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51.
Graft copolymers of sodium alginate (NaAlg) with N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone were prepared using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The graft copolymers (NaAlg‐g‐PVP) were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Polymeric hydrogel beads of NaAlg and NaAlg‐g‐PVP were prepared by crosslinking method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinker in the hydrochloric acid catalyst (HCl) and these beads were used to deliver anti‐inflammatory drug, indomethacin (IM). Chemical stability of the IM after encapsulation into beads was confirmed by FTIR. Preparation conditions of the NaAlg‐g‐PVP beads were optimized by considering the percentage entrapment efficiency, particle size, swelling capacity and their release data. In vitro release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) for the initial 2 h, followed by simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4) for 4 h. Effects of GA concentration, exposure time to GA, drug/polymer (d/p) ratio, and concentration of HCl on the release of IM were discussed. It was observed that IM release from the beads decreased with increasing GA concentration and exposure time. IM release also decreases with increasing d/p ratio and HCl concentration. The highest IM release was obtained to be 77% for beads crosslinked with 0.027M GA. Swelling experiments were also performed to compute molecular mass between crosslinks of the beads. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
52.
Amorphous SiNx:H films were prepared by the rf glow-discharge decomposition of ammonia/silane gas mixture with varying nitrogen content. The steady-state photoconductivity and its dependence on light intensity have been investigated in a-SiNx:H as a function of temperature between 100 and 420 K. The electron drift mobility of a set of SiNx:H samples has been determined from their steady-state photoconductivity and response time measurements. The results suggest that electron drift mobility of the samples was nearly unchanged for a low nitrogen content. Two samples containing lowest nitrogen showed higher photoconductivity than that of unalloyed sample within a temperature range including the room temperature. 相似文献
53.
54.
A novel and efficient way of producing of aldonic acids is reported. The selective catalytic oxidation of monosaccharides (arabinose, ribose, xylose, lyxose, mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, N-acetyl-glucosamine) and disaccharides (lactose, maltose, cellobiose, melibiose) on Au, Pd and Pt catalysts was investigated. By using the gold catalyst, a total selectivity with respect to aldonic acids and a high catalytic activity for all investigated sugars was found. The reaction conditions for the production of maltobionic and lactobionic acids via oxidation on gold catalysts were optimised. A high long-term stability of two different gold catalysts for the oxidation of maltose and lactose, respectively, was found. 相似文献
55.
A Ruiz Pérez M Santana A?e B Villaverde A?e F Bandera Tirado N Santana Santos 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,47(3):219-220
Patients who have a unicornuate uterus with a noncommunicating rudimentary horn that contains an endometrial cavity are at risk for endometriosis and obstetric complications. As in this case, resection of the rudimentary horn can be performed laparoscopically without increased risk to the patient and with some potential benefit. 相似文献
56.
M. A. Dippenaar M. D. Sole J. L. Van Rooy G. J. du Toit J. L. Reynecke 《Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment》2005,64(4):347-360
Determining the thickness of a LNAPL (light non-aqueous phase liquid) hydrocarbon plume in the fractured rock surrounding
a borehole is a very important aspect in determining the quantity and degree of contamination of the groundwater and soil,
as well as deciding on applicable remediation measures. This review aims to compare some of the field and empirical methods
to eventually propose a method of confirming the plausibility of the determined thickness. General insight is supplied relating
to the occurrence of groundwater in the Earth’s crust, the basic principles of multiphase flow and the properties of the three
fluids of importance, being water, Jet A-1 fuel and air. From the methods applied, the field bail-down method of Hughes et
al. and the mathematical approach according to CONCAWE supplied reasonable results, with the Zillox and Muntzer equation providing
no rational outcome due to changing water levels from regular bailing of the LNAPL. Furthermore, practically none of these
methods have been developed for deep, fractured aquifers. By plotting regular depths to water and fuel on the abscissa axis
with free product thickness on the ordinate, the depth to water and depth to fuel linear plots will intersect where the free
product thickness equals zero. This indicates the static water level (i.e., the ground water level prior to hydrocarbon contamination)
and by subtracting this from the free product depth, a maximum product thickness is obtained.
相似文献
57.
海洋丝状真菌转化石油烃的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
研究从湄洲湾海域分离的4株丝状真菌MF1,MF2,MF3,MF4的生长特性及去除油污的过程,观察在温度26℃,初始油浓度在3g/l,培养12d的过程中培养液的变化,分析培养液的pH值及原油的去除率与时间的关系,结果表明,丝状真菌去除原油的[过程是生物吸附与生物降解相结合的生物转化过程,比较革兰氏阴性细菌与丝状真菌细胞壁组成,结构,得出海洋微生物的脱油作用与其细胞壁有直接的关系。 相似文献
58.
In this study, experimental and three-dimensional numerical studies were performed to investigate the effects of plate spacing and temperature difference on natural convection between isothermally heated upward-facing lower horizontal plate and externally insulated horizontal upper plate. Air is used as the heat transfer medium. Rayleigh number varied in the 1108–2.339 × 105 range. Several numerical simulations for three-dimensional steady laminar and turbulent flows heat transfer were carried out using a commercial CFD code Fluent 6.2. Results have shown that there is a good agreement between the numerical and present experimental results as well as with available data in literature. 相似文献
59.
A 0.3% Au/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by the incipient wetness (IW) method was investigated in the continuous-flow liquid-phase glucose oxidation. Therefore, a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system equipped with an ultrasonic separator was used. The continuous-flow glucose oxidation was carried out at 40 °C, pH 9 and 1 bar oxygen partial pressure. Residence time and glucose concentration were varied. The IW gold catalyst showed very high activity and selectivity to gluconic acid within its 110 days of operation and, thus, an excellent long-term stability. Even after severe microbial contaminations of the catalyst, its activity could be completely restored by in situ regeneration with 2-propanol. 相似文献
60.
M.D. Mikhailov M.N. Özişik 《International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer》1985,12(4):393-404
A new, powerful method of analysis, involving the combined use of finite integral transform and finite element techniques, is presented for the solution of time dependent heat flow systems composed of many one-dimensional elements connected through the nodes. This method leads to an eigenvalue problem which is not of the conventional Sturm-Liouville type. A procedure for the determination of the eigenvalues is described. The solution obtained is in the form of an infinite series and contains quasi-steady and transient terms. The general solution obtained can be applied in the mathematical modelling of many engineering applications such as the determination of the penetration of the daily temperature cycle into buildings, the analysis of heat transfer in array of extended surfaces in compact heat exchangers, and many others. 相似文献