The T Cell Repertoires from Nickel Sensitized Joint Implant Failure Patients

Nickel (Ni²⁺) is one of the most common allergens, affecting around 10–15% of the general population. As the demand for orthopedic implant surgery rises, the number of surgical revisions due to joint implant failure also increases. There is evidence that some patients develop joint failure due to an immune response to a component of the implant, and we have found that Ni²⁺ is an especially important cause. Hence, understanding the mechanisms by which Ni²⁺ allergy induces joint implant failure becomes a critical research question. The structural basis of Ni²⁺ activation of pathogenic T cells is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to characterize Ni²⁺-reactive T cell repertoires derived from the peripheral blood of joint failure patients due to Ni²⁺ sensitization using single-cell sequencing techniques. We stimulated the proliferation of Ni²⁺ -reactive T cells from two implant failure patients in vitro, and sorted them for single-cell VDJ sequencing (10× genomics). We identified 2650 productive V-J spanning pairs. Both TCR α chains and β chains were enriched. TRBV18 usage is the highest in the P7 CD4+ population (18.1%), and TRBV5-1 usage is the highest in the P7 CD8+ population (12.1%). TRBV19 and TRBV20-1 segments are present in a high percentage of both P7 and P9 sequenced T cells. Remarkably, the alpha and beta chain combination of TRAV41-TRBV18 accounts for 13.5% of the CD4+ population of P7 patient. Compared to current Ni specific T cell repertoire studies of contact dermatitis, the Vα and Vβ usages of these joint implant failure patients were different. This could be due to the different availability of self-peptides in these two different tissues. However, TRBV19 (Vβ17) was among frequently used TCR β chains, which are common in previous reports. This implies that some pathogenic T cells could be similar in Ni²⁺ hypersensitivities in skin and joints. The alignment of the TCR CDR3β sequences showed a conserved glutamic acid (Glu) that could potentially interact with Ni²⁺. The study of these Ni²⁺ specific TCRs may shed light on the molecular mechanism of T cell activation by low molecular weight chemical haptens.     

基于自动机理论的密码匹配方法

针对用户安全登录问题,提出了一种基于自动机的密码匹配模型.首先,对于用户任意输入的密码进行同态映射加密; 其次,构造出可接受加密密码的自动机——状态数目可变自动机(VNS - DFA),该自动机不仅能够匹配加密密码,同时还可以输出加密密码的同态原像以及匹配成功的次数; 最后,在状态数目可变的自动机上对用户输入的密码进行实验验证表明,用户建立的密码经过同态映射后可全部被该自动机接受,且该自动机的时间复杂度优于传统的DFA以及改进的DFA.     

基于再生核理论的月球车轨迹跟踪控制*

针对平整坡面上行驶的月球车,研究了基于再生核理论的月球车轨迹跟踪控制新方法.它是基于描述月球车运动的动力学模型方程,对有限时间内的期望轨迹进行采样;利用再生核方法,数值求解控制参数,从而实现月球车期望轨迹的跟踪控制.该方法计算量小、方法简单、精度高,且可实现任意的非线性曲线的期望轨迹追踪.数值实验验证了该方法的正确性和有效性.     

基于工程图三维重建中的预处理与信息提取技术研究*

提出了基于边界表示B-rep方法的工程图三维重建中对于二维工程图纸进行预处理和信息提取的一系列实用算法,涉及到工程图读入、实体过滤、视图分离、视图坐标规格化以及视图数据处理等流程.不但可以快速准确地获得二维工程视图中完备的几何信息和拓扑信息,而且处理对象并不局限于标准的工程三视图,对于工程一视图、二视图同样可以处理.这些算法已经应用于一个CAD原型系统并取得了较好的效果,为后续的三维重建工作提供了良好的基础.     

基于边缘提取的图像拼接

对车牌识别系统中的图像拼接问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于边缘提取的图像拼接算法.实验结果证明,该算法获得了理想的拼接效果.     

