Stimulation of Bone Healing by Sustained Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) Delivery

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein2 (BMP-2) incorporated in a polymeric implant coating on bone healing. In vitro analysis revealed a sustained, but incomplete BMP-2 release until Day 42. For the in vivo study, the rat tibia osteotomy was stabilized either with control or BMP-2 coated wires, and the healing progress was followed by micro computed tomography (μCT), biomechanical testing and histology at Days 10, 28, 42 and 84. MicroCT showed an accelerated formation of mineralized callus, as well as remodeling and an increase of mineralized/total callus volume (p = 0.021) at Day 42 in the BMP-2 group compared to the control. Histology revealed an increased callus mineralization at Days 42 and 84 (p = 0.006) with reduced cartilage at Day 84 (p = 0.004) in the BMP-2 group. Biomechanical stiffness was significantly higher in the BMP-2 group (p = 0.045) at Day 42. In summary, bone healing was enhanced after sustained BMP-2 application compared to the control. Using the same drug delivery system, but a burst release of BMP-2, a previous published study showed a similar positive effect on bone healing. Distinct differences in the healing outcome might be explained due to the different BMP release kinetics and dosages. However, further studies are necessary to adapt the optimal release profiles to physiological mechanisms.     

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the antioxidant properties of porcine liver protein hydrolysates

In this study, the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the antioxidant activity of porcine liver protein hydrolysates (PLPHs) was investigated. The results showed that the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and peptide contents of the PLPHs increased as the time of ultrasonication increased. The hydrolysate pretreated with ultrasonication for 60 s exhibited the highest DH and peptide contents. The hydrolysate pretreated with ultrasonication for 45 s exhibited the highest ferrous ion chelating ability and reducing power. The hydrolysate pretreated with ultrasonication for 30 s exhibited the highest 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and the higher inhibitory activity in the linoleic acid autoxidation system. The molecular weight of peptides in the hydrolysates was less than 6.2 kDa. The results clearly demonstrated that ultrasonic pretreatment enhances the antioxidant activities of the PLPHs in a short period of time (15–30 s).     

等温热处理对U-2Nb合金力学性能的影响研究

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸、压缩实验等分析测试方法,系统地研究了U-2Nb合金450℃~635℃的等温相变过程及其对应的力学性能变化,对结构与性能的关联做了分析总结。结果表明U-2Nb合金在550℃-635℃的等温热处理过程中存在两类特征鲜明的显微组织样貌,影响它们力学性能的主要因素是针状组织或者胞状组织的片层间距,受温度与时间的共同影响。片层间距主要取决于其形成温度,温度越高,片层间距越大,强度随之降低,塑性随之提升,等温时间与片层间距呈正相关。这一温区内获得的最好综合性能为延伸率22%,断面收缩率27.4%,抗拉强度875Mpa,屈服强度410Mpa。在450℃~500℃进行淬火并回火的样品主要形貌特征为针状马氏体与回火形成的团状组织共存状态,影响其力学性能的主要因素可能是针状马氏体的织构与回火生成的颗粒状组织的分布与大小,其整体强度高,均在1000Mpa以上,塑性差,延伸率与断面收缩率均在5%以内。等温温度对其强度的影响相对塑性更大,延长等温时间对其塑性有微弱改善。     

Emulation of gas‐liquid flow in packed beds for offshore floating applications using a swell simulation hexapod

A laboratory‐scale packed column was positioned on a six degree of freedom swell simulation hexapod to emulate the hydrodynamics of packed bed scrubbers/reactors onboard offshore floating systems. The bed was instrumented with wire mesh capacitance sensors to measure liquid saturation and velocity fields, flow regime transition, liquid maldistribution, and tracer radial and axial dispersion patterns while robot was subject to sinusoidal translation (sway, heave) and rotation (roll, roll + pitch, yaw) motions at different frequencies. Three metrics were defined to analyze the deviations induced by the various column motions, namely, coefficient of variation and degree of uniformity for liquid saturation fluctuating fields, and effective Péclet number. Nontilting oscillations led to frequency‐independent maldistribution while tilting motions induced swirl/zigzag secondary circulation and prompted nonuniform maldistribution oscillations that deteriorated with decreasing frequencies. Regardless of excited degree of freedom, a qualitative loss of plug‐flow character was observed compared with static vertical beds which worsened as frequencies decreased. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2354–2367, 2015     

