Pyroelectric properties and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of R.F. magnetron-sputtering-derived PZT thin films deposited on various interlayers

PZT thin films and interlayers were fabricated by the radio frequency (r.f.) Magnetron-sputtering from the Pb_1.1Zr_0.53Ti_0.47O₃, PbO and TiO₂ target. As a result of the XPS depth profile analysis, we can confirm that the substrate temperature affects the oxidation condition of each element of interlayers and the PZT film. Compared to the PZT/Pt structure, the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of PZT thin films inserted by interlayers were measured to a relatively high value. In particular, the PZT/PbO structure had the highest pyroelectric properties (P = 189.4 μC/cm²K; F _D = 12.7×10⁻⁶ Pa^−1/2; F _V = 0.018 m²/C).     

脉冲爆震发动机试验模型测控系统设计与实现

针对新型推进系统脉冲爆震发动机试验模型的多通道高速采集和实时控制的要求，设计并实现了发动机的实时测控系统．并重点介绍了系统的软硬件体系结构以及抗干扰、网络通讯及数据库存储等关键技术；经实际应用表明。系统实时性强，可靠性高，满足试验模型对高速采集和控制时间的要求。     

一种三自由度并联机器人机构的运动学分析

1引言 并联机器人具有输出精度高、结构刚性好、承载能力强、部件简单及运动学反解简单等许多串联机器人所没有的优点,近年来引起了机器人研究者的高度重视.其中,六自由度并联机器人方面的研究已比较深入和成熟.三自由度并联机器人是一种很有实用前景的机器人,也越来越多地引起人们的注意.三自由度并联机器人包括平面三自由度并联机器人,球面三自由度并联机器人和空间三自由度并联机器人.球面三自由度并联机器人能够实现运动平台三维转动,是一种角台形式,由静角台、动角台和三组具有一定弧度的连杆架和连杆构成,各联接处均采用转动副.这种机构结构复杂、设计困难。     

Processing of Net‐shaped Nanocrystalline Fe‐Ni Material

Development of nanoparticulate materials technology is essential to processing of highly functional nanoparticulate materials and components with small and complex shape. This paper provides an overview on our recent investigations on the processing of net‐shaped nanocrystalline Fe‐Ni powder and related material property such as mechanical property. The key‐processing concept is the synthesis of nanopowders and subsequent consolidation with controlled microstructure by using powder injection molding (PIM) process. Especially, the pressureless sintering process is inevitable for consolidation of the PIMed nanopowder. The present review focuses on the densification process and related mechanical property of the PIMed Fe‐Ni nanopowder in association with microstructural evolution and diffusion process.     

用RCR特征和NN识别实时手绘工程草图

针对实时手绘工程草图(简称手绘草图)的识别，引入草图重心、重径距和正规化重径(RCR)等图形特征概念，提出手绘草图的神经网识别方法．该方法以图素具有统计意义的正规化重径作为特征、以图素交叉方式组织正规化重径的值作为学习样本，应用弹力传播的Rprop算法训练BP神经网，一次训练即可得到能够识别任意倾角和位置手绘草图图素的识别器．从而达到了理想的识别效果．     

基于智能工程的钟表CAD系统的研究与设计

基于智能工程的思想，提出了一种并行分层结构的集成化智能ＣＡＤ系统，并在钟表ＣＡＤ中得到成功应用，同时还首次将布局理论应用到钟表机芯设计中。     

合理开发可再生资源的Leslie模型

首先把〔１〕提出的Ｌｅｓｌｉｅ模型推广到对可再生资源进行捕获的情形，并得到类似结果。利用所建模型成功地解决了ＣＭＣＭ９６Ａ题中的问题１。     

Quantification of micro-cracks on the bending surface of roll formed products using the GTN model

With the rising interest in lightweight construction, the usage of high strength steel has increased remarkably during the last years. Unfortunately, there is manufacturing problem: high strength steel has a higher occurrence rate of cracks than mild steel. The Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) model is used to precisely predict the occurrence of cracks in roll forming. The flow stress and the GTN material parameters are identified using a load-displacement curve obtained from tensile test. In detail, the material parameters that have to be determined were selected and based on this 3-level orthogonal array is made. The coefficients of the objective function are derived using the response surface method with the orthogonal array based on the simulation results. The material parameters are obtained by minimizing the objective function and determined by comparing the simulation and test results. The reliability of the material parameters determined by the tensile test increased through cross-validation using the bending test. The roll forming simulation with the determined parameters is fulfilled, and the experiments are performed to determine the occurrence of micro-cracks according to bending angles. Micro-cracks are quantified by comparing the void volume fraction (f) from the GTN model, and the micro-cracks on the surface are measured using a scanning-electron-microscope.     

Extraction and characterization of pectin from Yuza (Citrus junos) pomace: A comparison of conventional-chemical and combined physical–enzymatic extractions

Pectin from Yuza (Citrus junos) pomace was extracted by using combined physical and enzymatic (CPE) treatment, and their characteristics were compared with those of chemically-extracted pectin. Their physico-chemical and thermo-mechanical properties were also investigated in a wheat flour–water system. The CPE extraction produced pectin with 55% of galaturonic acid and the extraction yield was 7.3%. Also, the pectin obtained by CPE extraction exhibited a higher degree of esterification (46%) than chemically-extracted pectin (41%), which was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. When the pectin solutions were subjected to steady-shear conditions, both samples had shear-thinning properties while high apparent viscosity was observed in the chemically-extracted pectin. Even though the use of both pectins raised the pasting parameters of wheat flour as well as its gelatinization temperature, less change in the pasting properties was found in the wheat flour–water system containing the pectin prepared by CPE treatment. The Mixolab results demonstrated that during mechanical shearing and thermal treatments, the dough samples containing chemically-extracted pectin exhibited enhanced mixing stability, strong protein network structure, and increased peak viscosity.