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991.
Kahler Christopher W.; Read Jennifer P.; Wood Mark D.; Palfai Tibor P. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,17(3):226
Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediational role of social environmental selection on alcohol use in cross-sectional samples of 447 students from a rural state university and 421 students from an urban private university. Results showed that male gender, White ethnicity, and sensation seeking were uniquely associated with greater alcohol use. Mediational analyses indicated that socioenvironmental factors (i.e., Greek involvement, friends' approval of drinking/getting drunk) were positively associated with alcohol use and significantly accounted for parts of the effects of ethnicity and sensation seeking, but not gender, on alcohol use. Results suggest that White students and those high on sensation seeking may drink more heavily in college, in part because they select social environments in which alcohol use is encouraged. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
992.
Jost John T.; Glaser Jack; Kruglanski Arie W.; Sulloway Frank J. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,129(3):383
A meta-analysis by J. T. Jost, J. Glaser, A. W. Kruglanski, and F. J. Sulloway (2003) concluded that political conservatism is partially motivated by the management of uncertainty and threat. In this reply to J. Greenberg and E. Jonas (2003), conceptual issues are clarified, numerous political anomalies are explained, and alleged counterexamples are incorporated with a dynamic model that takes into account differences between "young" and "old" movements. Studies directly pitting the rigidity-of-the-right hypothesis against the ideological extremity hypothesis demonstrate strong support for the former. Medium to large effect sizes describe relations between political conservatism and dogmatism and intolerance of ambiguity; lack of openness to experience; uncertainty avoidance; personal needs for order, structure, and closure; fear of death; and system threat. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
993.
G. LABEAS T. H. KERMANIDIS 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2003,26(5):449-457
ABSTRACT Research results concerning the simulation of the crushing behaviour of composite systems with energy absorption characteristics are presented in the present work. The study is focused on the ‘tensor skin’ concept, an energy absorbing composite system that was originally developed to improve the crashworthiness of helicopters under water impact and which is promising for utilization in the construction of the lower part of composite fuselage aircraft. The ‘tensor skin’ concept comprises a folded or corrugated composite construction, which upon loading unfolds by forming ‘plastic hinges’, leading to an increase in the load bearing capability of the structure. The numerical modelling issues and the critical aspects of the simulation are discussed. Verification of the numerical simulation procedure is performed by experimental work. The experimental results utilized to assess and validate the numerical procedure were derived within the European Research Project ‘Design for Crash Survivability – CRASURV’ (BRITE – Aeronautics Area). The results of the simulations are generally in good agreement with experimental data. 相似文献
994.
O. T. Tsyrul’nyk H. M. Nykyforchyn D. Yu. Petryna M. I. Hredil’ I. M. Dz’oba 《Materials Science》2007,43(5):708-717
We study the degradation of the mechanical and corrosion properties of 17G1S steel in gas mains as a result of operation for
28–40 yr. We reveal the simultaneous decrease in its strength and hardness, on the one hand, and impact toughness and crack
resistance, on the other hand. The indicated parameters prove to be most sensitive to the in-service degradation of the metal.
The degradation of steel leads to the increase in the strain-hardening coefficient and the appearance of the yield plateau
in the tensile stress-strain diagram and causes the appearance of sensitivity to hydrogen embrittlement increasing in the
process of operation. We analyze the role of absorbed hydrogen affecting the mechanism of strain aging and responsible for
the appearance of defects. It is shown that the polarization resistance can be used not only for monitoring of the corrosion
state of gas pipelines but also for the prediction of changes in their mechanical properties in the process of operation.
__________
Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 97–104, September–October, 2007. 相似文献
995.
Iida M. Kuroda N. Otsuka H. Hirose M. Yamasaki Y. Ohta K. Shimakawa K. Nakabayashi T. Yamauchi H. Sano T. Gyohten T. Maruta M. Yamazaki A. Morishita F. Dosaka K. Takeuchi M. Arimoto K. 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》2005,40(11):2296-2304
A 16 Mb embedded DRAM macro in a fully CMOS logic compatible 90 nm process with a low noise core architecture and a high-accuracy post-fabrication tuning scheme has been developed. Based on the proposed techniques, 61% improvement of the sensing accuracy is realized. Even with the smallest 5 fF/cell capacitance, a 322 MHz random-cycle access while 32 ms data retention time which contributes to save the data retention power down to 60 /spl mu/W are achieved. 相似文献
996.
A revision algorithm is a learning algorithm that identifies the target concept, starting from an initial concept. Such an algorithm is considered efficient if its complexity (in terms of the resource one is interested in) is polynomial in the syntactic distance between the initial and the target concept, but only polylogarithmic in the number of variables in the universe. We give an efficient revision algorithm in the model of learning with equivalence and membership queries for threshold functions, and some negative results showing, for instance, that threshold functions cannot be revised efficiently from either type of query alone. The algorithms work in a general revision model where both deletion and addition type revision operators are allowed. 相似文献
997.
An advanced learning system for interactive simulation of patient cases (ISP) is described. The system was designed to meet specific pedagogical needs where student activation and problem orientation were two of the key issues. The system includes features such as video based illness history-taking function using free text input, highly interactive physiological examination procedures, extensive laboratory tests and detailed user feedback. The system was constructed mainly in Authorware Professional, starting more than 10 years ago, and it is now available in refined versions in different languages. Twelve pedagogical and three technical features were initially defined for the project. All of these aims were fulfilled. The ISP system has been successfully used in education, and in international collaboration, including three applicability field tests. The system is also a powerful research tool for studying for instance medical decision-making. 相似文献
998.
van Baaren Rick B.; Maddux William W.; Chartrand Tanya L.; de Bouter Cris; van Knippenberg Ad 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,84(5):1093
The present studies demonstrated the moderation of self-construal orientation on mimicry. Recent research has indicated that an interdependent self-construal is associated with assimilation of the other to the self whereas an independent self-construal is associated with minimizing the influence of others on the self (H. R. Markus & S. Kitayama, 1991; D. Stapel & W. Koomen, 2001). Therefore, the authors hypothesized that an interdependent self-construal would be associated with more mimicry than an independent self-construal. When self-construal orientations were experimentally primed. as in Studies 1 and 2, independent self-construals produced less nonconscious mimicry than interdependent self-construals. When self-construals were examined as cultural differences with either a chronically dominant independent (Americans) or interdependent (Japanese) construal of the self, these results were replicated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
999.
Combined time and wavelength multiplexing technique of optical fiber grating sensor arrays using commercial OTDR equipment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Valente L.C.G. Braga A.M.B. Ribeiro A.S. Regazzi R.D. Ecke W. Chojetzki C. Willsch R. 《IEEE sensors journal》2003,3(1):31-35
The use of a commercial optical time domain reflectometry device for simultaneous wavelength and time domain multiplexing of fiber-optic Bragg grating sensors is proposed and demonstrated. The realization of such systems provides an inexpensive way of interrogating several hundreds of sensors in a single fiber. Strain resolution of 30 /spl mu/m/m over a strain measuring range of 0.5% was obtained. 相似文献
1000.
Why was there a preponderance of women engaged in laboratory-based studies of animal behavior in Britain in the early years of the 20th century? As a new experimental subject with recently neglected potential, animal psychology then represented an opportunity for women to make further inroads into academic science. Because the study of psychology before World War I offered negligible professional opportunities for the application of the subject, the intake of students was restricted. Perhaps this encouraged academic access to it by aspiring female scientists who felt that career prospects, uncertain and socially unexpected of them in any case, were worth chancing for greater long-term rewards. The academic circumstances and contributions of 3 British female pioneers in experimental comparative psychology are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献