基于Solidworks的RV减速器测量建模及装配

机器人用RV减速器是以传统针摆行星传动为基础,结合行星齿轮传动发展而来,具有体积小、传动比范围大、精度保持稳定、传动平稳等优点,是工业机器人传动的核心部件之一.以RV减速器实物拆卸、测绘实验为基础,阐述在无标准数据参考的情况下对RV减速器进行测量,在Solidworks软件依照测量数据对零部件进行三维建模,以减速器实物的零部件实际配合情况为参考对零件进行局部配合修改,并分层仿真装配的实验过程,并针对摆线轮廓的画法进行着重讲述,既能够直观地了解RV减速器的组成结构和传动原理,也能够掌握对陌生机械零部件认识方法和三维建模、装配能力,为后续深入了解其他机械零部件的研究提供可行性帮助.     

Solid‐phase preparation method of silica‐supported 2,2′‐methylenebis(6‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methyl‐phenol) and its antioxidative behavior in styrene‐butadiene rubber

A solid‐phase preparation method is applied to the synthesis of a novel supported rubber antioxidant, silica–supported 2,2′‐methylenebis(6‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methyl‐phenol) (SiO₂‐2246), by directly reacting 2,2′‐methylenebis (6‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methyl‐phenol)(antioxidant 2246) with silica. FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and TGA confirm that the antioxidant 2246 is chemically bonded on the surface of the silica particles. The SEM observation shows that the SiO₂‐2246 is homogeneously dispersed in the styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix. The results of the apparent activation energy and the attenuated total reflectance infrared spectrometry indicate that the antioxidative efficiency of the SiO₂‐2246 in SBR is superior to the corresponding low‐molecular‐weight 2246. The thermal oxidative stability of the SBR/SiO₂‐2246 composites is much higher than that of the SBR/SiO₂/2246 composites by comparing their mechanical properties retentions and crosslinking densities. Additionally, the advantages of SiO₂‐2246 also include low migration, low volatility, and low pollution. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43014.     

Experimental study on the penetration interfaces of pipes with different cross‐sections in overflow water‐assisted coinjection molding

The residual wall thicknesses (RWT) of the skin and the inner layers are important quality indicators of water‐assisted co‐injection molding (WACIM) parts. The influences of the shape of the cavity cross section and the processing parameters, including the water pressure, water delay time, inner melt temperature, and inner melt flow rate, on the penetration of the inner melt and water were explored via experiments. The results showed that the shape of the penetration section of the inner melt was closer to the cavity section with round corners, while that of the water ended up being round. Both the penetration ratios of the inner melt and the water increased proportionally with increasing circle ratio. Both the minimum values of the total RWT and the inner melt RWT increased with increasing circle ratio. Both the maximum values of the total RWT and the inner melt RWT increased with increasing Max_D, which is the maximum distance between the inscribed circle center and the wall. Both the penetration ratios of the inner melt and the water increased with increasing water pressure, decreased with increasing water delay time, and increased with increasing inner melt flow rate and increasing inner melt temperature. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 132, 42866.     

Effects of Oxidation Curing of Polycarbosilane on Dielectric and Microwave Absorption Properties of PDCs‐SiC Ceramics

Polycarbosilane (PCS) was cured by oxidizing at different temperatures and pyrolyzed at 1000°C in vacuum. The dielectric properties of SiC ceramics were studied in X band. The ε′ and ε″ of SiC ceramics derived from oxidation‐curing PCS decreased to 4 and 0.35, respectively, which attribute to the decrease of free carbon content and order. SiC ceramic derived from PCS cured at 180°C showed that reflection loss was lower than ?10 dB in the frequency range from 8.2 to 11.3 GHz and the minimum value was ?26.7 dB at 9.6 GHz, which exhibits a promising prospect as microwave‐absorbing materials.