水平梯田设计与施工综合分析及应用

行唐县近年来大力发展整修水平梯田经济林工程,促进农民增产增收。但在运用挖掘机整修梯田时往往与设计有较大出入,表现为土石方量与设计相差较大。为优化水平梯田工程设计,便于工程施工,选取具有代表性的水平梯田进行设计与施工的综合分析,经过试验和研究,形成适宜机械整修的水平梯田的设计与施工方法,提高水土保持整地造林效率,加快水土流失治理进程。1.研究地概况和数据采集方法1.1研究地概况研究地位于口头小流域北岗底村,     

南沙水电站大坝碾压混凝土层面结合质量的控制方法

该文主要开展了不同气温环境条件、不同外加剂品种对碾压混凝土凝结时间的影响,以及不同处理工艺对层面结合质量的影响研究。提出了优化混凝土配合比、喷雾保湿降温、防晒和快速作业相结合、直接铺筑允许时间比初凝时间提前2h以上、且不超6h的综合施工技术措施。研究成果应用于云南红河南沙水电站碾压混凝土重力施工,成功地解决了工程地处高温干燥气候条件下的碾压混凝土层间结合质量。     

基于Modbus协议的ZigBee瓦斯检测器的设计

针对传统瓦斯检测仪器存在的测量范围小,布线不便等不足,设计了一种基于Modbus协议的ZigBee瓦斯检测器。该系统以AVR的atmega169PA为核心,利用智能型非色散红外瓦斯传感器构成瓦斯检测电路,运用ZigBee远程传输与上位机实现信息共享,通过Modbus总线协议实现多地点组网测量。结论证明此设计提高了瓦斯浓度的测量范围,减少了铺设线路带来的浪费与不便,可形成大面积区域性的多点检测,具有较高的应用价值。     

双季晚稻田灌溉径流氮磷分布特征研究

以浙江绍兴地区曹娥江流域双季晚稻耕作区为研究对象,划分农田系统为引水系统、田间积水、排水系统等3个子系统,研究了在晚稻生长期灌溉动力作用下农田各沟渠径流氮素（总氮、硝酸盐氮、氨氮）及总磷浓度分布特征,并探索了秸秆覆盖裸田对氮、磷流失的影响。结果表明：（1）晚稻生长期间,硝酸盐氮是灌溉径流可溶性氮流失的主要形态,占总氮浓度的63.2%~92.9%。径流氨氮浓度所占比例较低,仅为5.1%~32.1%,且呈田间积水>排水系统>引水系统的分布特征;（2）晚稻生长期内农田排水系统总磷浓度是逐级下降的,降幅在14%~26%,但拔节孕穗期田间磷素流失较弱,而返青分蘖期和抽穗结实期则反之;（3）秸秆覆盖能明显减轻裸田氮素的流失,但对各沟渠径流总磷浓度影响不大。     

两种OFDM多普勒估计算法在水声信道中的比较

为了消除多普勒频偏影响,通过水上实验对两种OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing）水声通信多普勒估计算法进行对比。基于拷贝相关时延差估计的多普勒估计算法结构简单、易于实现;基于空载波的算法较复杂,但精度较高。利用两种方法对相同的实验数据进行多普勒估计和补偿,并对其通信误码率进行对比。研究结果表明,在慢变的信道中两者的误码率基本相同,但在快变的信道中基于空载波的算法更稳定。     

Two-step anodization of maltilayer TiO2 nanotube and its photocatalytic activity under UV light

A double-layer TiO2 nanotube arrays were formed by two-step anodization of Ti foils in different electrolytes. First, Ti in 0.5 wt% HF was anodized to form thin nanotube layer. Afterwards a second anodization was conducted in a formamide based electrolyte, which allowed the second layer of nanotube growing directly underneath the first one. From FESEM investigation we found that the thickness of second layer corresponded to the anodization time, the increasing of which would lead to the excessive etching on the first layer. The first layer protected the lower one from fluoride corrosion during anodization process. The double layer TiO2 nanotube arrays showed no benefit to photodegradation effect in methyl orange degradation experiments.     

Effect of heat-treatment on crystalline phase and UV absorption of 60CeO2-40TiO2 thin films by magnetron sputtering

60CeO2-40TiO2 thin films were deposited on soda-lime silicate glass substrates by R.F. magnetron sputtering. The effects of heat-treatment on the UV-absorption of the thin films were studied on the 60CeO2-40TiO2 thin film with the largest UV cut-off wavelength. The sample films with CeO2:TiO2=60:40 were heated at 773 K, 873 K, 973 K for 30 min. These films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and spectrometer (XPS). XRD analysis proves that the addition of TiO2 to CeO2 changed the crystalline state of CeO2. But the UV absorption effect of CeO2-TiO2 films with CeO2 crystallite phase is inferior to that of the amorphous phase CeO2-TiO2 films. XPS analysis also indicates that the amorphous phase CeO2-TiO2 films have the most Ce3+ content in these films. Amorphous phase and crystalline phase of the CeO2-TiO2 films have different effects on UV absorption of the thin films.     

美军新概念作战研究

作战理论是作战实践的理性升华,也是用兵之道,因而对作战起指导作用。无论何种作战理论,都涉及作战的方针、思想、原则、样式和方法等核心问题。伴随着新概念武器的出现与运用,伴随着经济、知识、文化、软件等软对抗的出现与运用,将对未来军事理论、作战方式、部队编成,甚至对军事问题的思维方式等产生一系列革命性的影响。关注由世界军事大国新概念武器发展而引发的作战问题,对军事理论研究具有重要意义。