To understand the adsorption properties of a styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer functionalized with N,N,N-trimethylglycine, AMP03, the adsorption behaviours for platinoid ions (Ru(III), Rh(III) and Pd(II)) were examined. Furthermore, we performed adsorption experiments using sample solutions by adding triethylamine, thiourea and N,N,N-trimethylglycine. Based on the adsorption data obtained in this study, we performed chromatographic experiments. The results indicated that all platinoid ions in the feed solution completely adsorbed on AMP03, and almost 80% of the adsorbed platinoid ions were recovered. These results show that AMP03 has the potential to recover Ru(III), Rh(III) and Pd(II) from high-level liquid waste. 相似文献
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) has attracted attention as a technology for utilizing wet biomass. We used a fluidized bed of alumina particles to prevent blockage of a SCWG reactor. A glucose solution was heated in the reactor with and without fluidized alumina particles. In the absence of alumina particles, char particles formed homogeneously in the reactor, but the use of a fluidized bed resulted in accumulation of char particles at the reactor’s exit rather than inside the reactor. Therefore, the fluidized bed was effective at preventing blockage of the reactor. However, the alumina particles did not remove deposits from the reactor’s walls. Instead, the fluidized bed caused larger char particles to form, preventing their adhesion to the reactor’s wall. 相似文献
This study aimed to examine the feasibility of evaluating the stress level at the surface of lumber during drying using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with artificial neural networks (ANNs). Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) lumber with an initial moisture content ranging from 41.1 to 85.8% was dried using a commercial drying schedule. An ANN model for predicting surface-released strain (SRS) was developed based on NIR spectra collected from the lumber during drying. The predictive ability of the ANN model was compared with a partial least squares (PLS) regression model.
The ANN model showed good correlation between laboratory-measured SRS and predicted SRS with an R2 of 0.79, a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0009, and a ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) of 1.81. The PLS regression model gave a lower R2 of 0.69, a higher RMSEP of 0.0010, and a lower RPD of 1.38 than the ANN model, suggesting that the predictive performance of the ANN model was superior to the PLS regression model. The SRS evolution during drying as predicted by the models showed a similar trend to the laboratory-measured one. The predicted elapsed times to reach maximum tensile SRS and stress reversal roughly coincided with the laboratory-measured times. These results suggest that NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis has the potential to predict the drying stress level on the lumber surface and the critical periods during drying, such as the points of maximum tensile stress and stress reversal. 相似文献
A micro fabrication is presented to manufacture hydrophobic surfaces with micro-scale structures. Hydrophobicity is controlled with the shape and the alignment of micro pillars in the structure. The structures are manufactured in large areas at high production rates in the following processes: (1) the structure is fabricated on a tool by focused ion beam sputtering; (2) the reverse structure is formed on a metal plate by incremental stamping using the structured tool; and (3) the structure is transferred onto plastic plates by molding. A consecutive stamping is also proposed to fabricate several structures on a surface accurately with a structured tool, in which the moving pitch of the structured tool is numerically controlled. The effect of the surface topography on hydrophobicity is discussed with measuring contact angles on the structured surfaces in the water droplet tests. Hydrophobicity on the plastic plate is associated with the solid fraction on the structured surface based on the Cassie–Baxter model. A larger contact angle is observed for a smaller solid fraction of the surface. 相似文献
We apply a new framework of a finite-element method (FEM) analysis with constitutive relations based on density functional theory (DFT), as an efficient method to characterize the nonlinear and anisotropic elastic deformation of single-crystal diamond. In our scheme, the stress-strain relations are obtained during FEM analysis on the fly based on the plane-wave-based DFT total-energy calculations and their numerical database is simultaneously constructed, which enables us to obtain high-precision stress without any empirical parameters even under finite strained conditions. To check its validity and accuracy, the shear deformation behavior of diamond crystal is analyzed under the strained condition. Then we examine the nonlinear effects on the indentation deformation of diamond single crystal, by comparing the results from the DFT-based constitutive relations with those from the linear elastic ones. 相似文献
The purpose of this study is to investigate the vascular wall with a thermally self-regulating, cylindrical stent made of a low Curie temperature ferromagnetic alloy. Physiologic saline was circulated in the silicone model vessel implanted with the stent. The stent-temperature remained nearly constant for variable saline flows, saline temperatures, and magnetic flux densities. Stent implants of this type in human blood vessels could potentially enable thermotherapy and temperature determination without catheterization. 相似文献