Significance of Wood Terpenoids in the Resistance of Scots Pine Provenances Against the Old House Borer, Hylotrupes bajulus, and Brown-Rot Fungus, Coniophora puteana

We tested how terpenoid (i.e., monoterpenes and resin acids) composition and concentration in wood affects resistance against wood-borers and decaying fungi. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) wood from nine provenances having variable terpenoid profiles was studied against the old house borer, Hylotrupes bajulus, and the decay fungus, Coniophora puteana. Provenances represented a 1200-km N-S transect from Estonia to northern Finland, but they were all cultivated for 7 years in the same nursery field, in central Finland. Mean relative growth rate (MRGR) of small H. hajulus larvae positively correlated with the total monoterpene concentration of wood, and feeding was associated with high proportion of levopimaric+palustric acid in wood. Provenance did not affect the MRGR of small or big larvae, but big larvae consumed more wood and produced more frass on the northern Ylitornio trees than on the southern Rakvere and Ruokolahti trees. Low beta-pinene and total monoterpene concentration and low beta: alpha-pinene ratio in wood were all associated with a high number of eggs. The most northern Muonio provenance was the most favored as an oviposition site, differing significantly from Saaremaa, Tenhola, and Suomussalmi. Wood from Saaremaa, Tenhola, Ruokolahti, and Suomussalmi provenance was most resistant against decay fungus, differing significantly from that of Kinnula provenance. However, decay resistance was not clearly associated with the concentrations of wood terpenoids. These results suggest that monoterpene composition of wood affects resistance against wood-boring Cerambycid beetles, but resistance against wood-decaying fungi is not as clearly associated with wood terpenoids.     

快速建立数据传输路径的谣传路由协议改进

针对无线传感器网络谣传路由协议(Rumor Routing Protocol,RRP)在生成数据传输路径的过程中,消息传播节点随机选择下一跳邻居节点发送消息所形成的数据传输路径可能出现回路现象、交叉现象以及查询流量大等问题,提出一种改进的谣传路由协议(NM-RRP),该协议通过在代理消息和查询消息中记录消息经过的节点及其邻居节点来选择下一跳节点,并且对消息传输经过节点的邻居节点留下信息,避免随机选择节点发送消息。实验证明,改进后的算法能有效避免消息在某个节点附近产生传播、回路及交叉等现象,并能够快速建立数据传输路径。     

高密度电阻率法在邢台某采空区沉降评价中的应用

在前人利用高密度电阻率法探测地下采空区工作的基础上,基于采空区在沉降作用下形成的破坏＂三带＂的结构特点,依据其导电性差异,分析了利用高密度电阻率法查明采空区＂三带＂分布的可行性,并提出,利用该方法不仅可圈定出地下采空区的位置,又能查明采空区沉降评价所需＂三带＂的分布特征。实践表明,高密度电阻率法是采空区沉降评价中低耗高效,信息丰富,探测精度高的行之有效的探测技术。     

Chemical Defense in the Plant Bug Lopidea robiniae (Uhler)

Secretions from the metathoracic glands (MTG) of the black locust bug, Lopidea robiniae (Uhler) (Heteroptera: Miridae) contained six major compounds, including (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-octen-1-ol (E)-2-heptenal, and (Z)-3-octen-1-ol. Males and females did not differ significantly in the relative compositions of identified compounds. In feeding trials, six bird species [robin (Turdus migratorious), blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata), brown thrasher (Toxostoma rufum), killdeer (Charadrius vociferus), starling (Sturnus vulgaris), and house wren (Troglodytes aedon)] demonstrated feeding aversions towards L. robiniae, implying that black locust bugs are chemically defended. Bugs discharged the liquid contents of their MTG when attacked, thereby producing a strong and distinct odor. Some birds immediately ejected bugs out of their mouth after biting them, suggesting that the MTG secretion was a deterrent.     

新的广谱内吸β—甲氧基丙烯酸类杀菌剂嘧菌酯（ICIA5504）

ICI A 5504是高效广谱杀菌剂,化学名称为(E)-2-[2-[6-(2-氰基苯氧基)嘧啶-4-基氧]苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯。在温室活体试验表明,本品对主要的子囊菌、担子菌、半知菌和卵菌等植物病原菌的LC_(95)均<1毫克有效成分/升。本品有新的作用方式,对14-脱     

大中型立式泵站三维检修系统开发与应用

针对泵站机组进行全面解体检查和检修间隔时间较长,许多员工无法参与现场培训的问题,结合江苏省泰州引江河管理处高港泵站,设计并开发泵站机组三维检修系统。该系统结合三维动画技术、智能交互技术和虚拟现实技术,实现了以三维动画展现机组各零部件装配检修过程,训练专业人员熟练掌握机组各零部件装配检修工艺和实际动手操作的能力,并定期对培训人员进行考核,真正实现模拟实训功能,能够对泵站的状态检修技术起到极大的推进作用。     

Seasonal factors influencing the failure of buried water reticulation pipes

While the use of environmental factors in the analysis and prediction of failures of buried reticulation pipes in cold environments has been the focus of extensive work, the same cannot be said for failures occurring on pipes in other (non-freezing) environments. A novel analysis of pipe failures in such an environment is the subject of this paper. An exploratory statistical analysis was undertaken, identifying a peak in failure rates during mid to late summer. This peak was found to correspond to a peak in the rate of circumferential failures, whilst the rate of longitudinal failures remained constant. Investigation into the effect of climate on failure rates revealed that the peak in failure rates occurs due to differential soil movement as the result of shrinkage in expansive soils.     

人工湖优化设计方法

针对防洪治涝工程设计规划中人工湖布局缺乏明确的技术依据问题,为了提高人工湖调蓄洪水的功效,优化城市防洪治涝体系,分析了人工湖对河道洪水过程的影响和防洪调蓄的功效。通过系统优化分析,提出了人工湖面积和布置位置的确定方法。实例说明,提出的人工湖优化设计方法简单有效,可供城市防洪治涝工程规划设计参考。     

调频连续波高度表的计算机仿真

介绍了使用SPW软件对调频连续波高度表进行计算机仿真的情况,包括高度表的工作原理、数学模型的建立和和性能仿真等内容,并给出了定性和定量的仿真结果.仿真主要针对噪声信道和理想信道,在VHF/UHF波段及S波段进行了模拟测高,结果表明工作频率对高度表的测高精度影响不大,但宽带调频高度衷具有更好的测高精度和更强的抗干扰能力.     

High resolution X-ray phase contrast synchrotron imaging of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerves

This study was performed to apply synchrotron radiation (SR) imaging to a neuropathologic evaluation technique after treatment of peripheral nerve blocks. A phase contrast synchrotron images of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve were obtained with an 8 KeV monochromatic beam and 20-mum thick CsI(TI) scintillation crystal. The visual image was magnified using a 20x microscope objective and captured using an analog CCD camera. Obtained images were compared with conventional light microscopic findings from the same nerve samples. By using an edge enhancement effect of phase const with SR, we could easily discriminate each nerve fiber and identify the arrangement of nerve fibers within a whole thickness (about 1 mm in diameter) of peripheral nerve without sectioning and fixation. The composite SR image of a ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve sample showed that the response to nerve injury was different on each side of the site of injury. The SR image of damaged distal lesion showed destruction of neural microarchitecture and typical extensive Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers as clearly as histologic image. We could get very detailed morphologic data for Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers by using the SR imaging technique. We believe that the phase contrast synchrotron imaging has great potential as an imaging tool in the bioscience and medical science.