铌、钛微合金化仿晶界型铁素体/粒状贝氏体复相钢的形变诱导铁素体相变的研究

以仿晶界型铁素体型/粒状贝氏体复相钢为对象,研究了铌、钛微合金化对其形变诱导铁素体相变的影响以及以仿晶界铁素体/粒状贝氏体为基本组织的复相钢形变诱导铁素体相变规律.研究表明,仿晶界铁素体/粒状贝氏体复相钢进行微合金化,会使其形变诱导铁素体相变受到抑制而推迟;同时因为微合金元素的加入,细化了相变中诱导析出的铁素体晶粒,有利于复相钢中粒状贝氏体的形成.形变参数对相变过程有着显著的影响,奥氏体化温度决定了奥氏体原始晶粒尺寸同样影响着形变诱导铁素体相变过程.采用合适的形变参数和奥氏体温度都可以促进形变诱导铁素体相变的进行从而细化铁素体晶粒.     

ZVZCS三电平逆变弧焊电源

分析了一种新颖的零电压零电流(ZVZCS)开关之电平变换器,以及功率晶体管的驱动电路。分析并试验了它在弧焊电源中应用的可行性,并用Pspice9．2进行仿真,给出了试验与仿真结果。ZVZCS-三电平变换器不仅具有传统软开关脉宽调制(PWM)变换器的优点,还具有其它的优点。变换器的功率开关承受的电压为输入电压的一半,因此,它适合用于有源功率因数校正或输入电压较高的场合。     

我国挥发性缓蚀剂防锈技术的发展现状

介绍了挥发性缓蚀剂(VCI)的防锈原理,介绍了国内目前使用的VCI材料品种、构成及用途;对比了各种防锈技术的综合性能及应用效果;介绍了VCI的应用领域,分析了VCI的技术性能。     

铂钛不溶性阳极研制

主要研究了钛基镀铂工艺,确定了工艺中各种参数值,测定了铂钛不溶性阳极的各种性能.本工艺所得铂钛不溶性阳极耐腐蚀性强,与基体结合力好,镀层厚度2～5μm.     

Performance comparison of AlTiC and AlTiB master alloys in grain refinement of commercial and high purity aluminum

1 Introduction Since AlTiC master alloys were improved greatly as a new type of master alloy used in grain refinement of aluminum and aluminum alloys in the middle of 1980s[1, 2], there were many important progresses in the preparation techniques and the …     

(Ba,Pb)TiO3陶瓷的半导化机理及其湿敏特性研究

为了改善感湿性能很差的BaTiO3陶瓷的湿敏特性,通过PbTiO3与BaTiO3复合,制备了表面为无规则网络状结构、内部具有丰富孔洞通道的(Ba,Pb)TiO3陶瓷,在30℃～70℃的温度范围内、RH=12RH%～93RH%之间5个检测点上测试了该材料的阻-湿特性.依照Anderson无序方法分析了陶瓷晶粒的半导化机理,并从表面吸附及能带理论的观点分析了(Ba,Pb)TiO3陶瓷的湿敏特性.理论上指出施主掺杂(Ba,Pb)TiO3陶瓷晶粒的半导化主要是由于晶格B位处于Ti4+和Nbs+的成分无序状态所致;指出(Ba,Pb)TiO3陶瓷属于复杂性系统,其相对湿敏特性由晶粒半导化、表面吸附、晶界势垒等多个因素决定.结果表明其电阻值在12RH%～93RH%的相对湿度范围内变化3个数量级,且湿敏特性曲线在单对数坐标中接近线性.     

Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金的时效析出与再结晶

研究了Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金在时效过程中，析出与再结晶的交互作用及其对合金性能的影响。研究结果表明，形变使合金时效析出相更加细小、弥散，析出对再结晶的形核和长大过程产生阻碍作用。在再结晶的形成和长大过程中，析出相在晶界前沿快速粗化或重新溶解，并在再结晶区域中重新析出，导致更加弥散的析出相分布。     

A study on determining hardening curve for sheet metal

The hardening curve for sheet metal can be determined from the load–displacement curve of tensile specimen with rectangular cross-section. The previous researches, however, have paid little attention to its use in large deformation. Moreover, it varies with materials, deformation conditions and so on, and there are not enough hardening curves available in manuals. In order to study metal behavior, it is very important to establish a method to create a large strain hardening curve based on the normal mechanical test. In this paper, two new kinds of specimens are proposed, one is a multi-stepped specimen that can be traced to the three-stepped specimen, and the other is a tapered specimen which decreases the complexity of the multi-stepped specimen in manufacture. In this study, circle grids are imposed on the specimen surface to calculate true strains at different positions of the specimen. It is found that the load added to the different segments of specimen just before fracture can be determined by the maximum load and breaking load. True strains and corresponding true stresses can be determined after the specimen is pulled to fracture, so the hardening curve can be easily achieved. After a great deal of experiment, the results show that the tapered specimen has almost the same key parameters as the multi-stepped specimen, and the former is more easily used. Meanwhile, the work-hardening exponent (n) and the coefficient of normal anisotropy (r) can be obtained conveniently, and the forming limit line can also be approximately induced.     

14Cr2Ni4MoV钢高温开裂行为的研究

在高温下施以恒应变拉伸的模拟焊接热循环的结果表明,1350～1450℃是晶间液化引起脆性断裂的敏感温度区;900～1000℃是不均匀再结晶引起低塑性断裂的敏感温度区。在高温应变条件下,初始阶段,裂纹优先在基体界面或晶界液化的夹杂物处萌生;形变后期,裂纹大量在再结晶晶界处萌生。本文建立了断裂模型,可用以解释高温低塑性断裂的微观过程.     

贝氏体相变机制的研究进展

简要地总结了清华大学贝氏体相变研究组在贝氏体相变领域的主要研究成果。包括以下方面 :①利用TEM、AFM、STM发现了钢及有色合金中的贝氏体超精细结构 ;②利用STM发现贝氏体表面浮突大多是由与超亚单元相对应的“帐篷型”小浮突群组成的 ;③利用TEM和STM证实了三维巨型台阶存在的普遍性和可动性 ;④发现钢中贝氏体碳化物在α/γ界面的γ侧形核并向奥氏体内生长 ;⑤概述了贝氏体的激发形核 台阶长大机制及其理论计算 ;⑥用前述相变机制解释了贝氏体的多层次复杂结构 ,以及上贝氏体、下贝氏体等不同形态的形成原因。