基于间歇测量的状态估计稳定性和精度研究*

针对分布式控制系统状态估计过程出现的测量值丢失问题,本文量化分析测量值丢失对估计稳定性和精度的影响。首先,根据随机测量模型重新推导带测量值丢失的卡尔曼滤波器,得到估计误差协方差迭代式。然后,将随机误差协方差迭代式建模为修正的黎卡提微分方程,提出了估计稳定性和精度分析方法。最后,列举不同的系统实例,证明临界包到达率的存在性,当测量值到达率大于临界值时,平均误差协方差从发散过渡到有界,进而得到估计精度与包达率之间的函数关系。     

二十八烷醇的研究进展

本文介绍了二十八烷醇的来源、理化性质、提取工艺以及二十八烷醇的生理功能,概括了二十八烷醇在医药、食品、化妆品和饲料等多个领域中的应用进展。     

聚氨酯在聚合物电解质中的应用进展

简述了聚合物电解质的特点和发展前景,介绍了聚醚型聚氨酯、聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯、聚丙烯腈改性聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯作为聚合物电解质基体材料的最新研究进展。聚氨酯由于其性能优良,作为聚合物电解质基体材料具有良好的研究和开发前景,特别是聚合物电解质作为新型锂离子二次电池的电解质材料具有非常大的发展潜力。     

生物膜载体吸附剂对Zn2+的吸附

本文对生物膜吸附Zn^2＋的行为进行了准一级动力学方程和Elovich模型方程的拟合，对实验测定的吸附等温线用Langmuir与Freundlich吸附模型进行拟合；考察了pH值及温度对生物膜吸附Zn^2＋的影响。结果表明，Zn^2＋在生物膜载体吸附剂上的吸附动力学过程与Elovich方程有较好的拟合度，R^2=0．99994。单一等温吸附过程与Langmuir方程具有较好的拟合度，R^2=0．99785；pH=6～8，室温25℃对Zn^2＋分有较高的去除率。     

The compatibility of the blends of PUs with PVC and the adhesion behavior of PU to PVC

Three series of polyurethane adhesives—polyethyleneadipateurethane (PEAU), polybuthyleneadipateurethane (PBAU), and polyhexyleneadipateurethane (PHAU)—with the same MW and hard/soft segment ratio, based on the three polyesters polyethyleneadipate (PEA), polybuthyleneadipate (PBA), polyhexyleneadipate (PHA), with 4,4′-diphnylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and butendiol were synthesized by solution polymerization. The crystallinity of these polyesters and polyurethanes (PUs) and the compatibility of blends of PUs with PVC were studied by means of wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA), testing of solubility, and phase contrast microscopy. The results indicated that PBAU/PVC and PHAU/PVC were compatible systems, but PEAU/PVC was incompatible. The adhesive strengths of the three adhesives were quite different from one another, in the order of PBAU ≥ PHAU ? PEAU. The influences of crystallinity and compatibility on adhesion were discussed, and the Diffusion Theory for PU-PVC systems was recommended. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Benzene Alkylation with Propane over Mo Modified HZSM-5

Benzene alkylation with propane has been studied over HZSM-5 loading 3.1–15.4 wt% Mo in continuous-flow microreactor under 350 °C and atmospheric pressure with the highest activity obtained at 6.7 wt% Mo loading. C_7–9 aromatics were obtained as main products while the total amount of benzene rings kept unchanged. i-Propylbenzene and n-propylbenzene are formed primarily, while toluene, ethylbenzene, and ethyl-toluene are formed secondly from the propylbenzenes. Catalytic performance of 6.7 wt% Mo/HZSM-5(38) partially poisoned by NH₃ shows that the strong acid sites play a crucial role in the alkylation. Low SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio of HZSM-5 in the Mo modified catalysts gives high propane conversion. Two hydrothermal treatment methods were applied to the 6.7 wt% Mo/HZSM-5(38) catalyst, caused decrease of propane conversion but result in different product distribution. A possible reaction mechanism concerning bifunctional active centers resulted from combination of loaded Mo species and strong acid centers on HZSM-5 is proposed.     

A paraffin-fueled SOFC system design and integration

This paper addresses an integrated design of paraffin-reformer, gas separations and the electricity production with a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The overall design consists of three modules. First module is a system of paraffin reformer. In this module, the paraffin feed stream is to send to a steam-reformer. In the second module, the gas separations method illustrated is the combination of a methane-permeable membrane with a pressure-swing adsorption (PSA). In the third module, the purified hydrogen is fed to the SOFC unit. To be energy efficient, this paraffin-fueled SOFC system is designed with the consideration of heat integration. The intent of this paper is to provide a possible, alternative way of cogeneration systems for refinery and petrochemical plants.     

Low temperature SCR of NO with NH3 over carbon nanotubes supported vanadium oxides

A novel multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNTs) supported vanadium catalyst was prepared. The structure of catalyst prepared was characterized by TEM, BET, FTIR, XRD and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) methods. The results indicated that vanadium particles were highly dispersed on the wall of carbon nanotubes. The V₂O₅/CNT catalysts showed good activities in the SCR of NO with a temperature range of 373–523 K. The Lewis acid sites on the surface of V₂O₅/CNT are the active sites for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH₃ at low temperatures. It was suggested that the reaction path might involve the adsorbed NH₃ species reacted with NO from gaseous phase and as well as the adsorbed NO₂ species. The diameter of CNTs showed positive effect on the activities of the catalysts. Under the reaction conditions of 463 K, 0.1 Mpa, NH₃/NO = 1, GHSV = 35,000 h⁻¹, and V₂O₅ loading of 2.35 wt%, the outer diameter of CNTs of 60–100 nm, the NO conversion was 92%.     

基于CDT2000 I/O口的A/D转换系统设计

为实现传感器数据快速、高精度地转换,提出了一种采用AD7891芯片的A/D转换系统的设计方法。数据读、写和并行工作时序通过CDT2000 I/O口控制,CDT2000 I/O口的电位变化由PC/104通过总线操作。在AD7891与CDT2000之间添加JK触发器实现对A/D转换完成的识别。试验结果表明,这种方法能够满足数据采集系统的设计要求,并且在硬件上较容易实现。     

水声传感阵列指向性与系统传输性能研究

针对浅海水声通信中水汽界面和海底的反射产生多途效应对信号传输的影响,依据水下声传输原理,分析了水声信道中的噪声特点和产生多途效应机理,研究水声信道中声传感器指向性与传输性能关系,探讨水声传感阵列方式在水下通信环境的优势,设计合理的阵元间连接形式、阵列驱动电路和阻抗匹配电路,保证有效的功率耦合效率。经水下试验测试表明:采用一定指向性的声阵列结构,利用单个阵元波束宽度小于10°,构成阵列结构的波束宽度小于30°,并进行一定阻抗匹配,可减小能量损失,有效提高水声通信系统性能。