一种高动态范围图像可视化算法*

提出的自适应HDR图像可视化算法中,输入图像被分解为基本层和细节层.该算法将整体明暗效果的显示看做整体问题,对表示亮度的基本层采用基于整体统计信息的直方图调整算法处理;可视细节信息的保持作为局部问题,算法采用自适应细节增强算法处理细节层.通过定义映射图对细节增强后的图像进行最终映射,将两方面结合起来得到最终结果.实验结果表明,该算法能对HDR图像进行较高视觉质量的显示.     

Copper Assisted Inverted Pyramids Texturization of Monocrystalline Silicon in a Nitrogen Bubbling Bath for Highly Efficient Light Trapping

Silicon - Inverted pyramid (IP) texturization on silicon wafers has recently attracted attention for the structure’s light trapping ability and low specific surface area. The later property...     

不同温度下退火的二氧化钛纳米薄膜的光催化性能

采用磁控直流溅射的方法,使用TiO2靶材直接制备二氧化钛纳米薄膜,并在不同温度(500、550或600°C)下进行退火处理.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和紫外可见光分光光度计(UV-VIS)研究了热处理温度对TiO2纳米薄膜性能的影响.结果表明,热处理温度为550°C时TiO2纳米薄膜的光催化性能最佳,紫外光照1 h可降解22.90％的罗丹明B溶液.     

Orientated Immobilization of FAD-Dependent Glucose Dehydrogenase on Electrode by Carbohydrate-Binding Module Fusion for Efficient Glucose Assay

The discovery or engineering of fungus-derived FAD-dependent glucose 1-dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) is especially important in the fabrication and performance of glucose biosensors. In this study, a novel FAD-GDH gene, phylogenetically distantly with other FAD-GDHs from Aspergillus species, was identified. Additionally, the wild-type GDH enzyme, and its fusion enzyme (GDH-NL-CBM2) with a carbohydrate binding module family 2 (CBM2) tag attached by a natural linker (NL), were successfully heterogeneously expressed. In addition, while the GDH was randomly immobilized on the electrode by conventional methods, the GDH-NL-CBM2 was orientationally immobilized on the nanocellulose-modified electrode by the CBM2 affinity adsorption tag through a simple one-step approach. A comparison of the performance of the two electrodes demonstrated that both electrodes responded linearly to glucose in the range of 0.12 to 40.7 mM with a coefficient of determination R² > 0.999, but the sensitivity of immobilized GDH-NL-CBM2 (2.1362 × 10⁻² A/(M*cm²)) was about 1-fold higher than that of GDH (1.2067 × 10⁻² A/(M*cm²)). Moreover, a lower detection limit (51 µM), better reproducibility (<5%) and stability, and shorter response time (≈18 s) and activation time were observed for the GDH-NL-CBM2-modified electrode. This facile and easy immobilization approach used in the preparation of a GDH biosensor may open up new avenues in the development of high-performance amperometric biosensors.     

镍、碳共掺杂纳米二氧化钛薄膜的制备与光催化性能研究

为了增强纳米二氧化钛薄膜在紫外光下光催化降解罗丹明B溶液的能力,分别采用磁控直流溅射与射频溅射的方法,使用二氧化钛靶材、镍靶材、碳靶材,分别制备了碳非金属掺杂、镍金属掺杂以及镍、碳共掺杂的纳米二氧化钛薄膜,并利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和紫外可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）进行表征。SEM结果表明,与纯二氧化钛薄膜相比镍、碳共掺杂纳米二氧化钛薄膜晶粒细化,比表面积增大,薄膜表面聚集体为不规则的多边形颗粒状,有利于增大与污染物的接触面积;XRD结果表明该薄膜的晶粒减小,加快了光生电子空穴对的分离;薄膜的吸收极限红移,禁带宽度减小。在紫外光照射下,镍、碳共掺杂纳米二氧化钛薄膜的光催化性能最优,1 h降解了29.54%的罗丹明B溶液。