Generation of sum-frequency sideband using 964 GHz HCN laser and 70 GHz klystron radiation

Continuosly tunable submillimeter radiation above 1 THz has been generated by sum-frequency mixing of HCN laser radiation (second strongest transition at 964.3 GHz) with that of klystron (70 GHz) in the Schottky barrier diode used as the non-linear element. Generated radiation was sufficiently strong to allow the high resolution frequency measurement of 9_9,1 ← 8_8,0 transition in³²S¹⁶O.     

Globally Synchronized Frames for guaranteed quality-of-service in on-chip networks

Future chip multiprocessors (CMPs) may have hundreds to thousands of threads competing to access shared resources, and will require quality-of-service (QoS) support to improve system utilization. This paper introduces Globally-Synchronized Frames (GSF), a framework for providing guaranteed QoS in on-chip networks in terms of minimum bandwidth and maximum delay bound. The GSF framework can be easily integrated in a conventional virtual channel (VC) router without significantly increasing the hardware complexity. We exploit a fast on-chip barrier network to efficiently implement GSF. Performance guarantees are verified by analysis and simulation. According to our simulations, all concurrent flows receive their guaranteed minimum share of bandwidth in compliance with a given bandwidth allocation. The average throughput degradation of GSF on an 8×8 mesh network is within 10% compared to the conventional best-effort VC router.     

Subsumptive general solutions and parametric general solutions of Post equations

In this paper we generalize Rudeanu’s results from [13] to Post algebras. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a Post function f such that the set of solutions of equation f(x) = 0 is a given interval. We also prove that every Post transformation is the parametric solution of some consistent Post equation.     

Request redirection paradigm in medical image archive implementation

It is widely recognized that the JPEG2000 facilitates issues in medical imaging: storage, communication, sharing, remote access, interoperability, and presentation scalability. Therefore, JPEG2000 support was added to the DICOM standard Supplement 61. Two approaches to support JPEG2000 medical image are explicitly defined by the DICOM standard: replacing the DICOM image format with corresponding JPEG2000 codestream, or by the Pixel Data Provider service, DICOM supplement 106. The latest one supposes two-step retrieval of medical image: DICOM request and response from a DICOM server, and then JPIP request and response from a JPEG2000 server. We propose a novel strategy for transmission of scalable JPEG2000 images extracted from a single codestream over DICOM network using the DICOM Private Data Element without sacrificing system interoperability. It employs the request redirection paradigm: DICOM request and response from JPEG2000 server through DICOM server. The paper presents programming solution for implementation of request redirection paradigm in a DICOM transparent manner.     

Analysis for a class of singularly perturbed hybrid systems via averaging

A class of singularly perturbed hybrid dynamical systems is analyzed. The fast states are restricted to a compact set a priori. The continuous-time boundary layer dynamics produce solutions that are assumed to generate a well-defined average vector field for the slow dynamics. This average, the projection of the jump map in the direction of the slow states, and flow and jump sets from the original dynamics define the reduced, or average, hybrid dynamical system. Assumptions about the average system lead to conclusions about the original, higher-dimensional system. For example, forward pre-completeness for the average system leads to a result on closeness of solutions between the original and average system on compact time domains. In addition, global asymptotic stability for the average system implies semiglobal, practical asymptotic stability for the original system. We give examples to illustrate the averaging concept and to relate it to classical singular perturbation results as well as to other singular perturbation results that have appeared recently for hybrid systems. We also use an example to show that our results can be used as an analysis tool to design hybrid feedbacks for continuous-time plants implemented by fast but continuous actuators.     

The investigation of metastable ζ-hcp phase in the Ag-rich f c c region of Ag-In alloys rapidly quenched from the melt

Stacking faults, which were detected in the Ag-In system, have been examined by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. An enhanced concentration of stacking faults in splat cooled specimens as well as the formation of a metastable hexagonal phase in the f c c region of the alloy was observed. As far as we know this is the first case of the terminal solid solubility being reduced by rapid quenching. Terminal solid solubility is reduced because of the high concentration of structural defects introduced by quenching, e.g. dislocations and stacking faults, which serve as the nuclei for the transformation from the f c c to the h c p structure. Our measurements and calculations show that the stacking fault energy minimum is shifted to lower electron concentrations with respect to the stacking fault energy minimum corresponding to the equilibrium phase boundary for the f c c-h c p transformation. The new metastable phase boundary for this transformation was confirmed by X-ray examinations. We explain this earlier h c p phase appearance in rapid quenched specimens as the consequence of enhanced interaction of the Fermi surface and contracted Brillouin zone. The Brillouin zone contraction we attributed to quenched-in vacancies.     

Oxidation of formic acid at a high surface area supported platinum modified by foreign metal adatoms

The anodic oxidation of formic acid was studied on platinum distributed in the form of small particles in a porous substrate modified by metal adatoms deposited at underpotentials. The rate of the reaction was greatly enhanced on the commercial catalyst Powercat 3000 (PC 3000). The hydrogen adsorption and the underpotential deposition of several metals at PC 3000 were shown to be dissimilar to that at smooth polycrystalline Pt. Steady-state and long-term experiments were performed to determine the stability of this electrode.     

Mechanical and fracture behavior of powder metalurgy processed Ti3Al-based alloys

This work considers structural and compression mechanical properties of three Ti₃Al-based alloys processed by powder metallurgy. Mechanically alloyed powders were compacted by hot-pressing to non-porous homogenous compacts. Prior to compression tests, all compacts were homogenized by a solution treatment at 1050°C (α + β region) for 1h, followed by water quenching. The compression tests were performed from room temperature to 500°C in vacuum at a strain rate of 2.4 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹. Detailed microstructural characterization has been evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), followed by electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analysis. Fracture topography was examined by SEM. The Ti₃Al-Nb alloy exhibits the highest ductility in the whole temperature range, whereas addition of Mo to Ti₃Al-Nb alloy yields the highest ultimate compression strength. A correlation between ductility and the fracture mode exists for all materials.