Special Issue on “Adaptive Global Net: Vision Towards a Modern Communication Infrastructure”

Users' and applications' security requirements have been evaluated and described in this paper. Five issues of user and application security have been discussed. These issues deal with the aspects of ease-of-use, privacy, authentication, user rights and advertising. Then solutions have been proposed using existing protocols and a new concept of adaptive security is proposed and discussed for a foolproof security from user prospective.     

Distributed call processing for personal communications services

The authors present a control architecture, procedures, and a signaling system to support advanced personal communication services (PCS). They describe the current cellular system architecture, and its algorithms and data management schemes for providing services. They present review how current cellular systems operate with a focus on mobility management and call and connection control. The benefits of this architecture include lower signaling traffic over wireless links, lower network load for signaling traffic, low call/connection delivery times, ubiquitous service offering, and more efficient routing of connections     

Fusion Multistyle Training for Speaker Identification of Disguised Speech

Wireless Personal Communications - Determining the speaker of a given speech utterance from a group of people is referred to as speaker identification. When voice disguising is done by a person,...     

A Backdrop Case Study of AI-Drones in Indian Demographic Characteristics Emphasizing the Role of AI in Global Cities Digitalization

The automatic identification of the modulation format of a detected signal is a major task of an intelligent receiver in both military and civilian applications. It is well known that the maximum likelihood (ML) classifier requires a priori knowledge of the incoming signal and channel (including amplitude, timing information, noise power, and the roll-off factor of the pulse-shaping filter). To relax this requirement, we introduce a novel estimator to estimate the parameters required by the ML classifier which is blind to the modulation scheme of the received signal, and this gives rise to a new blind modulation classifier for digital amplitude-phase modulated signals. While the proposed classifier is completely blind, the simulation results show that the performance of this classifier is very close to the optimal non-blind classifier.

     

Quantitative Estimate of Infrastructure Interdependence

The expanded deployment of smart objects in IoT applications is pushing existing IoT platform architectures and their security functionalities to their limits. Indeed, smart objects exhibit semi-autonomous behaviours, are not centrally controlled all the time and therefore need more dynamic approaches in protecting them against vulnerabilities and security incidents. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for securing the latest generation of IoT applications that involve smart objects, while illustrating its application in securing an Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) system that comprises socially assistive robots. The framework’s innovative aspects lie in the use of predictive analytics for anticipating the behaviour of smart objects, including abnormalities in their security behaviour. The importance of anticipating such abnormalities is validated, demonstrated and discussed in the context of the AAL application.

     

Application of AHP for Ranking of Total Productive Maintenance Pillars

Total Productive Maintenance—TPM is widely being used in industries for manufacturing excellence. TPM is based on its eight pillars. Successful Implementation of TPM from its kick-off to final stage depends on in-depth knowledge of these pillars. The purpose of the paper is to rank eight pillars of TPM according to their importance with respect to four parameters: Productivity, Cost, Quality and Delivery in Time, by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) a multiple criteria decision-making methodology. A pairwise comparison of TPM pillars is done by use of AHP method, by considering a case of automotive industries in India. Ranking of TPM pillars is proposed to set guidelines to decide the weightage of each pillar in terms of major factors to improve Overall Equipment Efficiency. This in terms will guide management to give proper preference and allocate fund at proper time to proper pillar. The ranking suggested suites for automotive sector and assembly lines. By varying the judgmental rating the new ranking can be obtained from the suggested guidelines on similar basis.     

