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81.
Konstantin O. Nagornov Oleg Y. Tsybin Edith Nicol Anton N. Kozhinov Yury O. Tsybin 《Mass spectrometry reviews》2022,41(2):314-337
Ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) cells provide stability and coherence of ion oscillations in crossed electric and magnetic fields over extended periods of time. Using the Fourier transform enables precise measurements of ion oscillation frequencies. These precisely measured frequencies are converted into highly accurate mass-to-charge ratios of the analyte ions by calibration procedures. In terms of resolution and mass accuracy, Fourier transform ICR mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) offers the highest performance of any MS technology. This is reflected in its wide range of applications. However, in the most challenging MS application, for example, imaging, enhancements in the mass accuracy of fluctuating ion fluxes are required to continue advancing the field. One approach is to shift the ion signal power into the peak corresponding to the true cyclotron frequency instead of the reduced cyclotron frequency peak. The benefits of measuring the true cyclotron frequency include increased tolerance to electric fields within the ICR cell, which enhances frequency measurement precision. As a result, many attempts to implement this mode of FT-ICR MS operation have occurred. Examples of true cyclotron frequency measurements include detection of magnetron inter-harmonics of the reduced cyclotron frequency (i.e., the sidebands), trapping field-free (i.e., screened) ICR cells, and hyperbolic ICR cells with quadrupolar ion detection. More recently, ICR cells with spatially distributed ion clouds have demonstrated attractive performance characteristics for true cyclotron frequency ion detection. Here, we review the corresponding developments in FT-ICR MS over the past 40 years. 相似文献
82.
Konstantin V. Pochivalov Alexander N. Shilov Tatyana N. Lebedeva Anna N. Ilyasova Roman Yu. Golovanov Andrey V. Basko Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(15):50196
A detailed study of butyl rubber-based vibration damping formulations linking their composition, morphology, phase structure, viscosity, mechanical loss factor, and other characteristics is presented for the first time. High performance of the compositions including aromatic petroleum oil is explained by limited solubility of the plasticizer that leads to the formation of a highly-viscous emulsion (η20°C ≈ 1000 Pa·s) consisting of a swollen butyl rubber matrix and dispersed oil droplets in the broad composition range. Chalk is found to be the best inorganic filler as its spherical particles provide strong adhesion to the reinforcing layer of aluminum foil. Aiming to eliminate ecologically unfriendly aromatic compounds, a new low-cost binding agent formulation based on butyl rubber mixed with polyisobutylene and highly refined mineral oil is suggested. Being environmentally safe, it possesses high viscosity of 1000–3000 Pa·s, cohesion strength of 3.5–5.0 N/cm, penetration of 4.5–6.0 mm, and mechanical loss factor up to 0.34 at room temperature, which are as good as, or even better than, the properties of currently produced vibration damping materials containing aromatic compounds. New materials can be used in car and aircraft parts for effective vibration isolation. 相似文献
83.
Mikhail V. Dubinin Eugeny Yu. Talanov Kirill S. Tenkov Vlada S. Starinets Natalia V. Belosludtseva Konstantin N. Belosludtsev 《International journal of molecular sciences》2020,21(22)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe hereditary disease caused by a lack of dystrophin, a protein essential for myocyte integrity. Mitochondrial dysfunction is reportedly responsible for DMD. This study examines the effect of glucocorticoid deflazacort on the functioning of the skeletal-muscle mitochondria of dystrophin-deficient mdx mice and WT animals. Deflazacort administration was found to improve mitochondrial respiration of mdx mice due to an increase in the level of ETC complexes (complexes III and IV and ATP synthase), which may contribute to the normalization of ATP levels in the skeletal muscle of mdx animals. Deflazacort treatment improved the rate of Ca2+ uniport in the skeletal muscle mitochondria of mdx mice, presumably by affecting the subunit composition of the calcium uniporter of organelles. At the same time, deflazacort was found to reduce the resistance of skeletal mitochondria to MPT pore opening, which may be associated with a change in the level of ANT2 and CypD. In this case, deflazacort also affected the mitochondria of WT mice. The paper discusses the mechanisms underlying the effect of deflazacort on the functioning of mitochondria and contributing to the improvement of the muscular function of mdx mice. 相似文献
84.
Irek I. Mukhamatdinov Sergey A. Sitnov Olga V. Slavkina Konstantin A. Bugaev Alexander V. Laikov 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2019,37(12):1410-1416
In this paper, we investigated the influence of steam treatment on structural group composition of resins and asphaltenes of heavy oil. The object of investigation was oil-saturated rocks from Riphean-Vendian complex. The extracted crude oil was determined as a high-viscous fluid. The resins and asphaltenes destructed in a small extent due to thermal treatment. The oil-soluble iron-based catalyst intensified the destructive processes. The content of sulfur compounds (-SO) in resins and asphaltenes drastically decreased due to reduction reaction of sulfoxide to sulfide and hydrogen sulfide. The results showed that catalytic aquathermolysis, even at low temperature ranges, promoted the cracking reaction of most macromolecular components and increased the content of light fractions of heavy oil. Consequently, it reduced its viscosity. 相似文献
85.
