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排序方式: 共有2535条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Kok Whye Cheong Chin Ping Tan Hamed Mirhosseini Sung Tong Chin Yaakob B. Che Man Nazimah Sheikh Abdul Hamid Azizah Osman Mahiran Basri 《Food chemistry》2011
Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) was applied for equilibrium headspace analysis of Malaysian soursop (Annona muricata) volatile flavor compounds. A two-level fractional factorial design (25-1) was used to determine the effect of SPME variables, namely, SPME fibers, adsorption temperature, extraction time, amount of salt, sample amount and sample concentration on the extraction efficiency of volatile flavor compounds. A total of 37 volatile compounds were identified, comprising 21 esters, 6 alcohols, 3 terpenes, 2 acids, 2 ketones, 2 aldehydes and an aromatic with different hydrophobicities (log P) ranging between −0.14 and 4.83. Extraction using 10 g of diluted (5% w/w) blended soursop pulp with CAR/PDMS fiber at 25 °C for 30 min and 30% (w/w) of NaCl under stirring mode resulted in the highest extraction efficiency of volatile flavor compounds. The principal component analysis score discriminated the influence of SPME variables on the equilibrium headspace concentration of target volatile compounds. 相似文献
992.
Md. Mamun-Or-Rashid Muhammad Mahbub Alam Md. Abdul Hamid Choong Seon Hong 《Wireless Networks》2010,16(3):713-729
Fair scheduling is an ideal candidate for fair bandwidth sharing and thereby achieving fairness among the contending flows
in a network. It is particularly challenging for ad hoc networks due to infrastructure free operation and location dependent
contentions. As there is no entity to serve coordination among nodes, we need a mechanism to overcome inherent unreliability
of the network to provide reduced collision and thereby higher throughput and adequate fair allocation of the shared medium
among different contending flows. This paper proposes a flow rank based probabilistic fair scheduling technique. The main
focus is to reduce the collision probability among the contending flows while maintaining the prioritized medium access for
those flows, which ensures a weighted medium access control mechanism based on probabilistic round robin scheduling. Each
flow maintains a flow-table upon which the rank is calculated and backoff value is assigned according to the rank of the flow, i.e., lower backoff interval
to lower ranked flow. However, flow-table instability due to joining of a new flow, partially backlogged flow, hidden terminal and partially overlapped region exhibits
a challenging problem that needs to be mitigated for our mechanism to work properly. We take appropriate measures to make
the flow-table stabilized under such scenarios. Results show that our mechanism achieves better throughput and fairness compared to IEEE
802.11 MAC and existing ones. 相似文献
993.
994.
This study characterizes and optimizes natural convection heat transfer of two Newtonian Al2O3 and TiO2/water nanofluids in a cylindrical enclosure. Nusselt number (Nu) of nanofluids in relation to Rayleigh number (Ra) for different concentrations of nanofluids is investigated at different configurations and orientations of the enclosure. Results show that adding nanoparticles to water has a negligible or even adverse influence upon natural convec-tion heat transfer of water:only a slight increase in natural convection heat transfer of Al2O3/water is observed, while natural convection heat transfer for TiO2/water nanofluid is inferior to that for the base fluid. Results also reveal that at low Ra, the likelihood of enhancement in natural convection heat transfer is more than at high Ra:at low Ra, inclination angle, aspect ratio of the enclosure and nanoparticle concentration influence natural convec-tion heat transfer more pronouncedly than that in high Ra. 相似文献
995.
Seyed Mohammad Bagher Hashemi Mary Susan Brewer Javad Safari Masoud Nowroozi Moosa Hamid Abadi Sherahi Behrooz Sadeghi 《International Journal of Food Properties》2016,19(2):257-271
Antioxidant activity, reaction mechanisms, and kinetics of Matricaria recutita crude extract (CE; total phenolics: 41 ± 2.5 mg/g, total flavonoids: 26 ± 1.4 mg/g, IC50: 82.3 ± 2.8 µg/mL and reducing power: 10.45 ± 0.56 mmol Fe2+/mass) in comparison to tert-Butylhydroquinone during oxidation of blended vegetable oil (sunflower, soybean, and palm oil) at 120, 130, and 140°C were studied. Good correlations existed between the Rancimat oil stability index and stability indices (induction period) calculated from peroxide value, conjugated diene value, and anisidine value with no significant differences in kinetic parameters calculated from them. The temperature acceleration (Q10), activation energy (Ea), frequency factor (A), enthalpy (ΔH++), entropy (ΔS++), and free energy of activation (ΔG++) for oils containing crude extract were lower than for oils containing tert-Butylhydroquinone (0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, and 0.02%). Values were independent of crude extract or tert-Butylhydroquinone concentration. For crude extract and tert-Butylhydroquinone, Ea and A were well correlated with ΔH++ and ΔS++ values, respectively, but correlation between Ea and Q10 for crude extract compared to tert-Butylhydroquinone was poor. Furthermore, the rate of Monounsaturated:Polyunsaturated fatty acids formation did not differ significantly between crude extract and tert-Butylhydroquinone, but concentrations of them did affect Monounsaturated:Polyunsaturated ratio. Based on the results obtained, crude extract decreased the rate of the oxidation reaction due to the decrease in the concentration of the activated complex and reduction in the rate at which the activated complex dissociated into oxidation products. 相似文献
996.
