高铁锰氨氮地下水锰极限质量浓度研究

为研究生物除铁除锰滤柱对高铁锰氨氮地下水中锰的极限质量浓度,采用培养成熟并稳定运行一段时间的滤柱,逐步提高其进水锰的质量浓度,考察锰的极限质量浓度．结果表明:在进水总铁、氨氮质量浓度分别为5～10、0.9～1.3 mg／L,水温为8 ℃,滤速为6 m／h的实验条件下,当进水溶解氧约8.5 mg／L时,锰的极限质量浓度为7.5 mg／L;溶解氧大于10 mg／L时,锰极限质量浓度为10.5 mg／L;锰质量浓度升高对铁和氨氮的去除没有影响．沿程分析发现：沿滤层向下,相同厚度滤料除锰量逐渐减少;锰质量浓度升高过程中,氨氮的沿程去除没有变化．锰的极限质量浓度受溶解氧限制,溶解氧越高,极限质量浓度越高．     

Compatibility and Properties of Biodegradable Blend Films with Gelatin and Poly（vinyl alcohol）

The blend films with gelatin and poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） were prepared by a solution casting method. The compatibility between gelatin and PVA in the blend films was investigated. The transmittance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, x-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermogravimetry analysis （TG）, and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） were employed to characterize the resultant blend films. According to optic result, the opacity of the blend film at the ratio of 20/80 （w/w, Gel to PVA） was the lowest, indicating the best compatibility between Gel and PVA at the ratio. The results oflR, XRD, DSC, and TG revealed an intensive interaction and good compatibility between them in the blend film at the ratio. The mechanical properties and solubility showed that PVA content in the blend films obviously affected the elongation at break and solubility. The mechanical properties and water resistance of gelatin film may be improved by the introduetion of PVA.     

吸气式无阀脉冲爆震发动机DDT过程数值模拟

为了研究吸气式脉冲爆震发动机缓燃向爆震转变(deflagration to detonation transition,简称DDT)过程的特性,以丙烷和空气为燃料,对吸气式无阀脉冲爆震发动机的DDT过程进行二维数值模拟,并研究了点火能量和点火源数目对DDT过程的影响,分析了点火能量不同导致DDT过程差异的原因。数值模拟结果表明,在DDT过程中,激波以及反射激波的相互作用在爆震波的起爆方面起主导作用;在所模拟的小点火能量范围内,点火能量越高,DDT时间越短,但DDT距离却变化不大;在总点火能量一致的情况下,采用双点火源点火能够缩短DDT距离。     

不同类型射流起爆爆震波特性的数值研究

为了研究不同类型射流对起爆特性的影响,对3种不同类型射流起爆主爆震室中丙烷/空气可燃混合气体的过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,现有计算条件下,亚声速射流不能在主爆震室中起爆爆震波,而超声速射流和爆震射流能够成功起爆;爆震射流的起爆时间和距离都比超声速热射流的要小;在爆震射流的起爆过程中,爆震射流的形成占用了绝大多数的时间,因此对形成爆震射流这一阶段进行有效的改进将可以减少主爆震管的总起爆时间。     

基于稀疏阵列技术的MIMO声呐低运算量二维成像

为了降低多输入多输出(multiple-lnput multiple-output,MIMO)声呐二维成像系统的运算量,提出了稀疏阵列和MIMO声呐相结合的低运算量二维成像方法。在MIMO声呐的虚拟接收阵列为矩形平面阵的前提下,使用模拟退火算法(simulated annealing,SA)对该虚拟矩形平面阵的阵元位置和加权系数同时优化,在保持期望波束性能的前提下大量减少其虚拟阵元数目;根据虚拟接收阵元与匹配滤波器一一对应的关系,移除掉与关闭虚拟阵元所对应的匹配滤波器;对保留匹配滤波器的输出信号进行波束形成等处理,获得目标的二维强度图。计算机仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

铬银共掺杂改性纳米TiO2光催化剂及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,利用溶胶凝胶法制备了Cr/Ag共掺杂的TiO2纳米材料.采用XRD、SEM、EDS等测试分析技术对掺杂纳米TiO2粉体进行了表征;以甲基橙为降解物,在太阳光照射条件下研究了掺杂对光催化活性的影响.研究结果表明:掺杂后的纳米TiO2的光催化性能明显提高,优于纯TiO2.当共掺杂的比例为Cr 1.0%/Ag 0.5%时,样品的效果最佳,对甲基橙的3h降解率达到97.63%.     

基于知网的矛盾问题语义二义性研究

提出了利用知网的相关知识,结合分词、词语相关度计算的方案解决可拓策略生成系统对矛盾问题的界定与建模时的语义二义性的问题,尝试提高计算机语言表达用户信息的准确度和可拓策略生成系统解决矛盾问题的成功率.通过实验表明,知网与可拓策略生成系统的综合应用,可提高可拓策略生成系统解决矛盾问题的准确性和效率.     

改良型腰果酚醛树脂废气治理的研究

改良型腰果酚醛树脂应用到铸件等浸渍、粘合、烘干等过程中会产生恶臭,排放前需要降解处理。研究采用低温等离子体技术结合吸收方法处理改良型腰果酚醛树脂废气,考察了处理工程中峰值电压、停留时间、吸收液pH值对废气去除率的影响。实验室小试改良型腰果酚醛树脂废气进口浓度85 ppm,停留时间1.2 s时,去除率可达92%;工业扩大示范工程去除率最高可达80%,排气口出气平均恶臭浓度1 239.5(无量纲),满足《恶臭污染物排放标准》(GB14554-93)中相关规定。     

Stability of long trench in soft soils by bentonite-water slurry

A series of centrifuge model tests exploring the effects of different types of slurry on long-trench stability in soft clay were conducted. The influence of groundwater conditions relative to trench stability was examined by constructing long trenches using different slurries. The soil deformation and surface settlement induced by the excavation of the trench are found to be closely related to slurry type and excavation depth of the long trench. Increasing the bentonite concentration of the slurry has beneficial effects on stability： 1） larger particles can improve local and global stability in cases where filter cakes do not form, and 2） larger viscosity can promote filter cake formation on the walls of long trenches excavated in soft clay and enhance their stability.     

Algorithm design and application of novel GM-AGC based on mill stretch characteristic curve简

As the spring equation is limited to the accuracy of mill stiffness and the linearity of the mill spring curve, the traditional gaugemeter automatic gauge control （GM-AGC） system based on spring equation cannot meet the requirements of practical production. In allusion to this problem, a kind of novel GM-AGC system based on mill stretch characteristic curve was proposed. The error existing in calculating strip thickness by spring equation were analyzed first. And then the mill stretch characteristic curve which could effectively eliminate the influence of mill stiffness was described. The novel GM-AGC system has been applied successfully in a hot strip mill, the application results show that the thickness control precision is improved significantly, with the novel GM-AGC system, over 98.6% of the strip thickness deviation of 3.0 mm class can be controlled within the target tolerances of ±20 μm.