Woven thin-film wire memories

Extraordinary advances in electronic computers can be expected with the development of newer types of quick-access memories. Much research is being carried out, at present, on the use of magnetic thin-films for magnetic memories. Since many elements must be employed, it is desirable that each bit be absolutely reliable, simple, inexpensive, and suitable for mass production. Through basic experiments, the authors have confirmed the possibility of utilizing a fine diameter wire whose surface has been continuously coated or electroplated with a ferromagnetic thin-film for high-speed memories. Sample woven-type memory matrices, 50 by 50 bits, 64 by 100 bits, and 100 by 100 bits, were constructed using 0.2-mm diameter coated wires for digit and sense circuit operation, and 0.07-mm insulated wires for the drive circuit operation. Tests on the relation between the writing, the drive pulse currents, and the output voltages revealed many superior features not found heretofore in other types of thin-film memories. Means are being devised for the weaving methods and for the elimination of mutual interference between adjacent bits. This paper also discusses the characteristics of the coated wire and the performance of samples constructed for practical use.     

New biconically tapered fiber star coupler fabricated by indirect heating method

A new biconically tapered fiber star coupler is developed. The fiber bundle is inserted in a quartz protection tube and the tube is heated with an oxyhydrogen burner while the fibers are twisted and pulled. The tube ends are then sealed with adhesive agent. Excess loss for the new coupler is approximatelylog_{10}mfor input/output fiber port numberm. Furthermore, the coupling ratio is almost independent of wavelength and polarization of incident light. The new fabrication method offers high reproducibility and stability.     

Idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis associated with diabetes mellitus: light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic study

The present study described 3 patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis associated with diabetes mellitus. Clinical characteristics of the 3 patients contrasted with diabetic glomerulosclerosis in the following manner: absence of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, and presence of nephrotic syndrome associated with relatively short duration of diabetes mellitus. Renal histology showed the characteristic changes of membranous glomerulonephritis along with those of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated a granular pattern of IgG and C3 deposits along the glomerular capillary wall. Electron microscopic study also demonstrated thickening of glomerular basement membrane and increase of mesangial matrix as well as the presence of electron-dense deposits primarily in the subepithelial and mesangial areas.     

Coordinated Stabilizing Control of Exciter, Turbine and Braking Resistor

Integrated and coordinated control of generator exciter, steam turbine and shunt braking resistor is described. These are controlled adaptively to derive the maximum benefits of transient and steady state stability for a wide range of operating conditions. Local and global inputs are fed into the two cascade-connected microcomputers utilized in the core of the proposed stabilizer. Practical schemes of excitation control, turbine governor control and shunt braking resistor switching as well as argorithms of coordinated control are described. A prototype of the stabilizer was designed, implemented and experimented upon. Significant improvements in stability limits were confirmed by laboratory and field tests.     

Deformation analysis of geotextiles in soils using the finite element method

This paper introduces a no-tension FEM analysis of the deformations of geotextile-reinforced embankments. The influence of the discontinuous plane between the geotextile and the soil must be taken into consideration in such an analysis. Goodman et al.¹ suggested the introduction of joint elements in order to analyze the influence of the discontinuous plane in the application of the finite element method. In the analysis presented, the above suggestion by Goodman et al. was extended so that the joint elements with a thickness of t were introduced between the geotextile and the soil. The geotextile was converted to plane truss elements which would resist tensile stress but not flexural stress. Pull-out testing was then carried out to study the stress and deformation of the geotextile in the soil. Large model tests were also conducted to study the effect of geotextiles in preventing the formation of bumps at bridge approach banks. The correlation of test results and analytical results obtained by the finite element method was confirmed.     

Medical Application of N2 Laser to Treatment for Dermatomycosis

The influence of N2 laser irradiation on eumycetes and the practical effect of the irradiation on the lesion of tinea pedis have been studied experimentally. It has been confirmed that the sterilizing effect of N2 laser may be used successfully for the medical treatment for dermatomycosis.     

Integrated multi-biosensors based on an ion-sensitive field-effecttransistor using photolithographic techniques

Two kinds of multifunctional biosensors, one sensitive to glucose and triolein and the other to glucose and urea, have been constructed using semiconductor fabrication techniques. An integrated ISFET (ion-sensitive field-effect transistor) with three hydrogen-ion-sensitive FET elements on one chip was used as a transducer for the biosensor. A photolithographic technique with a water-soluble photocrosslinkable polymer made possible the deposition of patterned enzyme membranes (glucose oxidase, lipase, and urease membranes) and bovine serum albumin membrane around each gate surface of ISFET elements. The multibiosensor for measuring glucose and triolein concentrations determined both glucose concentrations up to 5 mM and triolein concentrations up to 3 mM simultaneously. The biosensor for glucose and urea has a detection range of 0.03 to 3 mM for glucose and 0.1 to 20 mM for urea. Some multibiosensors showed a cross-sensitivity problem due to enzyme contamination. An improved membrane fabrication method to prevent the enzyme contamination is described     

Mechanism of enhancement effect of dendrimer on transdermal drug permeation through polyhydroxyalkanoate matrix

The possible application of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) for tamsulosin was previously reported. PHAs containing the drugs, ketoprofen, clonidine and tamsulosin showed good adhesiveness to the skin model used, that is, shed snake skin, and dispersed well all model drugs tested. The model drugs hardly permeated through snake skin in solution form. However, these drugs permeated well through snake skin from the PHA matrix. It was previously reported that the addition of a dendrimer, a polymeric permeation enhancer, is effective for the TDDS for tamsulosin to establish an effective clinical TDDS. The effect of dendrimer addition was examined in TDDSs for ketoprofen and clonidine. The dendrimer added did not show an enhancement effect on the TDDSs for the two drugs. To investigate the mechanism of the enhancement effect of a dendrimer on the tamsulosin TDDS, X-ray analyses were performed. With dendrimer addition, drug crystallization in PHA was promoted. The crystal in PHA had highly ordered and changed its space group. These findings are very important for exploiting high-performance PHA-based TDDSs.