High performance of bulk Mo2N and Co3Mo3N catalysts for hydrogen production from ammonia: Role of citric acid to Mo molar ratio in preparation of high surface area nitride catalysts

Hydrogen production from ammonia decomposition was studied using a series of unsupported high surface area molybdenum nitride (Mo₂N) and cobalt promoted molybdenum nitride (3%Co-Mo₂N) catalysts prepared with citric acid (CA) as a chelating agent. To elucidate the influence of citric acid amount in preparation conditions on the structure and catalytic activity, we prepared catalysts with different citric acid to Mo molar ratios i.e. CA/Mo = 1, 2, 3 and 4. The catalytic activity was evaluated in the temperature range of 300–600 °C at atmospheric pressure. The catalytic activity of the tested samples has changed in the following order of CA/Mo atomic ratio of 1 < 2 < 3 > 4. Therefore, the catalyst prepared by using CA/Mo ratio = 3 showed the highest catalytic activity. BET, XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM-EDS techniques were been used to characterize the catalysts. The increased activity of Mo₂N-3:1 and 3%Co-Mo₂N-3:1 catalysts was due to increased surface area, decreased particle size and increased relative proportions of Mo₂N and Co₃Mo₃N phases. The ammonia conversion for 3%Co-Mo₂N catalyst was increased from 75 to 97% at 550 °C with the increase of CA/Mo ratio from 1 to 3. This enrichment of activity in 3%Co-Mo₂N-3:1 catalyst is due to increased dispersion of Co₃Mo₃N microstructure on γ-Mo₂N platelets confirmed by SEM and TEM results. No deactivation was observed for any catalysts investigated in this study for ammonia decomposition.     

Process design,simulation, and techno-economic analysis of integrated production of furfural and glucose derived from palm oil empty fruit bunches

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - This study aims to propose a new process design, simulation, and techno-economic analysis of an integrated process plant that produces glucose and...     

The Effect of NaY nano-Zeolite on the Mechanical Properties of Silicon Insoles

Silicon - The chemical composition of the insoles inbounded materials influences some of the mechanical properties of silicon insoles including; tensile strain and modules and moisture adsorption...     

Evolutionary game of end-of-life vehicle recycling groups under government regulation

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - This paper studies the competition between the illegal recycling group and the legitimate recycling group in the recycling market of end-of-life...     

Nanostructured polyaniline reinforced sustainable resource (soy oil alkyd) based composites

Studies on composites and blends based on nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) have become the subject of scientific curiosity with regard to their morphology, stability, and electronic properties. Nanocomposites of conducting polymers display improved mechanical, electrical, optical, and catalytic properties owing to their remarkable nanostructure. The present study reports the synthesis of nanostructured PANI and its composites based on soy oil alkyd. The effect of loading of nanostructured PANI on the physiochemical, physicomechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the composite has been analyzed. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Improving Maize Yield with Advancing Planting Time and Nano-Silicon Foliar Spray Alone or Combined with Zinc

Silicon - A two years field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of planting time and foliar application of zinc (Zn) and nano silicon particle (NSP) on maize. SPAD value, leaf area...     

A relational perspective on the walking activity in urban spaces: Shaping,transformation, and interrelations

New walking studies have been concerned with the multiplicity of pedestrian experiences. Some consider walking as an activity that unfolds as part of social life, allowing people to create relationships with others, where multiple walking types can be identified depending on these relations. Some contributions, inspired by actor-network theory (ANT), suggest understanding this activity through a networked perspective that associates human and non-human actors, with a focus on their various and dynamic relations between them. The focus on stabilized networks, which emphasizes the recurrence of these relations, helps in identifying and extending themultiplicity of walking activity experience and emerging types. Despite this potential, ANT contributions are still limited. This paper aims to present the ANT potential in unpacking the multiplicity of the walking activity. It utilizes the case of Dahiyat Al Hussain park in Jordan and applies an ANT-inspired ethnographic approach to unpackwalking. It uses desk research, in-depth interviews, go-along interviews, and observations to engage with participants’ views and experiences. By tracing the recurring relational patterns, the paper identifies three instances when walking practice can be considered as stabilized during network shaping, transformation, and interrelations. These stabilizations provide a nuanced perspective into the multiplicity of walking practices.     

Effect of fading,diversity and interference on the performance of multitone CDMA systems

The performance of a multitone Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system is investigated in this paper by considering the effect of multipath fading, diversity and narrowband interference. The performance is evaluated in terms of the average bit error rate when both multiple access and partial band interference are present. Results are obtained by deriving the statistics of the receiver output parameters and then tested by numerical evaluation. The bit error rate performance is analyzed as a function of bit rate, bandwidth, delay range and different diversity techniques, while considering issues relevant to system implementation. Comparisons were made between conventional single‐tone CDMA systems and multitone CDMA systems. The effectiveness of multitone CDMA in suppressing interference compared to conventional CDMA system is analyzed. Results reveal considerable performance improvement of multitone CDMA system over conventional CDMA system. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.