A unified framework for peak detection and alignment: application to HR-MAS 2D NMR spectroscopy

In this paper, we propose a new scheme to detect and align simultaneously peaks that correspond to different metabolites within a biopsy. The proposed peak detection and alignment scheme is based on the use of evidence theory, which is well suited to model uncertainty and imprecision characterizing the 2D NMR HR-MAS spectra. Consequently, we propose the coupling use of Bayesian and fuzzy set theories to model and quantify the imprecision degree, which is then exploited to define the mass function. We particularly show that our new mass function definition and the use of evidence theory for peak detection and alignment achieve consistently high performance compared to a Bayesian scheme on both synthetic and real spectra. The high quality of peak alignment precision reached by the use of evidence theory allows us to efficiently detect reliable biomarkers, which is an essential step for a better therapeutic and human complement system management in case of multiple sclerosis disease, cancer, etc.     

垂直Cu2ZnSnS4纳米线太阳能电池吸收层的研究与制备

采用两步电化学沉积法制备了CZTS薄膜和CZTS纳米线阵列,对450～650℃硫化温度下的CZTS薄膜的形貌和物相结构进行了分析,结果表明:在550℃硫化条件下可以获得锌黄锡矿相的CZTS.以阳极氧化铝(AAO)作为模板,采用了"先硫化,后移除AAO模板"和"先移除AAO模板,后硫化"两种方式对Cu-Zn-Sn预制层进行处理,得到了垂直形貌的CZTS纳米线,保证了纳米线的完整性和较好的垂直度.在0.2～2μm入射光波范围,与CZTS薄膜相比,CZTS纳米线平均反射率降低20％,展现了良好的减反射特性,有利于增大吸收层的吸收;同时也通过优化硫化工艺顺序为制备垂直的CZTS纳米线提供了新思路.     

The nonyl phthalate ester and its use in flexible PVC

Six di-nonyl phthalates varying in degree of branching are evaluated in both suspension and low soap plastisol resin formulations. Comparative plasticizer performance properties of these systems are studied in terms of plasticizer structural differences and their affects on processing parameters and physical properties of suspension resin and low soap dispersion resin formulations.     

Azeotropic data for the systems formed by representatives of the homologous series of alkanes and alcohols

Data on azeotropic mixtures published in the literature often show large scattering. In this study two experimental methods are developed for determination of these data: one method is based on determination of the position of the minimum in the boiling point curve; the other method is based on distillation by means of a very efficient column. Both methods are applied to the systems formed by the representatives of the homologous series of alkanes from pentane to nonane branched hydrocarbons also included and of the homologous series of alcohols from ethanol to pentanol. The results obtained by both methods are in good mutual agreement. This increases the reliability of the data. The data are also computed by means of a method based on the group contribution method. Agreement of computed and experimental data is satisfactory.     

Apparatus for rapid casting of tubular cellulose acetate reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration membranes

An improved apparatus is described for making tubular cellulose acetate membranes for reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration applications. The incorporation of an adjustable centering-bob and a sleeve in the design of the casting-bob housing, and the inclusion of an automatically controlled electrical water probe at the bottom of the casting-bob are the novel features of the apparatus. The adjustable centering-bob offers the capability of regulating the passage for the flow of the casting solution during film casting; this capability makes the casting-bob housing useful for a wide range of casting solution viscosities necessary for making both reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration membranes. The sleeve incorporated in the design makes it possible to switch from one tube-casting to the next immediately without any need for the intermediate time consuming operation of cleaning up the casting-bob system. Thus a single casting-bob housing is sufficient for making a plurality of membranes, one after another, with little loss of time between castings. The water probe maintains in the casting tube any desired length of air-zone for the freshly cast membrane. The operation of the apparatus is amenable to a high degree of automation. These features make the apparatus particularly suitable for industrial utilization.