皮革与时尚

文化与时尚如今，一旦进入了时尚的世界，人们的具体居住地点已经完全无关紧要。我们曾经非常熟悉的文化似乎已经难以承受一轮又一轮，一波快似一波的时尚冲击了，而这种时尚变化却又是植根于广阔的世界大市场的。在过去几年里，中国的一些大城市发生了巨大的变化，人们的生活水平得到了提高，生活方式也发生了明显的改观。香港的回归，中国与其他国家的密切交往，尤其是那场东南亚的金融危机使得中国——这个世界人口最多的国家，成为最受全球瞩目的亮点，成为下个世纪最有希望的地方。世界的时尚舞台越来越多地融入了中国文化，也有越来越…     

An experimental technique to measure the shunt resistance across a local region of a floating junction

The inclusion of a floating junction (FJ) at the surface of a solar cell is one way to obtain good-quality surface passivation. The development of FJ-passivated solar cells, however, has been hindered by the frequent occurrence of shunting across the FJ. Shunting can occur at specific regions of the FJ, such as at isolated points of the base contact or at the edges of the solar cell. This paper presents an experimental technique to determine the shunt resistance across local regions of an FJ, thereby providing a means to compare the prevalence of shunting in one region to another. By locating and quantifying the shunting in specific regions of an FJ, valuable insight into its cause can be obtained.     

Directional scattering from the glossy flower of Ranunculus: how the buttercup lights up your chin

The bright and glossy appearance of the flowers of Ranunculus repens was investigated spectroscopically and the optical results were correlated with the layered anatomy of the petal. The highly directional reflected light arises from the partially transparent, pigment-bearing epidermal layer, while a more diffused yellow colour is the result of scattering from the lower starch layer. This directionality of the light reflections causes the unusually intense gloss of the buttercup flower and the strong yellow reflection evident when holding the flower under the chin.     

The negative self-concept in clinical depression: A discourse analysis.

Traditional models of depression have received criticism for their individualistic approach that focuses on hypothetical, unobservable, inner states or processes and attempts to abstract these processes from the context of a person's everyday life experiences. In response to this criticism, the current research advances a contrasting discursive account of depression in which depression is investigated as a socially negotiated phenomenon. Eight women and 8 men (aged 23–57 yrs) with a diagnosis of major depression were interviewed about their experiences of depression. The interviews were then discourse analyzed. Both similarities and differences in the way women and men talked about depression were observed; however, only similarities are reported in the current article. The discourse analysis shows that participants actively resisted taking blame for their depression and constructed themselves as worthy persons. The discrepancy of these results with traditional depression theory and research, in which depressed persons are described as inherently self-blaming, is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correction to Hutchison, Balota, and Duchek (2010).

Reports an error in "The utility of Stroop task switching as a marker for early-stage Alzheimer's disease" by Keith A. Hutchison, David A. Balota and Janet M. Ducheck (Psychology and Aging, 2010[Sep], Vol 25[3], 545-559). Author Janet M. Duchek’s name was misspelled as Janet M. Ducheck. The online version has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-18944-003.) Past studies have suggested attentional control tasks such as the Stroop task and the task-switching paradigm may be sensitive for the early detection of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). The authors of the current study combined these tasks to create a Stroop switching task. Performance was compared across young adults, older adults, and individuals diagnosed with very mild dementia. Results indicated that this task strongly discriminated individuals with healthy aging from those with early-stage DAT. In a logistic regression analysis, incongruent error rates from the Stroop switching task discriminated healthy aging from DAT better than any of the other 18 cognitive tasks given in a psychometric battery. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Writing as thinking.

Writing is analyzed as thinking that uses paper or other media to externalize and manipulate symbolic expressions. Mental operations of natural language can occur somewhat independently, and they communicate well with language that has been written, but for skilled writing these operations need elaborate installation in the mind. We explore four methods to see how expert writers externalize thoughts and interact with them: laboratory comparisons of novices and experts, interviews with accomplished writers (mostly of prose fiction), biographical analysis of Jane Austen's development as a writer, and consideration of Gustave Flaubert's notes and drafts. Writers can use paper to extend their thinking, and to create frameworks of cues that enable readers of a story to construct mental models that they may enter empathetically. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Computer Scientist, Software Engineer, or IT Professional: Which Do You Think You Are?

Job titles and functions shift quickly in the IT world, but some broad classifications can be useful for identifying what people do and how they view themselves. In some ways, the category of "IT professional" is the most broadly encompassing, but many people identify more closely with subspecialties such as "software engineer" or "computer scientist."     

Stacked inverted top-emitting green electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes on glass and flexible glass substrates

Stacked inverted top-emitting green electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are demonstrated on glass and flexible glass substrates. A single-unit OLED is shown to have a current efficacy of 46.8 cd/A at a luminance of 1215 cd/m². When two of these OLEDs are stacked, the double-unit OLED exhibits a current efficacy more than twice that of the single-unit OLED, with a current efficacy of 97.8 cd/A at a luminance of 1119 cd/m². With the addition of an optical outcoupling layer of N,N′-Di-[(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl]-1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine (α-NPD) on top of the semitransparent gold anode, the double-unit stacked OLED achieves a maximum current efficacy of 205 cd/A at a luminance of 103 cd/m², maintaining a high current efficacy of 200 cd/A at a luminance of 1011 cd/m². These stacked inverted OLED combine the advantages of inverted OLEDs with the benefits of having a stacked architecture.