超高效液相色谱—串联质谱法快速同时检测茶叶中7种香料

基于超高效液相色谱—串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS),建立了同时检测茶叶中7种可能非法添加的香料(茴香烯、香豆素、胡椒酚甲醚、指甲花醌、甲基丁香酚、蒲勒酮和反式肉桂醛)的定性、定量方法。茶叶样品经过乙腈—水混合溶剂提取,涡旋振荡,适当稀释并加入无水硫酸钠、十八烷基键合硅胶(C₁₈)和N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)进行净化,涡旋离心后,上清液过膜待测。以Kinetex C₁₈色谱柱分离,在多反应检测扫描(MRM)模式下经MS/MS进行基质外标法定量检测。试验结果表明,7种目标物在0.8~1 600.0 μg/L范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数(R2)均大于0.999。方法的检出限为0.02~0.03 mg/kg,定量限为0.05~0.10 mg/kg,平均回收率为82.5%~102.5%,日内、日间精密度分别小于16%和18%。该方法快速、可靠、灵敏度高,用于检测市面流通的100个茶叶样品,结果检出了反式茴香脑、香豆素和胡椒酚甲醚等物质,最大浓度值分别为65.0,2.0,72.2 mg/kg。     

低剂量抑制剂Inhibex501存在下的甲烷水合物相平衡研究

含动力学抑制剂的天然气水合物相平衡研究对新型低剂量抑制剂的开发具有指导作用。在283.6 ~ 290.9 K和7.51 MPa ~ 15.97 MPa的温压范围内研究了抑制剂Inhibex501及其溶剂2-乙二醇单丁醚对甲烷水合物相平衡条件的影响。实验结果显示，0.5wt%和2.0wt%浓度的Inhibex501对甲烷水合物形成的热力学条件具有促进作用，能使甲烷水合物形成移向更高的温度或者更低的压力，而2-乙二醇单丁醚在浓度0.2wt% ~ 1.0wt%范围几乎不改变甲烷水合物形成的热力学条件，N-乙烯基己内酰胺与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物对水合物形成热力学条件的改变起主要作用。     

Automatic breast tumor detection in ABVS images based on convolutional neural network and superpixel patterns

Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignancies, as well as the second leading cause of mortality for women. Early detection and treatment can dramatically decrease the mortality rate. Recently, automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) has become one of the most frequently used diagnose methods for breast tumor screening because of its operator-independent and reproducible advantages. However, it is a challenging job to obtain the tumors’ accurate locations and shapes by reviewing hundreds of ABVS slices. In this paper, a novel computer-aided detection (CADe) system is developed to reduce clinicians’ reading time and improve the efficiency. The CADe system mainly contains three parts: tumor candidate acquisition, false-positive reduction and tumor segmentation. Firstly, a local phase-based approach is built to obtain breast tumor candidates for further recognition. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to reduce false positives (FPs). The introduction of CNN can help to avoid complicated feature extraction as well as elevate the accuracy and efficiency. Finally, superpixel-based segmentation is used to outline the breast tumor. Here, superpixel-based local binary pattern (SLBP) is proposed to assist the segmentation, which improves the performance. The methods were evaluated on a clinical ABVS dataset whose abnormal cases were manually labeled by an experienced radiologist. The experiment results were mainly composed of two parts. At the FP reduction stage, the proposed CNN achieved 100% and 78.12% sensitivity with FPs/case of 2.16 and 0. At the segmentation stage, our SLBP obtained 82.34% true positive, 15.79% false positive and 83.59% Dice similarity. In summary, the proposed CADe system demonstrated promising potential to detect and outline breast tumors in ABVS images.

     

In-situ crystal growth and photoluminescence properties of YBO3: Tb3+ microstructures

Three-dimensional (3D) YBO₃:Tb³⁺ flower-like and dense flower-like hierarchitecture constituted of nanoflakes are solvothermally synthesized in the presence of polyborate precursors in the mixture of ethanol and water. The growth process of the YBO₃:Tb³⁺ flowers and dense flowers was explored based on the time-dependent experiment and the results showed that the growth mechanism follows an in situ growth rather than self-assembly process as reported previously. YBO₃:Tb³⁺ morphologies composed of nanoflakes are achieved by controlling the concentration of ethanol and dependence of photoluminescence on morphology was studied. Remarkable photoluminescence enhancement was observed for YBO₃:Tb³⁺ with flower-like morphology demonstrating the potential of the microstructure in future applications as a green phosphor. Such a synthetic method and growth mechanism may be applied to fabricate complex 3D architectures of other materials.     

土壤中石油污染物的脱附过程

文章中主要采用有机溶剂萃取法（OSE）对高浓度石油污染土壤进行修复，经过精馏操作，有效回收原油，建立脱附等温曲线，研究了石油污染物在土壤-有机溶剂两相间的迁移规律。     

吸收式热泵耦合带式干化在热电厂煤泥掺烧上的应用分析

热电厂煤泥掺烧机组利用吸收式热泵耦合带式干化技术,不仅可对污泥进行无害化处置,同时回收利用污泥干化及电厂焚烧余热废热,减少环境热污染,提高能源利用率.     

基于支路影响系数分析的接地网分层故障诊断方法研究

现有的基于电磁感应理论的接地网故障诊断方法需要大量的磁场测量数据,为了解决该问题,笔者提出了一种基于支路影响系数分析的分层诊断方法.首先定义了支路影响系数,并根据影响系数建立了支路诊断难易程度的评价体系.在该评价体系的指导下,分层诊断方法的测量点选取更具针对性,并以分层递进的方式实现了高精确度的腐蚀诊断.在诊断模型求解方面,运用改进的鲸鱼优化算法,保证了分层诊断的准确性.最后,进行了分层诊断与普通磁场反演诊断的对比实验.实验结果表明:分层诊断方法可以在保证诊断准确率的情况下大幅减少测量点数量(可做到接地网支路数50％以下),并且能够缩小测量点的分布范围,因此该方法可以减少现场测量工作量,提高接地网故障诊断效率.     

基于宏观经济结构合理化的宁夏水资源合理配置

本文分析了宁夏目前经济结构下水资源利用效率及产出效益，研究在一定经济发展水平下，当资源配置最优时，最优的经济均衡增长途径。区域最优经济结构是由国民经济各部门相互依存的关联关系技术矩阵所决定的，其均衡增长率和均衡增长产出结构分别等于非负矩阵的弗罗比尼斯特征根和相对应的弗罗比尼斯向量。本文根据联合国经济发展统计数据，分析出宁夏未来调整第一产业与第二产业结构的比例，认为应适当减少宁夏高耗水水稻种植面积，逐渐把农业用水量向工业用水量转移。转变经济增长方式，从水资源的高效利用及配置出发走内涵式、节水型的社会发展道路，以解决宁夏水资源严重不足的问题。     

露天转地下联合开采技术探讨

针对复杂型锰矿开采提出了由露天转地下联合开采技术，与其它采矿方法相比较，这种方法提高了回采率，降低了采矿成本。