P/G Pin Position-Aware Voltage Island Floorplanning For IR Drop Security and avoidance in Flip Chip Designs of FIR Filter

In flip-chip design, voltage drop reduction in the power ground network has become a challenging problem particularly in the modern Multiple Supply Voltage(MSV) designs. An effective P/G network design and floorplanning- based solutions helps to produce a quality power plan in the layout. Hence, this paper proposes an iterative MSV floorplanning methodology that performs modifications in the existing floorplan representation that satisfies the voltage island constraint and produce an IR drop-aware quality layout. Furthermore, the proposed methodology is integrated with commercial tool design flow to analyze the reduction of IR drop in the layout. Two simulation-based experiments are performed in this paper to showcase the significance of this work. Firstly, it presents the simulation results that benchmark the proposed idealogy in non-flip chip designs. Secondly, the presented framework is integrated in flip-chip layouts of FIR design operating with two voltage islands for low power consumption. To understand the ability of the proposed floorplanning approach, the simulation were performed for two different sized P/G mesh structure for various mesh width. Experimental results from both simulations demonstrate that the proposed MSV floorplanning technique is effective in reducing IR drop while optimizing the design for low power dissipation.

     

A single server feedback retrial queue with collisions

A Markovian single server feedback retrial queue with linear retrial rate and collisions of customers is studied. Using generating function technique, the joint distribution of the server state and the orbit length under steady-state is investigated. Some interesting and important performance measures of the system are obtained. Finally, numerical illustrations are provided.     

Electrochemical-assisted photocatalytic degradation of textile washwater

Photocatalytic methods with TiO₂ catalyst were successfully applied to the decomposition of many organic contaminants. In this paper the performance of an electrochemical-assisted photocatalytic degradation of textile washwater containing procion blue dye was investigated. Several operational parameters to achieve optimum efficiency of this electrochemical-assisted photocatalytic degradation system have been done. The main objective was to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour removal of the organic pollutant. The effects of pH, current density, supporting electrolyte, the irradiation time and photocatalyst on treatment efficiency were studied. The results showed that electrochemical-assisted photocatalytic process was used efficiently with 90% COD removal and complete colour removal after 7 h treatment.     

MHD Carreau nanoliquid flow over a nonlinear stretching surface

The Dufour and Soret impacts on magnetohydrodynamic Carreau nanoliquid past a nonlinearly stretching sheet are investigated. Variations in viscosity, heat conductivity, and convective boundary conditions are considered. Suitable similarity conversions are utilized to design the governing equations nondimensional. The Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method is employed to resolve the dimensionless equations. Graphs and tables are utilized to illustrate the impacts of the relevant factors over velocity, temperature, concentration, and streamlines. For the variations of different parameters, numerical values for Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and skin friction are provided in a table. The observed results are in good agreement with the previous literature findings. Furthermore, the current research shows that when the Dufour number increases, the temperature distributions get narrower. However, with increasing Soret number, the concentration distribution has the opposite effect. One of the important outcomes of the current study is that by increasing the Weissenberg number for shear-thinning fluids, one can improve the velocity field.     

Sampling-based visual assessment computing techniques for an efficient social data clustering

The Journal of Supercomputing - Visual methods were used for pre-cluster assessment and useful cluster partitions. Existing visual methods, such as visual assessment tendency (VAT), spectral VAT...     

Chitosan nanoencapsulation of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. essential oil and its novel preservative effect for enhanced shelf life of stored Maize kernels during storage: Evaluation of its enhanced antifungal,antimycotoxin, antioxidant activities and possible mode of action

The present evaluation aimed to synthesis and characterise the Pogostemon cablin essential oil encapsulated chitosan nanoemulsion (PCEO-CN) and evaluated its antifungal antimycotoxin and antioxidant activities. A total of twenty-six different chemical compounds were identified from P. cablin essential oil (PCEO), among which patchoulol (34.93%), α-bulnesene (17.76%) and α-guaiene (15.44%) were recorded as major components. The average size of PCEO-CN was 18.20 nm. The PCEO-CN showed concentration-dependent broad-spectrum antifungal and antimycotoxin activities. The in vivo evaluation showed that PCEO-CN significantly protected maize seeds from mould-induced biodeterioration and aflatoxin B₁ biosynthesis for up to 30 days. The PCEO-CN significantly inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis and cellular integrities of A. flavus. Based on the present study, PCEO-CN could be used as a food preservative to control mould and mycotoxin contamination in stored maize.     

Structural and Dielectric Properties of PVP Based Composite Polymer Electrolyte Thin Films

The study and application of thin film technology is entirely entered in to almost all the branches of science and technology. Transparent conducting oxide films have been widely used in the fields of flat panel displays, solar cells, touch panels and other optoelectronic devices owing to their high electrical conductivity and optical transmittance in visible region. In the present study, Solid state ion conducting polymer electrolyte films were prepared by doping nano-sized TiO₂ particles on PVP (poly vinyl pyrrolidone) complexed with MgSO₄·7H₂O salt by solution casting technique and characterized by powder XRD, DSC, SEM, optical and dielectric studies. The XRD pattern of the prepared sample shows the semi-crystalline nature. SEM and EDS confirms the presence of compounds inside the material. Optical absorption studies are used to measure the bandgap of the prepared sample. Dielectric studies are performed to observe the conductivity of the sample.     

Seismic Rotational Displacements of Gravity Walls by Pseudodynamic Method with Curved Rupture Surface

This paper presents the use of pseudodynamic method to compute the rotational displacements of gravity retaining walls under passive condition when subjected to seismic loads. The concept of Newmark sliding block method for computing the rotational displacements under seismic condition and the limit equilibrium analysis have been combined in this paper to evaluate the performance of a gravity retaining walls under seismic conditions. One of the main features of the paper is the adoption of a new procedure to evaluate seismic passive earth pressure considering composite curved rupture surface (which is the combination of arc of a logarithmic spiral and straight line) and the dynamic nature of earthquake loading, which is useful to predict rotational displacements accurately. It also determines the threshold seismic acceleration coefficients for rotation using Newmark’s sliding block method. It is shown that the assumption of planar failure mechanism for rough soil-wall interfaces significantly overestimates the threshold seismic accelerations for rotation and underestimates the rotational displacements.