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101.
A novel 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS)-vapor annealing method was developed for improving the mechanical strength of porous silica films with a low dielectric constant. TMCTS molecules react with Si-OH groups on the pore wall surfaces to form the polymer network which results in the high hydrophobicity and reinforcement of the silica wall. This method can be used to recover plasma damages induced by etching and ashing in fabricating Cu/low-k interconnects. 相似文献
102.
Motoyama Y. Murakami Y. Seki M. Kurauchi T. Kikuchi N. 《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》2007,54(6):1308-1314
The sustain pulse voltage of the panel for 66-kPa Ne + Xe (5%-30%) is 20%-40% lower with a Sr0.62Ca0.38O protective layer than with a MgO protective layer. At a normal sustain voltage of 160-200 V, the luminous efficiency of the panel with the Sr0.62 Ca0.38O protective layer for Xe (30%) is about twice as high as with the MgO protective layer for Xe (10%). The luminances of these panels are almost the same. This high efficiency at normal sustain pulse voltage and normal luminance is obtained through the combined use of the Sr0.62Ca0.38O protective layer and high Xe content. With regard to ion bombardment, the Sr0.62Ca0.38O film has a 4.5 times longer life than SrO film and nearly 80% of the life of MgO film. We also calculated the values of theoretical secondary electron emission yield gammaimin of MgO, SrO, and CaO without energy bands in the band gap for rare gas ions and found that [ gammaimin of MgO] les [gammaimin of CaO] < [gammaimin of SrO] except for the one case with He. The breakdown voltage decreases with higher gammaimin values. As expected, the discharge voltage of the panel is much lower with the SrO protective layer than with the MgO protective layer. The discharge voltages of the panels with Sr0.62Ca0.38O and SrO protective layers are almost the same. These findings show that the life of the SrO protective layer can be made 4.5 times longer without any increase in the discharge voltage by adding CaO (40 at.%) 相似文献
103.
Copper (titanium) [Cu(Ti)] films with low titanium (Ti) concentration were found to form thin Ti-rich barrier layers at the
film/substrate interfaces after annealing, which is referred to as self-formation of the barrier layers. This Cu(Ti) alloy
was one of the best candidates for interconnect materials used in next-generation ultra-large-scale integrated (ULSI) devices
that require both very thin barrier layers and low-resistance interconnects. In the present paper, in order to investigate
the influences of annealing ambient on resistivity and microstructure of the Cu alloys, the Cu(7.3at.%Ti) films were prepared
on the SiO2 substrates and annealed at 500°C in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) or argon (Ar) with a small amount of impurity oxygen. After annealing
the film at 500°C in UHV, the resistivity was not reduced below 16 μΩ-cm. Intermetallic compounds of Cu4Ti were observed to form in the films and believed to cause the high resistivity. However, after subsequently annealing in
Ar, these compounds were found to decompose to form surface TiO
x
and interfacial barrier layers, and the resistivity was reduced to 3.0 μΩ-cm. The present experiment suggested that oxygen
reactive to titanium during annealing played an important role for both self-formation of the interfacial barrier layers and
reduction of the interconnect resistivity. 相似文献
104.
Tsunehiko Sugawara Takahiro Murakami Yuichi Kuroki Mikio Ueki Takeshi Naraki Yasumasa Kato Satoshi Kanasugi 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2007,15(1):39-47
Abstract— A new design for an FED envelope, composed of box‐shaped front glass, sheet‐like rear glass, and metal members, has been devised. This design structure is effective in reducing tensile stress induced by vacuum at the sealing points. Also, a new glass composition, a new physical tempering method, and a lead‐free hermetic sealing material have been developed. As a result, a novel lightweight spacer‐free panel structure for FEDs has been developed by integrating these new technologies. It will assist in maximizing the essential advantages of FED such as high image quality, high reliability, and low cost. 相似文献
105.
106.
