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101.
Shiun-Chi Jan Shyh-Kang Jeng 《Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on》1997,46(4):1021-1026
A novel method for microcellular communications to predict propagation characteristics is presented in this paper. It takes into account multiple reflections among walls, ground, vehicles, as well as the transmission/reflection due to groups of trees. Although these are three-dimensional (3-D) problems, we can combine two-dimensional (2-D) ray tracing and simple 3-D geometric considerations to solve them in a very efficient way. We have investigated the propagation loss versus size, number, and locations of vehicles and groups of trees on a safe island. Our results show that the radio wave propagation exhibits severe fast fading, attenuation, and blockage due to reflection, transmission, and shadowing, respectively 相似文献
102.
Between 1989 and 1994, 42 patients with circumferential skin avulsion of lower extremities were treated with full-thickness skin graft from defatted avulsed flap. Among them, 39 patients were run over by rubber tires during car accidents; the remaining 3 patients were victims of industrial accidents by roller machines. The full-thickness skin grafts were prepared from the avulsed skin flap in attachment to avoid junctional hypertrophic scarring. They were then secured with multiple skin staples to their anatomical position to improve skin graft take. Initial take of graft averaged 91 percent (ranged from 75 percent to 100 percent). Twelve patients underwent secondary overgrafting after tangential excision of non-viable skin graft. Follow-up averaging 2.6 years revealed stable wounds in most of the patients. Ten patients experienced occasional breakdown of skin graft in the patella and popliteal fossa, which was treated conservatively. Except for five who had deformed contours of the leg due to muscle transfers, the patients were satisfied with the cosmetic appearance of their legs. Compared with conventional methods, this approach provided better appearance and less contracture. 相似文献
103.
Cheng-I Chang Xiao-Li Zhao Althouse M.L.G. Jeng Jong Pan 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on》1998,36(3):898-912
An orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) method using linear mixture modeling was recently explored in hyperspectral image classification and has shown promise in signature detection, discrimination, and classification. In this paper, the OSP is revisited and extended by three unconstrained least squares subspace projection approaches, called signature space OSP, target signature space OSP, and oblique subspace projection, where the abundances of spectral signatures are not known a priori but need to be estimated, a situation to which the OSP cannot be directly applied. The proposed three subspace projection methods can be used not only to estimate signature abundance, but also to classify a target signature at subpixel scale so as to achieve subpixel detection. As a result, they can be viewed as a posteriori OSP as opposed to OSP, which can be thought of as a priori OSP. In order to evaluate these three approaches, their associated least squares estimation errors are cast as a signal detection problem ill the framework of the Neyman-Pearson detection theory so that the effectiveness of their generated classifiers can be measured by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. All results are demonstrated by computer simulations and Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data 相似文献
104.
The understanding of solidification curves is crucial for the control of many solidification processes. The solidification
curves of seven commercial aluminum alloys (1050, 1070, 1100, 3003, 3004, 5052, and 7075) were determined by using a differential
thermal analysis (DTA) coupled with a mathe-matical modeling method, which has advantages over the conventional quenching
method or the solidification modeling method. With the proposed technique in this study, the whole spectrum of the solidification
curve can be determined with high reliability, without requiring the knowledge of a number of thermophysical parameters, which
are usually difficult to obtain. 相似文献
105.
Homogenization of monomer droplets and polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) miniemulsion, stabilized by a combination of cationic surfactants including different amounts of n‐hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HTMA) and chitosan 100, were investigated. With increasing HTMA concentration or decreasing concentration of chitosan 100, the required ultrasonication time for the miniemulsion to reach a critically stabilized state is reduced. After polymerization, for higher HTMA concentrations, droplet nucleation dominates because of higher surface coverage of HTMA on the droplets. However, for lower HTMA concentrations, the size distributions (SDs) of final latex particles are different from those of the droplets. Because surface coverage of HTMA on the droplets is lower in this condition, both droplet nucleation and homogeneous and/or micellar nucleation occur simultaneously in the miniemulsion polymerization. On increasing the concentration of chitosan 100 in the system, the SD of the final latex particles is far different from that of the droplets. This is due to a decrease of the effective surface coverage of chitosan 100 and HTMA on the droplets. Consequently, the opportunity of collision coalescence of the droplets increases, and MMA molecules can diffuse out more easily into the aqueous phase. Droplet nucleation is, therefore, no longer the major source for the latex particles. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
106.