Q-MOHRA: QoS Assured Multi-objective Hybrid Routing Algorithm for Heterogeneous WSN

Quality of Service (QoS) assurance in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a tough task, and it is more exciting due to the scarcity of resources. The requirement of different WSN applications running over has different constraints. In QoS, routing protocol the network has to balance the traffic. This paper presents a novel heuristic routing algorithm known as QoS assured Multi-objective Hybrid Routing Algorithm (Q-MOHRA) for Heterogeneous WSN. Q-MOHRA takes into account the link (energy, hop count, link quality indicator etc.) and path (jitter) metrics for optimal path selection. The performance of Q-MOHRA is evaluated through intensive simulation and equated with Simple Hybrid Routing Protocol (SHRP) and Dynamic Multi-objective Routing Algorithm (DyMORA). The metrics such as average energy consumption, residual energy, packet delivery ratio, jitter, and normalized routing load are used for comparison. The performance of Q-MOHRA has been observed to outclass SHRP and DyMORA. It improves the packet delivery ratio by 24.31% as compared to SHRP and 11.86% as compared to DyMORA. Q-MOHRA outperforms DyMORA in terms of average energy consumption by a factor of 8.27%.     

Challenges of eWALL Wireless Interoperability

Due to development of different technologies there has been significant improvement in quality of life. As a result of that, average person’s lifetime duration has been increased. That triggers the problem of independent living of senior citizens. One of the main concerns of the world today is how to enable senior citizens to live independently. As a response to that, systems like eWALL are being developed. eWALL for Active Long Living is a FP7 funded project and it aims to develop system which will enable elderly people to live independently. These systems consist of a large number of sensors which make wireless sensor network. In this paper, different wireless technologies that can be used for communication in systems that are designed to support independent living of elderly people, have been described. The most important focus is at wireless personal area network technologies, like ZigBee, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy and wireless local area network technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi). There are many obstacles in designing wireless sensor network and most of them concern energy efficiency and interoperability of different technologies that are being used for communication. The main challenge in the current technology world is tremendous increase of use of various wireless devices and technologies, which can cause relatively high interference, so that the wireless devices can stop working. Using cognitive radio in solving the interoperability problem of different wireless technologies in wireless sensor networks has become interesting research topic. In this paper, research on interoperability of different wireless technologies is presented. Using Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool wireless sensors network in home environment was modelled. Interference based on devices layout and activity was investigated. Also, possible improvements that can be made with cognitive radio are investigated and obtained results are given in this paper.     

Polymer assisted isolation of hydroxyapatite from Thunnus obesus bone

The combination of micro and nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) was isolated from Thunnus obesus bone via thermal calcination method in the presence of polymers such as poly ethylene glycol (PEG), poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (propylene glycol)-block-poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). The thermal stability, crystalline phase, chemical composition and morphology of the derived HAp were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The physicochemical characteristic examination revealed that derived HAp was coherent with standard HAp data. Moreover, FE-SEM depicted significant difference in the crystal size of HAp derived with thermal calcination, with and without added polymers. The crystallinity of HAp isolated in the presence of polymer was lower than that obtained in the absence of polymers. The biocompatibility of the derived HAp crystals was checked with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells by MTT assay and Hoechst-33342 staining. The biocompatibility of HAp derived by polymer assisted thermal calcination method revealed that it is less toxic as compared to HAp derived in the absence of polymer. As an inference, polymer assisted thermal calcination derived HAp is good in terms of the presence of combined micro and nanostructured HAp and its low toxicity will bring about new orthopaedic applications.     

Maximum Lifetime Routing Problem in Duty-Cycling Sensor Networks

In order to extend the lifetime of a wireless sensor network, the energy consumption of individual sensor nodes need to be minimized. This can be achieved by minimizing the idle listening time with duty cycling mechanism and/or minimizing the number of communications per node. The nodes will have different relay loads for different routing strategies: therefore, the routing problem is important factor in minimization of the number of communications per node. In this paper, we investigate achievable network lifetime with a routing mechanism on top of an existing duty-cycling scheme. To this end, we formulated the routing problem for duty-cycling sensor network as a linear programming problem with the objective of maximizing the network lifetime. Using the developed linear programming formulation, we investigate the relationship between network lifetime and duty-cycling parameter for different data generation rates and determine the minimum duty-cycling parameter that meets the application requirements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first mathematical programming formulation which addresses the maximum lifetime routing problem in duty-cycling sensor network. In order to illustrate the application of the analytical model, we solved the problem for different parameter settings.