某型复杂装备车载状态监测系统设计

某型复杂装备现有设备监测数据达不到对全车的故障诊断与健康状态评估所需数据的要求,通过分析其整车电气信号,为满足复杂装备对整车数据的监测需求,设计了车载状态监测系统;给出了车载监测系统的总体架构,对综合控制处理电路、实时数据采集处理电路、总线数据监控电路和车载显示系统硬件进行了设计,设计了车载采集与报警系统和显示系统软件,最后对系统进行了车载测试,表明系统能够对复杂装备的实时运行状态进行监测,完成基本的故障诊断功能,为早期发现故障缺陷,提出处置措施,开展系统健康管理提供了条件.     

A Comparative study on multiobjective reliable and robust optimization for crashworthiness design of vehicle structure

Design optimization without considering uncertainties of system variables and parameters can be problematic in real life. In order to take into account the effect of uncertainties, reliable and robust design schemes have proven effective, but limited studies have been reported to compare their difference in a multiobjective framework. This paper takes a typical vehicle structure subject to offset frontal crashing scenario as an example to compare reliable and robust designs with their deterministic counterpart. The thicknesses of some key components of vehicle frontal structures were selected as design variables, the vehicle weight and energy absorption as the objectives, deceleration and firewall intrusion as the constraints. The deterministic multiobjective optimization problem was first solved by adopting Design of Experimental (DOE), metamodels and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). Take into account the uncertainties, a Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is adopted to generate random distributions of the objective and constraint functions for each design. For the reliability-based optimization the desired reliabilities of 90 %, 95 % and 99 % are considered, respectively. For the robustness-based optimization, two different formulation strategies are adopted. The optimization showed that the reliable and robust Pareto fronts are shifted away from their deterministic counterpart due to uncertainties. The different Pareto fronts yielded from the deterministic, reliable and robust designs are compared to provide some quantitative insights into how to apply these different design schemes for resolving uncertainty problems. It is shown that, compared with the baseline design, the optimizations enhance the crashworthiness of vehicle, though more conservative solutions could have been generated from the reliable and robust optimizations.     

Adaptive heuristic search algorithm for discrete variables based multi-objective optimization

Although metamodel technique has been successfully used to enhance the efficiency of the multi-objective optimization (MOO) with black-box objective functions, the metamodel could become less accurate or even unavailable when the design variables are discrete. In order to overcome the bottleneck, this work proposes a novel random search algorithm for discrete variables based multi-objective optimization with black-box functions, named as k-mean cluster based heuristic sampling with Utopia-Pareto directing adaptive strategy (KCHS-UPDA). This method constructs a few adaptive sampling sets in the solution space and draws samples according to a heuristic probability model. Several benchmark problems are supplied to test the performance of KCHS-UPDA including closeness, diversity, efficiency and robustness. It is verified that KCHS-UPDA can generally converge to the Pareto frontier with a small quantity of number of function evaluations. Finally, a vehicle frontal member crashworthiness optimization is successfully solved by KCHS-UPDA.     

An adaptive time-based global method for dynamic reanalysis

The popular dynamic reanalysis methods, such as combined approximation (CA) mainly focus on frequency domain. Compared with time domain analysis, the main challenge for reanalysis methods is to calculate the responses in each iteration. Due to this difficulty, popular reanalysis methods are not available for time domain analysis, such as Newmark- $\beta $ and central different method (CDF). Therefore, a novel adaptive time-based global reanalysis (ATGR) algorithm for Newmark- $\beta $ method is suggested. If basis vectors are generated for predicting the response in each time step, computational cost of reanalysis should be significantly increased. To improve the efficiency, an adaptive reanalysis algorithm is suggested. Moreover, in order to enhance the accuracy of the popular combined algorithm (CA) reanalysis, a global strategy is suggested to construct basis vectors. Numerical examples show that accurate approximations are achieved efficiently for time domain problems.     

区域和局部信息结合的双向医学图像配准

提出了一种新的基于区域互信息和局部频率信息结合的双向图像配准测度。首先,以原参考图像为参考,计算出正向变换下图像的区域互信息和Gabor滤波后的得到局部频率 信息;同时,以输入图像为参考图像,计算出逆变换下的逆向互信息和局部频率信息。将正向与逆向变换下的互信息和局部频率信息各自相乘后求和,减去两幅图像对应的配准残 量,得到双向图像配准度量,用于对输入图像进行配准。仿真实验结果在验证分析结果的同时也表明,方法对图像噪声、分辨率等具有较高的鲁棒性,可有效提高配准的精度。     

基于半实物仿真的电路板故障注入系统设计与实现

为了满足某型装备电路板测试性与诊断设计评价的需求,提出了一种基于DSP技术,利用半实物仿真方式实现的故障注入系统;该系统以TMS320C5416系列DSP器件为核心器件,利用CPLD扩展外部电路,主控计算机与该系统的通信通过USB接口实现,在故障注入时通过半实物仿真模式实现对电路板典型故障的注入;通过对典型电路的故障注入试验表明,该系统可靠性高,配置灵活,使用方便;目前该系统已经在工程实践中得到应用,效果明显,对提高电路板测试性设计水平具有重要意义。     

Numerical and experimental investigations in electromagnetic riveting with different rivet dies

In this work, the numerical simulations and electromagnetic riveting (EMR) experiments were conducted to investigate microstructure evolution and the forming mechanism of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs). And the effects of rivet dies on microstructure distributions in formed heads and mechanical properties of riveted structures were systematically explored. The impact velocity and deformation distribution results demonstrated that the proposed numerical method was accurate and reliable. The simulation results showed the slope angle of rivet dies notably affected the plastic flow of materials, and then determined the microstructure distribution in formed heads. The combined effects of inhomogeneous plastic flow and thermal softening were accounted for the forming of ASBs. The formed heads had two obvious ASBs (upper and lower ASB) for the 40° rivet die and flat rivet die. The formed heads only had the lower ASB and no clear upper for the 60° rivet die and 80° rivet die. The pull-out test results showed that the specific rivet die could improve the mechanical properties of the EMR joints, which contribute to the engineering applications of EMR riveted structures.