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This study clarifies the absorption behavior of micro-droplets of water on treated paper to support the design of functional
microstructures, such as electronics and micro-fluid channels, on paper. The period of time between when a micro-droplet of
water ejected from an ink-jet head lands on the paper’s surface and its complete disappearance by absorption was defined as
the micro-sizing degree (MSD), and an MSD measurement method was established. The MSD was evaluated using microscopic high-speed
video images of the side view recorded every millisecond. Several grades of commercially available ink-jet paper media and
laboratory sheets having different levels of water repellency prepared from a pulp and a sizing agent were examined. The MSD
of commercial ink-jet papers, which are known to absorb water very quickly, was 3–6 ms. Weakly sized laboratory sheets exhibited
a lower MSD of 2–3 ms. The absorption behavior was analyzed in terms of the capillary pressure with and without the Laplace
pressure; the theoretical and experimental results agreed moderately well. The results indicated that the Laplace pressure
cannot be neglected in the analysis. The MSD of a wet surface where a preceding micro-droplet had already landed was higher
than that on a dry or partially wet surface, presumably because water remains inside pores for an unexpectedly long time. 相似文献
94.
Towards the improvement of thermal efficiency in lignite‐fired power generation: Concerning the utilization of Polish lignite deposits in state‐of‐the‐art IGCC technology 下载免费PDF全文
Yosuke Komatsu Anna Sciazko Marcin Zakrzewski Taro Akiyama Akira Hashimoto Naoki Shikazono Shozo Kaneko Shinji Kimijima Janusz S. Szmyd Yoshinori Kobayashi 《国际能源研究杂志》2016,40(13):1757-1772
Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is the most advanced technology for coal‐fired power generation. The two‐stage entrained flow gasification process allows for the use of a wide range of coal, as long as the gasification temperature is above the ash melting point of a used fuel. In this gasification technology, lignite, which often has a low ash melting point, can be preferably utilized. However, ash fluidity is also another importance, because the behaviour of molten slag can diminish a stable ash discharge from a gasifier. As the eligibility of coal ash properties is a considerable factor, water physically and chemically kept in lignite (30 – 60% in mass) attributes to deteriorating gasification efficiency, because it causes significant heat loss and increasing oxygen consumption. Developing a thermal evaporative lignite drying method will be a necessary attempt to apply lignite to the coal gasification process. For those preceded objectives, coal and ash properties and drying characteristics of several grades of Polish lignite, extracted from Belchatow and Turow deposits, have been experimentally investigated in a preliminary study evaluating the applicability and consideration for its utilization in state‐of‐the‐art clean coal technology, IGCC. This paper particularly discusses the eligibility of Polish lignite from the perspective of the fusibility and fluidity of ash melts and the fundamental drying kinetics of lignite in superheated steam in the light of water removal. The viscosity of ash melts is measured at high temperature up to 1700 °C. In the drying tests, the significant influence of structural issues, because of the provenance and origin of lignite on the drying characteristics, was found by applying the method of sensitivity analysis of physical propensity. This paper concludes that the investigated Polish lignite has characteristics favourable for utilization in IGCC technology, once the precautions related to its high moisture have been carefully addressed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Abstract Under 24-GHz millimetre-wave irradiation heating ionic conductivity of zirconia base ceramics was up to 20 times higher than that of a conventionally-heated sample at the same temperature of 400 °C. The degree of enhancement could be altered by changing the stabilising atom from Y to Yb. Enhancement of ionic conduction was prominent in the setup condition of larger self-heating ratio and larger MMW absorbing materials. The isothermal improvement of ionic conductivity under MMW irradiation would be ascribed to the non-thermal effect. 相似文献
98.
Shunsuke Kato Prof. Akira Onoda Naomasa Taniguchi Prof. Ulrich Schwaneberg Prof. Takashi Hayashi 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(4):679-685
Directed evolution of Cp*RhIII-linked nitrobindin (NB), a biohybrid catalyst, was performed based on an in vitro screening approach. A key aspect of this effort was the establishment of a high-throughput screening (HTS) platform that involves an affinity purification step employing a starch-agarose resin for a maltose binding protein (MBP) tag. The HTS platform enables efficient preparation of the purified MBP-tagged biohybrid catalysts in a 96-well format and eliminates background influence of the host E. coli cells. Three rounds of directed evolution and screening of more than 4000 clones yielded a Cp*RhIII-linked NB(T98H/L100K/K127E) variant with a 4.9-fold enhanced activity for the cycloaddition of acetophenone oximes with alkynes. It is confirmed that this HTS platform for directed evolution provides an efficient strategy for generating highly active biohybrid catalysts incorporating a synthetic metal cofactor. 相似文献
99.
Hyun Soon Park Yasukazu Murakami Keiichi Yanagisawa Tsuyoshi Matsuda Ryosuke Kainuma Daisuke Shindo Akira Tonomura 《Advanced functional materials》2012,22(16):3434-3437
Peculiar magnetic domain walls produced in Heusler alloys, which have attracted renewed interest due to their potential application to actuators and spintronic devices, are studied here using electron holography. The observations reveal unexpectedly narrow magnetic domain walls, the width of which showed perfect agreement with that of the antiphase boundaries (APB, e.g., only 3 nm). While the results can be explained by the significant depression of ferromagnetism due to the local chemical disorder, the electron phase shift indicates that ferromagnetic correlation still remains in the APB region. 相似文献
100.
Dr. Masakazu Hachisu Dr. Akira Seko Dr. Shusaku Daikoku Dr. Yoichi Takeda Dr. Masafumi Sakono Dr. Yukishige Ito 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2016,17(4):300-303
In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), nascent glycoproteins that have not acquired the native conformation are either repaired or sorted for degradation by specific quality‐control systems composed by various proteins. Among them, UDP‐glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) serves as a folding sensor in the ER. However, the molecular mechanism of its recognition remains obscure. This study used pseudo‐misfolded glycoproteins, comprising a modified dihydrofolate reductase with artificial pyrene–cysteine moiety on the protein surface (pDHFR) and Man9GlcNAc2‐methotrexate (M9‐MTX). All five M9‐MTX/pDHFR complexes, with a pyrene group at different positions, were found to be good substrates of UGGT, irrespective of the site of pyrene modification. These results suggest UGGT's mode of substrate recognition is fuzzy, thus allowing various glycoproteins to be accommodated in the folding cycle. 相似文献