Bagherpour-Torghabeh Hamed Raiszadeh Ramin Doostmohammadi Hamid 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2018,49(6):3456-3469
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The free surface of aluminum melt, during stirring under different rotation speeds in unbaffled and baffled crucibles, was simulated numerically using a... 相似文献
997.
Electroless nickel-boron (Ni-B) was synthesized on mild steel or copper surface. The deposition of thin electroless Ni-B films using an acidic bath having nickel chloride as a source of nickel and dimethylamine borane (DMAB) as a reducing agent and operated at low temperature has been investigated in this paper. The effect of the plating time and temperature on the quality of Ni-B coatings was estimated. The results revealed that the plating rate decreases with increasing plating time and increases with increasing plating temperatures. The boron (B) content of the electroless Ni-B layer increased with increasing temperature. The resulting surfaces were examined and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD analysis was performed to investigate structural modifications. Microhardness, corrosion and oxidation resistance of electroless as-plated and heat-treated Ni-B coatings, were evaluated. The effect of heat treatment temperature on the phase structure and microhardness of Ni-B coated at different temperatures was discussed. XRD patterns reveal that electroless Ni-B coatings deposited at 60 and 80 °C are amorphous in as-plated condition and undergo phase transformation to crystalline nickel and nickel borides upon heat-treatment. Heat treatment achieved significant improvement in the microhardness and corrosion resistance due to the formation of the Ni-B compound phases (Ni3B). 相似文献
998.
This paper deals with dynamic reliability of embedded systems. It presents a method for deriving feared scenarios (which might lead the system to a critical situation) in Petri nets. A classical way to obtain scenarios in Petri nets is to generate the reachability graph. However, for complex systems, it leads to the state space explosion. To avoid this problem, in our approach, Petri net reachability is translated into provability of linear logic sequents. Linear logic bases are introduced and used to formally define scenarios and minimality of scenarios. These definitions allow the method to produce only pertinent scenarios. The steps of the method are described and illustrated through a landing-gear system example. 相似文献
999.
Accurate event-driven motion compensation in high-resolution PET incorporating scattered and random events 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rahmim A Dinelle K Cheng JC Shilov MA Segars WP Lidstone SC Blinder S Rousset OG Vajihollahi H Tsui BM Wong DF Sossi V 《IEEE transactions on medical imaging》2008,27(8):1018-1033
1000.
Hamed Mirhosseini Chin Ping Tan Nazimah S.A. Hamid Salmah Yusof Boo Huey Chern 《Food Hydrocolloids》2009
The present work was conducted to investigate the influence of main emulsion components, namely Arabic gum (7–13% w/w), xanthan gum (0.1–0.3% w/w) and orange oil (6–10% w/w) contents on physical stability, viscosity, cloudiness and conductivity of orange beverage emulsion. In this study, 20 orange beverage emulsions were established based on a three-factor central composite design (CCD) involving 8 factorial points, 6 axial points and 6 center points. The main objective of the present study was to determine an optimal concentration level of main emulsion components leading to an optimum orange beverage emulsion with desirable physicochemical properties. In general, all response surface models were significantly (p<0.05) fitted for describing the variability of physical stability, viscosity, conductivity and cloudiness as a nonlinear function of the content of main emulsion components. More than 84% of the variation of physicochemical properties of orange beverage emulsion could be explained as a function of the content of the main beverage emulsion components. In general, the orange oil content appeared to be the most significant (p<0.05) factor influencing all emulsion characteristics studied except for conductivity. From the optimization procedure, the overall optimal region leading to the desirable orange beverage emulsion was predicted to be achieved by the combined level of 13% (w/w) Arabic gum, 0.22% (w/w) xanthan gum and 10% (w/w) orange oil. 相似文献