Engineering software-multichip routing and placement

The demands being placed on CAD systems by current advances in packaging technology, in particular, the need to design interconnecting networks for thin-film multichip modules (MCMs), are discussed. The approaches embodied in several recently developed software packages are described. These include interactive placement and routing, warping, shape-based routing, rubber-band routing, and correct by design. The role of concurrent engineering in the design process is examined     

积极推广炉外精炼技术,促进小转炉品种钢的发展

通过分析河北省小转炉企业工艺装备特点和华北地区金属制品市场的状况，阐述了炉外精炼技术对发展品种钢的必要性，并对适合于我省现状的炉外精炼技术进行了分析。     

弹性波有限元反时偏移

反时声波偏移法近来赢得了人们的普遍承认.与常规深度外推偏移法相比,这种方法所据有的便利之一是,它实际上对构造的倾角无任何限制,因此这种方法可用于复杂地质构造.基于反时外推的概念以及有限元技术,我们推导出了叠前对P波和S波同时偏移的表达式.本文列举了四个合成例子:(1)位于弹性半空间上的一水平弹性层,(2)位于弹性半空间上的一倾斜弹性层,(3)位于弹性半空间上的倾斜与水平弹性层的组合层,(4)弹性半空间上的二弹性层.现有的弹性波反时偏移算法从结果上来看是能处理复杂地质模型的.     

识别在线手写汉字的模糊属性自动机

本文提出一种识别在线手写汉字笔划的模糊属性自动机,为汉字识别打下了基础.汉字 的笔划由笔段构成,利用笔段的长度信息,借助模糊信息处理方法,以不变嵌入原理为着眼点, 提出一种模糊属性文法及其相应的模糊属性自动机.这种文法在句法形式上是有限状态文法, 但语义规则中包含上下文的信息,其能力大大超过有限状态文法,相应的自动机能有效地识别 笔划.经对大量在线手写汉字的识别,表明了模糊属性自动机的实用性.     

Impaired alloantigen-mediated T cell apoptosis and failure to induce long-term allograft survival in IL-2-deficient mice

We examined whether IL-2 regulates alloimmune responses by studying allograft survival in wild-type (IL-2+/+) and IL-2 gene-knockout (IL-2-/-) mice. The acute rejection of vascularized, cardiac allografts and the generation of allospecific CTLs were not impaired in the absence of IL-2. In contrast, blocking the B7-CD28 T cell costimulation pathway with CTLA4Ig induced long-term allograft survival (> 100 days) in IL-2+/+ recipients but failed to do so in IL-2-/- mice or in wild-type mice that had been treated with IL-2-neutralizing Ab around the time of transplantation. Allografts rejected by IL-2-/- recipients exhibited extensive mononuclear cell infiltrates despite CTLA4Ig administration. In vivo allostimulation in the absence of IL-2 led to exaggerated T lymphocyte proliferation and impaired apoptosis of activated T cells in untreated and CTLA4Ig-treated mice. These findings indicate that endogenous IL-2 is required for the induction of long-term allograft survival, and that IL-2 regulates alloimmune responses by preparing activated T lymphocytes for alloantigen-induced apoptosis.     

RDX含量对NC－DBP－RDX体系流变性和弹性效应的影响

运用Ｉｎｓｔｒｏｎ３２１１型毛细管流变仪研究了ＲＤＸ含量在０～４６．９％范围内，在不同温度下对ＮＣ－ＤＢＰ－ＲＤＸ体系流变性的影响，得到了各种流变规律；同时利用公差显微镜研究了ＲＤＸ含量在８０℃下对该体系弹性效应的影响规律。     

激光多功能Q调制技术及其实验研究

本文阐述了由一个Q调制器来完成通常的调Q、锁模、选模、削波等所有激光单元技术,即多功能Q调制技术的概念与理沦。并综合给出了有关实验研究结果。     

药芯焊丝的发展及其制造技术

随着焊接生产中的发展，市场的需要，以及药芯焊丝本身的优越性，近年来药芯焊丝的研制有了很大的发展，表现出无限的活力，这已为世界多国焊材生产的事实证实。我国现已处于发展阶段，应总结国内外的有益经验，以加速我国药芯焊线事业的进步。     

差分式连续时间CMOS OTA-C双二阶滤波器

应用信号流图法，提出了一种新颖的差分式连续时间电压模式CMOS跨导-电害双二阶滤波器，系统地生成了各种差分式电压模式二阶滤波器；讨论了滤波器的极点特征参数与灵敏度；面向实际电路完成了MOS管级的计算机仿真．仿真结果表明所提出的电路方案正确有效．适于全集成。     

Two isozymes of P450nor of Cylindrocarpon tonkinense: molecular cloning of the cDNAs and genes, expressions in the yeast, and the putative NAD(P)H-binding site

The cDNAs and genes for two isozymes of cytochrome P450nor of the fungus Cylindrocarpon tonkinense, P450nor1 and P450nor2, were cloned and sequenced. Their deduced amino acid sequences respectively showed 83 and 70% identity to that of P450nor of Fusarium oxysporum, and 69% identity to each other. The genes for P450nor1 and P450nor2 were termed, respectively, CYP 55A2 and CYP 55A3. The cDNA for P450nor1 contained a targeting-like presequence upstream the N-terminus of mature protein whereas that for P450nor2 did not, suggesting their different intracellular localisations. We also succeeded in expressing these P450nor isoforms in the host-vector system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We purified one of the recombinant proteins, P450nor of F oxysporum. Little difference could be observed between the native and recombinant proteins in catalytic and spectroscopic properties. We constructed chimeric proteins of P450nor of F oxysporum and P450nor2 which are different in their specificity against the electron donors: reduced pyridine nucleotides. The specificity of chimeric proteins against NADH/NADPH showed that the specificity is determined by the N-terminal half of protein. We found a consensus amino acid sequence between three isoforms of P450nor, A-X-G-X-X-A, similar to the NAD-binding motif G-X-G-X-X-G/A in the region that corresponds to the B'-helix in P450cam.