规则下的排队系统进行了建模及仿真。在分析仿真结果的基础上,探讨了不同排队规则下排队系统的内在规律。