Automated quantized inference for probabilistic programs with AQUA

Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering - We present AQUA, a new probabilistic inference algorithm that operates on probabilistic programs with continuous posterior distributions. AQUA...     

一种改进的深亚微米MOSFET噪声模型

提出一种基于小信号的噪声模型,在精确提取0.13 μm MOSFET的小信号参数后,结合Pospieszalsik和pucel模型,运用噪声相关矩阵转换技术提取出所有噪声参数。利用ADS建立噪声模型,在2～20 GHz频率范围内,仿真结果与测量结果吻合良好,验证了模型的准确性。     

Synthesis and characterization of monetite and hydroxyapatite whiskers obtained by a hydrothermal method

High temperature hydrothermal syntheses, using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and urea as precursors, and characterization of hydroxyapatite (HAp) whiskers are reported herein. The morphology and chemical composition of the crystals from a monetite to a hydroxyapatite phase were controlled by varying the starting concentrations of the precursors and the solution pH through the amount of urea that is decomposed during heating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) were used to investigate the products of the syntheses in order to find the optimum reaction conditions for obtaining the desired morphology and phase composition. Different morphologies ranging from single crystals of monetite through rods and plates of hydroxyapatite with different size distribution to whisker-like single hydroxyapatite crystal were achieved by simply varying the starting concentration of urea. Structural refinement of the hydroxyapatite whiskers confirmed a strong preferential orientation along the c-axis direction of the hexagonal crystal structure, which was significantly different from the usually observed random crystal orientation. TEM and SEM analysis of the apatite whiskers confirmed single crystal structure with the a c-axis orientation parallel to the long axis of the whiskers, with sizes up to 150 μm in length, 10 μm in width and with a thickness of about 300 nm, that grew from the same centre of nucleation, forming flaky-like particles.     

Mo/B4C/Si multilayer-coated photodiode with polarization sensitivity at an extreme-ultraviolet wavelength of 13.5 nm

A silicon photodiode coated with an interface-engineered Mo/Si multilayer was developed as a polarization sensitive detector. The Mo/B4C/Si multilayer was designed to reflect 13.5-nm extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation at an incident angle of 45 degrees, at which the maximum polarization sensitivity occurs. The sensitivity of this specially coated photodiode and its polarization responses were determined by measurement of the reflectance and transmittance of the multilayer coating with synchrotron radiation. The Mo/B4C/Si multilayer was found to reflect 69.9% of the s-polarized radiation and only 2.4% of the p-polarized radiation, thus transmitting approximately 0.2% s-polarized radiation and 8.4% p-polarized radiation at a 13.5-nm wavelength and a 45 degrees angle of incidence. A polarization ratio, (Tp - Ts)/(Tp + Ts), of 95% was achieved with sufficiently high sensitivity from this photodiode. This result demonstrates the high polarization sensitivity and the usefulness of multilayer-coated photodiodes as novel EUV polarimeters.     

加速器质谱测量129I方法的改进

在筑波大学的12UD串列加速器上开发了一套改进的129I加速器质谱(AMS)测量方法,包括在120°磁铁后安装了一副自行设计制作有静电偏转板,有效改善了对127I束流和129I计数的测量;采用97MoO2分子导航束稳定加速器端电压,加速器的端电压能稳定在几天内不超过0.1%,结合二次剥离,取得了满意的测量效果.用该方法测得AgI试剂样品的本底水平为7.83×10-13.对129I/127I比值范围为(4.92～0.28)×10-10的一系列样品的测量不确定度在7%以下,准确度较前有所提高.     

Nanoparticle formation in H2O/N2 and H2O/Ar mixtures under irradiation by 20 MeV protons and positive corona discharge

To investigate the contribution of ions to gas nucleation, we have performed experiments on the formation of water droplets in H₂O/N₂ and H₂O/Ar gas mixtures by irradiation with a 20 MeV proton beam and by positive corona discharge. The size of the formed nanoparticles was measured using a differential mobility analyzer equipped with a Faraday cup electrometer. Using the proton beam, droplets around 10 nm in diameter were observed for both positively and negatively charged particles, but none were found when the corona discharge was used. This implies the importance of the presence of both positive and negative ions for the formation of nanosize droplets, which attract each other by Coulomb interactions, enhancing the collision frequency and leading to the formation of the 10 nm droplets.     

Accelerator-driven system for transmutation of high-level waste

The accelerator-driven transmutation system has been studied at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute. This system is a hydrid system which consists of a high intensity accelerator, a spallation target and a subcritical core region. In the conceptual design study, two types of system concepts, sodium cooled and lead-bismuth cooled system, are being studied. In this study, we fucus on our lead-bismuth cooled accelerator-driven transmutation system to investigate basic characteristics. The fuel compositions were optimized for efficient transmutation of minor actinide. The transmutation of long-lived fission products was also considered.     

Selectively dry-etched n+-GaAs/N-InAlAs/InGaAs HEMTs forLSI

High-speed n-InAlAs/InGaAs HEMT large-scale integrated circuits must have uniform device parameters. A selectively dry-etched n⁺ -GaAs/N-InAlAs/InGaAs HEMT which has a very uniform threshold voltage is discussed. Despite the high dislocation density at the n⁺-GaAs layer, its performance is excellent. For a gate length of 0.92 μm, the maximum transconductance of the HEMT is 390 mS/mm. The measured current-gain cutoff frequency is 23.7 GHz, and the maximum frequency of oscillation is 75.0 GHz. The standard deviation of the threshold voltage across a 2-in wafer is as low as 13 mV     

地面塌陷因素重要度分析

通过收集大量文献,总结已有的研究工作,将地面塌陷因素概括为水、采矿、工程活动、地质四个方面,简述各因素的作用机理,建立相应的评价体系,在此基础上通过收集已有塌陷事故,运用数理统计方法及极差与方差分析,相互验证得出塌陷因素的重要性排序,对塌陷面积影响显著的因素为工程活动,水与地质的交互影响。     

Theoretical models and experimental results on the temperature dependence of polyfluorene solar cells

The temperature dependence of device parameters of polymer solar cells based on alternating copolyfluorene incorporating dioctyl-fluorene and di-thienyl-benzothiadiazole (APFO-3) mixed with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM) was modeled theoretically by simulation and investigated experimentally under illumination of AM1.5 (100 mW/cm²). Both simulation and experimental results show photocurrent, fill factor and power conversion efficiency all increase, and the open-circuit voltages monotonically decrease with temperature increase from room temperature (RT) to 120 °C. These results can be explained by taking into account the temperature dependence of the mobility, and the thermal activation of the injection current from the electrodes. The increase of PCE with temperature is a distinguishing feature of polymer solar cells.