Konstantin Zimenko Andrey Polyakov Denis Efimov Wilfrid Perruquetti 《International journal of control》2020,93(6):1353-1361
ABSTRACTControl laws are designed for stabilisation of a chain of integrators of arbitrary degree in finite and fixed time. Presented control laws are obtained with use of Lyapunov function method and homogeneity concept. The present analysis is based on use of explicitly defined Lyapunov function that is the hallmark with respect to similar works. This analysis allows to get simple procedure of parameters tuning and obtain new estimates for settling-time function. The theoretical results are supported by numerical examples. 相似文献
86.
Managing production systems where production rates change over time due to learning and forgetting effects poses a major challenge to researchers and practitioners alike. This task becomes especially difficult if learning and forgetting effects interact across different stages in multi-stage production systems as rigid production management rules are unable to capture the dynamic character of constantly changing production rates. In a comprehensive simulation study, this paper first investigates to which extent typical key performance indicators (KPIs), such as the number of setups, in-process inventory, or cycle time, are affected by learning and forgetting effects in serial multi-stage production systems. The paper then analyses which parameters of such production systems are the main drivers of these KPIs when learning and forgetting occur. Lastly, it evaluates how flexible production control based on Goldratt’s Optimised Production Technology can maximise the benefits learning offers in such systems. The results of the paper indicate that learning and forgetting only have a minor influence on the number of setups in serial multi-stage production systems. The influence of learning and forgetting on in-process inventory and cycle time, in contrast, is significant, but ambiguous in case of in-process inventory. The proposed buffer management rules are shown to effectively counteract this ambiguity. 相似文献
87.
Scientometrics - In the original publication of the article, the project ID was published incorrectly in the Acknowledgements section. The correct Acknowledgement is given in this correction. 相似文献
88.
Alexander Victorovich Gonchar Konstantin Vladimirovich Kurashkin Olga Vyacheslavovna Andreeva Maxim Sergeevich Anosov Vyacheslav Alexandrovich Klyushnikov 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2022,45(1):101-112
Nondestructive evaluation methods provide additional information about the material fatigue behavior and enhance the comprehension of damage evolution thanks to relationship between microstructure and physical properties. This paper deals with optical and ultrasonic investigations of structural steel specimens tested for low-cycle fatigue. The development of persistent slip bands observed on the surface with an optical microscope was quantified using a previously trained neural network and fractal analysis. A surface damage parameter was defined as the ratio of total area of detected slip bands to the area of observed surface. Relationships between the rate of change and critical value of the damage parameter, the strain range, and the fatigue life were established. A single square relationship between relative number of cycles and ratio of the surface damage parameter to its critical value was obtained. Acoustic birefringence was measured by the echo method. The effect of the strain range on the rate of change in acoustic birefringence was investigated. A single linear relationship between relative number of cycles and change in acoustic birefringence was established. An algorithm for predicting the material remaining life, combining optical and ultrasonic data, was proposed. 相似文献
89.
Alexey Kuznetsov Eduard Moiseev Artem N. Abramov Nikita Fominykh Vladislav A. Sharov Valeriy M. Kondratev Ivan I. Shishkin Konstantin P. Kotlyar Demid A. Kirilenko Vladimir V. Fedorov Svetlana A. Kadinskaya Alexandr A. Vorobyev Ivan S. Mukhin Aleksey V. Arsenin Valentyn S. Volkov Vasily Kravtsov Alexey D. Bolshakov 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(28):2301660
Emerging technologies for integrated optical circuits demand novel approaches and materials. This includes a search for nanoscale waveguides that should satisfy criteria of high optical density, small cross-section, technological feasibility and structural perfection. All these criteria are met with self-assembled gallium phosphide (GaP) epitaxial nanowires. In this work, the effects of the nanowire geometry on their waveguiding properties are studied both experimentally and numerically. Cut-off wavelength dependence on the nanowire diameter is analyzed to demonstrate the pathways for fabrication of low-loss and subwavelength cross-section waveguides for visible and near-infrared (IR) ranges. Probing the waveguides with a supercontinuum laser unveils the filtering properties of the nanowires due to their resonant action. The nanowires exhibit perfect elasticity allowing fabrication of curved waveguides. It is demonstrated that for the nanowire diameters exceeding the cut-off value, the bending does not sufficiently reduce the field confinement promoting applicability of the approach for the development of nanoscale waveguides with a preassigned geometry. Optical X-coupler made of two GaP nanowires allowing for spectral separation of the signal is fabricated. The results of this work open new ways for the utilization of GaP nanowires as elements of advanced photonic logic circuits and nanoscale interferometers. 相似文献
90.
Electronic Markets - To augment traditional monetization strategies, digital platform providers increasingly draw on gamblification (i.e., the use of gambling design elements). By means of gambling... 相似文献