马克思的异化劳动理论及其启示

介绍了异化理论的由来和马克思的异化劳动理论的基本内容。从人与自然、人与人、人与社会的发展和人自身的发展方面,分析了马克思的异化劳动理论对构建社会主义和谐社会的指导意义。     

基础设施对城乡统筹贡献度的评价指标的设置——基于问卷调查的统计分析

基于基础设施建设在城乡统筹中的重要意义,根据我国统筹城乡发展的目标,坚持效益与公平并重的原则,提出了衡量基础设施对城乡统筹贡献度的评价指标体系,并就所设指标的必要性和重要性,向相关领域的专家及有关专业人士进行了问卷调查。调查结果表明,相关领域的专家对各项指标设置的必要性有较高的认同度,不同背景的专家对指标重要性的认识也有较高的一致性。     

基于非均匀时延的频率估计改进算法

为了减少算法运算量,将多级维纳滤波器引入非均匀时延频率估计中,对原有算法进行改进.改进算法通过简单的乘加运算得到噪声子空间,无需对观测数据协方差矩阵进行特征根分解,因此也更加易于硬件实现;结合一维MUSIC高分辨算法完成对信号频率的参数估计.仿真结果表明：在信噪比大于0dB时,改进算法与原有算法性能相当.     

An improved algorithm for fluid-structure interaction of high-speed trains under crosswind

Based on the train-track coupling dynamics and high-speed train aerodynamics, this paper deals with an improved algorithm for fluid-structure interaction of high-speed trains. In the algorithm, the data communication between fluid solver and structure solver is avoided by inserting the program of train-track coupling dynamics into fluid dynamics program, and the relaxation factor concerning the load boundary of the fluid-structure interface is introduced to improve the fluctuation and convergence of aerodynamic forces. With this method, the fluid-structure dynamics of a high-speed train are simulated under the condition that the velocity of crosswind is 13.8 m/s and the train speed is 350 km/h. When the relaxation factor equals 0.5, the fluctuation of aerodynamic forces is lower and its convergence is faster than in other cases. The side force and lateral displacement of the head train are compared between off-line simulation and co-simulation. Simulation results show that the fluid-structure interaction has a significant influence on the aerodynamics and attitude of the head train under crosswind conditions. In addition, the security indexes of the head train worsen after the fluid-structure interaction calculation. Therefore, the fluid-structure interaction calculation is necessary for high-speed trains.

     

The crack of harden cement paste observed with multi-technique

The shrinkage of the cement paste with low water-cement ratio at different relative humidity was observed and analyzed with ESEM and deformation map technique. The crack morphology was observed with different magnification with SEM and FESEM, and the formation of the crack was observed with AFM between two C-S-H nano particles. The observation by multi technique at multi scale indicated that the shrinkage was increase with the decrease of the humidity due to the increase of the pressure of the capillary pressure, the morphology of the crack in smaller scale was similar to that in the bigger scale, the smaller crack distributed in the latticework of the bigger ones, and the crack propagated along the gap between two nano particles of C-S-H with weaker bonding.     

Formation of CuS pineal microspheres via a pyridine-solvothermal process

CuS pineal microspheres congregated from interleaving nanoflakes with thickness of 40 to 200 nm were synthesized by a pyridine-solvothermal process via the reaction between cupric chloride(CuCl2·2H2O) and thioacetamide(TAA,CH3CSNH2).The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.UV-Vis absorption spectrum,excitation and photoluminescence spectra of CuS pineal microspheres were obtained at room temperature to investigate their optical properties.A possible growth mechanism on the formation of CuS pineal microspheres is proposed.The factors influencing the evolution of morphologies of CuS crystals including the dosage of the reactants,surfactant,and sulphur-source were also analyzed.     

氧化钇掺杂铁薄膜的制备及热稳定行为

为研究氧化钇掺杂强化在薄膜中的应用,通过双靶磁控共溅射方法,制备了氧化钇弥散铁薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和纳米压痕仪表征其结构、成分、形貌和纳米硬度.采用真空封管退火技术对薄膜进行热退火处理.实验结果表明,成功制备的铁基薄膜钇、氧元素弥散程度较好,在500℃真空退火处理后,铁薄膜的纳米硬度显著提高;随着氧化钇掺杂量的增多,纳米硬度增长率提高.该真空热处理方法为改善氧化物弥散强化合金的力学性能提供了借鉴.     

自适应全变分图像去噪模型及其快速求解*

在联合冲击滤波器和非线性各向异性扩散滤波器对含噪图像做预处理的基础上,利用边缘检测算子选取自适应参数,构建能同时兼顾图像平滑去噪与边缘保留的自适应全变分模型,并基于Bregman迭代正则化方法设计了其快速迭代求解算法.实验结果表明,自适应去噪模型及其求解算法在快速去除噪声的同时保留了图像的边缘轮廓和纹理等细节信息,得到的复原图像在客观评价标准和主观视觉效果方面均有所提高.     

Research on the friction and wear mechanism of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/hydroxylapatite composite hydrogel

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hydroxylapatite (PVA/HA) composite hydrogel was prepared with poly(vinyl alcohol) and hydroxylapatite as raw materials, using the method of repeated freezing and thawing. The morphologies of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were observed by means of high-accuracy 3D profiler and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The compressive elastic modulus and the stress relaxation characteristics of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were measured using the flat-head cylinder indenter. The friction and wear tests between PVA/HA composite hydrogel and bovine knee articular cartilage were performed on the micro-tribometer. The worn morphologies of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were observed with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The results showed that PVA/HA composite hydrogel has the cross-link network microstructure which is similar to that of the natural bovine knee articular cartilages. With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content, the degree of cross-link and the crystallization of PVA/HA composite hydrogel both increase, the elastic modulus increases evidently, the rate of stress relaxation is improved and the value of balance stress decreases. The friction coefficient decreases with the increase of the freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. The more the freezing-thawing cycles are, the earlier the friction coefficient reaches the stable balance value. The friction deformation depth between PVA/HA composite hydrogel and bovine knee articular cartilage is inversely proportional to freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. The main wear mechanisms of PVA/HA composite hydrogel are plastic flowing and adhesive flaking. The wear severity degree decreases with the increase of freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. Supported by Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50535050), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-06-0479) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK2005403)     

Effect of acetic acid on electrochemical deposition of carbon-nitride thin film

Electrochemical deposition method was employed to prepare CNx thin film from methanol-urea solution,and it was shown that adding a little acetic acid in the solution significantly affected the deposition process.After optimizing the experiment conditions,we obtained polycrystalline grains with sizes of about 3―7μm on the faces of single crystal silicon.X-ray diffraction spectrua indicate that the grains are mainly composed of cubic phase mixed with a small amount of β and α phases.