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91.
RA Francis 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,93(11):685-686
92.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films containing 10% w/w of a model drug, sulphathiazole, were cast from aqueous solutions and subjected to heat treatment at specific temperatures for known periods of time. Heat treatment at temperatures above the Tg of the PVA films slowed down the rate of drug release from the films. Increasing the temperature of heat treatment from 120°C to 160°C further decreased the rate of drug release. On the other hand, if the heat treatment were conducted at a temperature below the Tg e.g. at 80°C, there were insignificant differences between the release profile of sulphathiazole from heat-treated films and that from untreated films. The duration of heat treatment affected the rate of drug release to a smaller extent compared to the temperature of heat treatment. These results correlated with the heat induced changes in the morphology of, and in the extent of water uptake by the PVA films. 相似文献
93.
John S. Wright Joseph M. Schwartz Lanny D. Schmidt Lorraine Falter Francis 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(9):2360-2366
The crystalline phase development and microstructural changes with heating of sol-gel-derived lead titanate (PT) particles and films on silica with and without a fugitive (or removable) diffusion barrier layer were investigated. Amorphous gel-derived PT particles were deposited on SiO2 -coated TEM grids with and without polyimide (PI) or carbon barrier layers between SiO2 and PT. TEM analysis showed that PI or carbon barriers prevented reaction between the gel-derived PT particles and SiO2 . PT particles crystallize and then the PI or carbon film decomposes. Sol-gel-derived PT films were deposited on oxidized Si substrates (Si/SiO2 ) with and without a PI barrier layer. Perovskite PT films were prepared on Si/SiO2 substrates with a PI barrier; however, some porosity remained in the films. Identically prepared films without the PI barrier formed a mixture of pyrochlore and perovskite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicate that the PI film pre- vents the diffusion of Si into the PT film. 相似文献
94.
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96.
Songhua Xu Haisheng Tan Xiantao Jiao Francis C.M. Lau Yunhe Pan 《Computer Graphics Forum》2007,26(3):609-618
We propose a generic pigment model suitable for digital painting in a wide range of genres including traditional Chinese painting and water-based painting. The model embodies a simulation of the pigment-water solution and its interaction with the brush and the paper at the level of pigment particles; such a level of detail is needed for achieving highly intricate effects by the artist. The simulation covers pigment diffusion and sorption processes at the paper surface, and aspects of pigment particle deposition on the paper. We follow rules and formulations from quantitative studies of adsorption and diffusion processes in surface chemistry and the textile industry. The result is a pigment model that spans a continuum from the very wet to the very dry brush stroke effects. We also propose a new pigment mixing method based on machine learning techniques to emulate pigment mixing in real life as well as to support the creation of new artificial pigments. To experiment with the proposed model, we embedded the model in a sophisticated digital brush system. The combined system exhibits interactive speed on a modest PC platform. http://www.cs.hku.hk/~songhua/pigment provides supplementary materials for this paper. 相似文献
97.
Tae-Sung Jung Do-Chan Choi Sung-Hee Cho Myong-Jae Kim Seung-Keun Lee Byung-Soon Choi Jin-Sun Yum San-Hong Kim Dong-Gi Lee Jong-Chang Son Myung-Sik Yong Heung-Kwun Oh Sung-Bu Jun Woung-Moo Lee Haq E. Kang-Deog Suh Ali S.B. Hyung-Kyu Lim 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》1997,32(11):1748-1757
A 3.3-V 16-Mb nonvolatile memory having operation virtually identical to DRAM with package pin compatibility has been developed. Read and write operations are fully DRAM compatible except for a longer RAS precharge time after write. Fast random access time of 63 ns with the NAND flash memory cell is achieved by using a hierarchical row decoder scheme and a unique folded bit-line architecture which also allows bit-by-bit program verify and inhibit operation. Fast page mode with a column address access time of 21 ns is achieved by sensing and latching 4 k cells simultaneously. To allow byte alterability, nonvolatile restore operation with self-contained erase is developed. Self-contained erase is word-line based, and increased cell disturb due to the word-line based erase is relaxed by adding a boosted bit-line scheme to a conventional self-boosting technique. The device is fabricated in a 0.5-μm triple-well, p-substrate CMOS process using two-metal and three-poly interconnect layers. A resulting die size is 86.6 mm2, and the effective cell size including the overhead of string select transistors is 2.0 μm2 相似文献
98.