107.
Preparation and thermal properties of epoxy-silica nanocomposites from nanoscale colloidal silica 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Epoxy-silica nanocomposites were obtained from directly blending diglycidylether of bisphenol-A and nanoscale colloidal silica and then curing with 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane. The epoxy-silica nanocompoites showed good transparency and miscibility observed with AFM, SEM, and TEM. The thermal stability of the epoxy resins was improved with the incorporation of the colloidal silica. However, a depression on the glass transition temperature of the resins was observed, owing to the plasticizing effect of the colloidal silica. Moreover, the nanoscale colloidal silica did not show effectively synergistic effect on char formation and flame retardance with phosphorus. 相似文献
108.
Jagannathan B. Khater M. Pagette F. Rieh J.-S. Angell D. Chen H. Florkey J. Golan F. Greenberg D.R. Groves R. Jeng S.J. Johnson J. Mengistu E. Schonenberg K.T. Schnabel C.M. Smith P. Stricker A. Ahlgren D. Freeman G. Stein K. Subbanna S. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》2002,23(5):258-260
This paper reports on SiGe NPN HBTs with unity gain cutoff frequency (fT) of 207 GHz and an fMAX extrapolated from Mason's unilateral gain of 285 GHz. fMAX extrapolated from maximum available gain is 194 GHz. Transistors sized 0.12×2.5 μm2 have these characteristics at a linear current of 1.0 mA/μm (8.3 mA/μm2). Smaller transistors (0.12×0.5 μm2) have an fT of 180 GHz at 800 μA current. The devices have a pinched base sheet resistance of 2.5 kΩ/sq. and an open-base breakdown voltage BVCEO of 1.7 V. The improved performance is a result of a new self-aligned device structure that minimizes parasitic resistance and capacitance without affecting fT at small lateral dimensions 相似文献
109.
Isoparametric,finite element,variational solution of integral equations for three-dimensional fields
An improved numerical method, based on a variational approach with isoparametric finite elements, is presented for the solution of the boundary integral equation formulation of three-dimensional fields. The technique provides higher-order approximation of the unknown function over a bounding surface described by two-parameter, non-planar elements. The integral equation is discretized through the Rayleigh–Ritz procedure. Convergence to the solution for operators having a positive-definite component is guaranteed. Kernel singularities are treated by removing them from the relevant integrals and dealing with them analytically. A successive element iterative process, which produces the solution of the large dense matrix of the complete structure, is described. The discretization and equation solution take place one element at a time resulting in storage and computational savings. Results obtained for classical test models, involving scalar electrostatic potential and vector elastostatic displacement fields, demonstrate the technique for the solution of the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. Solution of the Fredholm equation of the second kind is to be reported subsequently. 相似文献
110.
Chung J. Jeng M. Moon J.E. Wu A.T. Chan T.Y. Ko P.K. Hu C. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》1988,9(4):186-188
A photoresist-ashing process has been developed which, when used in conjunction with conventional g-line optical lithography, permits the controlled definition of deep-submicrometer features. The ultrafine lines were obtained by calibrated ashing of the lithographically defined features in oxygen plasma. The technique has been successfully used to fabricate MOSFETs with effective channel length as small as 0.15 μm that show excellent characteristics. An NMOS ring oscillator with 0.2-μm devices has been fabricated with a room-temperature propagation delay of 22 ps/stage. Studies indicate that the thinning is both reproducible and uniform so that it should be usable in circuit as well as device fabrication. Since most polymer-based resist materials are etchable with an oxygen plasma, the basic technique could be extended to supplement other lithographic processes, including e-beam and X-ray processes, for fabricating both silicon and nonsilicon devices and circuits 相似文献