T. Murakami S. Ogawa N. Ishitsuka K. Kumagai G. Saito 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(7):1335-1348
Nine scenes of SPOT/HRV data obtained in eight different months in 1997 were evaluated for crop discrimination in the Saga Plains, Japan. All images were atmospherically corrected with the 6S code. Annual Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) profiles were generated to characterize seasonal trends in six cropping systems (rice, rice-winter cereal, soybean, soybean-winter cereal, lotus, and rush). The dataset of this study showed the unique temporal change patterns of NDVI for each cropping system. Separability analyses determined optimal scene combinations for the highest accuracy in classifying the cropping systems. The scene combinations for the accurate classification of cropping systems were obtained from three separability measurements (Euclidean spectral distance, divergence, and Jeffries-Matsushita distance). Kappa statistics were applied to evaluate the classification accuracies. The four-scene combination that was derived from April, June, July and September classified the cropping systems almost as well as those combinations including more scenes. A colour composition technique applied to the three-scene combination that showed the highest separability also discriminated each cropping system. Based on these results, we can request observations during specific time intervals considering local crop calendars and environmental conditions. 相似文献
107.
Miyajima H. Asaoka N. Arima M. Minamoto Y. Murakami K. Tokuda K. Matsumoto K. 《Journal of microelectromechanical systems》2001,10(3):418-424
This paper presents a moving-coil electromagnetic optical scanner with newly developed hinge structure consisting of multilayered polyimide films with aluminum lead wires in between. The main purpose is to obtain a scanner with good durability and shock resistance for practical use. Polyimide has both features, and the aluminum lead wires, connecting the moving-coils and fixed electrode pads, are more reliable, because they are located inside the hinge, where the stress caused by torsional deformation and atmospheric degradation are minimal. An electromagnetic actuator is used to satisfy the following requirements; a millimeter-sized mirror, resonant and galvanometric operation, and scan angle control. Scanner prototypes with two different specifications (i.e., fast scanner and slow scanner) were fabricated and characterized. Driven with a sinusoidal current of ±20 mA, the fast scanner and the slow one vibrated with an optical scan angle (&thetas;o) of 1° at the resonant frequency (fr) of 1.7 kHz and &thetas;o of 60° at fr of 72 Hz, respectively. Durability was demonstrated with a shock test of 2500 G and a life test of over 13 000 h. By substituting sputtered aluminum driving coil with electroplated copper coil, improved &thetas;o of 16.8° was obtained at fr of 2.7 kHz 相似文献
108.
We have investigated the hot carrier (HC) reliability of nMOSFETs with an ultrashallow source/drain (S/D) extension, and found that lightly doped drain (LDD)-type HC degradation is accelerated. The lifetime strongly depends on the extension implantation dose or the implantation angle. A reduced overlap region between the gate electrode and drain diffusion seemed to exaggerate the LDD-type HC degradation. Angled implantation at over 10° effectively suppressed the degradation 相似文献
109.
Toshihiko Myojo Akira Ogami Takako Oyabu Yasuo Morimoto Masami Hirohashi Masahiro Murakami Kenichiro Nishi Chikara Kadoya Isamu Tanaka 《Advanced Powder Technology》2010,21(5):507-512
Pulmonary health effects of fine particles and nanoparticles are overviewed in this paper, mainly based on the researches conducting in our laboratory. For the hazard assessment, we exposed rats to aerosolized asbestos-substitutes or nanoparticles aerosols (nickel oxide and titanium dioxide), and examined the biological and pathological effects of the particle on lung, a major target organ for the particles, and cytokines which are related to inflammation, fibrosis and carcinogenesis in the lung. It is essential to perform comprehensive evaluation of the toxicity of poorly soluble powder samples using the precise characterization data and exposure methods, such as single instillation or aerosol inhalation. 相似文献
110.
Yoshizawa N. Murakami Y. Kawata O. Ishihara K. Negishi Y. 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》1985,3(1):184-189
An optimum design method is presented for a "spaceless" unit structure in submarine optical fiber cable. The unit structure has been designed taking into consideration the loss increase caused by both a 40-km-long winding unit and a temperature change of 100°C. An appropriate jacket thickness and hardness was found which satisfies these requirements. 相似文献