Three months after the launch of the MMR programme in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, a postal questionnaire was sent to all GP scheme trainees in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The response rate was 81%. All trainees were enthusiastic about promoting MMR immunisation; with 27% favouring compulsory immunisation. 9% had never seen a patient with measles. This did not alter their attitude towards the beneficial effects of MMR immunisation. Of pre-practice year trainees 26% felt their level of knowledge of immunisation was inadequate, 59% claimed to have received no education on immunisation during their vocational training to date. This may reflects deficiencies in their medical curriculum to-date. 95% of third-year trainees indicated that their practice experience had been the source of at least some of their education on immunisation. Only 46% of trainees in the Republic of Ireland were aware of their Department of Health's aims in launching the MMR immunisation campaign. 相似文献
99.
GS Bhudhikanok J Lim R Marcus A Harkins RB Moss LK Bachrach 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,97(1):103-111
The responses to heat shock in Tritrichomonas mobilensis, a squirrel monkey parasite and Tritrichomonas augusta, an amphibian trichomonad, were evaluated by means of metabolic labeling with [35S]methionine. Electrophoretically separated trichomonad proteins synthesized at different temperatures were visualized by autoradiography and the label incorporation quantitated by a trichloroacetic acid precipitation procedure. A considerable difference in thermotolerance between the two species was found as the protein synthesis reached a maximum at 41 C in T. mobilensis and 37 C in T. augusta. The latter tolerated temperature increases 13 C above normal cultivation temperatures as compared to only 4 C thermotolerance range above normal in T. mobilensis. Major heat shock proteins (Hsps) were expressed in both T. mobilensis (with apparent Mr 94, 72, and 58 kDa) and T. augusta (Mr 94, 70, and 56 kDa) as revealed by autoradiography. Western blot analysis with polyclonal antibody against DnaK of Escherichia coli showed the presence of antigenic Hsp70 homologs in both trichomonads. Similarly, a polyclonal antibody against Hsp60 with broad interspecies cross-reactivity detected Hsp60 homologs in both T. mobilensis and T. augusta. The anti-DnaK antibody cross-reacted with a T. mobilensis protein localized in Golgi apparatus as demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy. Immunocytochemistry on trichomonad frozen sections revealed the presence of the Hsp60 homolog in light-microscopic granules corresponding to hydrogenosomes. 相似文献
100.
Rheological Property and Stress Development during Drying of Tape-Cast Ceramic Layers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jennifer A. Lewis Kimberly A. Blackman rea L. Ogden James A. Payne Lorraine F. Francis 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1996,79(12):3225-3234
Rheological property and stress development of tape-cast ceramic layers derived from nonaqueous alumina (A12 O3 )-poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) suspensions were observed during drying. Casting suspensions exhibited strong shear-thinning behavior, with a low shear Newtonian plateau apparent viscosity >102 Pa. s. The apparent suspension viscosity displayed a power-law dependence on the A12 O3 volume fraction during the initial stage of drying (<30% solvent loss). Stress development, measured by a cantilever deflection method, and parallel weight loss measurements were performed during the drying of tape-cast layers and pure binder coatings. Maximum drying stresses (σmax ) of 1.37-0.77 MPa were observed for plasticized tapes cast at gap heights of 150-400 μm. In contrast, nonplasticized tapes of similar thickness displayed a more gradual stress increase, with σmax values approximately an order of magnitude higher than their plasticized counterparts. The stress histories of the corresponding binder coatings were quite similar to the tape-cast layers, albeit slightly lower σ max values were observed. Stresses decayed beyond σmax with a logarithmic time dependence to an almost constant value of 0.2-0.4 MPa for the plasticized tapes. Based on these observations, process methodologies have been offered to minimize stress development and retention in tape-cast ceramic layers 相似文献