聚铝溶液pH值及盐基度的相关性研究

为聚铝溶液进行了ＰＨ值和盐基度的分析和估算,给出了聚铝溶液的极限ＰＨ值和极限盐基度与总溶解铝浓度的关系曲线,最终计算结果表明：在平衡条件下,聚铝溶液的ＰＨ值和盐基度具有相关性,即当基中一个参数发生变化时。另一个参数必然要发生相应的改变。     

Quantitative X-ray powder diffraction analysis of clay minerals in Australian coals using Rietveld methods

The mineralogy of clay-rich mineral matter isolated from a range of Australian bituminous coals has been evaluated in quantitative terms from X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns using a Rietveld-based data processing technique. The chemical composition of coal ash derived from this mineral matter has been calculated and compared to the directly determined composition of the ash prepared from the same coal samples. Although there are some minor differences due in part to uncertainty regarding the actual composition of several minerals, the compositions indicated by the two methods show a relatively high correlation, suggesting that the Rietveld technique provides mineralogical analyses that are consistent with independently determined chemical data. Comparison of the normalised clay mineral percentages from the Rietveld analysis to quantitative interpretations based on a peak intensities in glycolated and heat-treated oriented aggregates of the respective clay fractions also shows a high correlation, confirming mutual consistency of the two different mineralogical analysis methods. Such quantitative mineralogical data are significant to a range of coal exploration, mining and utilization activities, including seam correlation, material handling and ash and slag formation in combustion processes.     

转盘反应器固定米根霉的L－乳酸发酵

研究了米根霉的固定化方法，研制了用吸附法固定米根霉的生物转盘反应器，考察了在该反应器中培养基组成及其它操作条件对Ｌ－乳酸发酵的影响。实验结果表明，应用吸附法固定化的米根霉及生物转盘反应器进行Ｌ－乳酸发酵具有发酵速率快，Ｌ－乳酸得率高及既能用于连续发酵又能用于间歇发酵等优点     

气浮缔合物溶剂浮选光度法测定印染废水中染料含量

以活性艳红X-3B水溶液为模拟废水,阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为捕集剂,生成疏水性离子缔合物,正己醇为浮选溶剂,分离富集水中的活性艳红X-3B,光度法测定其含量.该法浮选萃取率＞96%,染料质量浓度在1～50 mg/L之间,溶剂中离子缔合物的吸光度与水中活性艳红X-3B的浓度,具有很好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 8,RSD为1.4%.并成功地将该法应用于实际印染废水的测定,加标回收率在90.0%～93.6%之间.     

Comparison of the construction of a 3-D model for human thromboxane synthase using P450cam and BM-3 as templates: implications for the substrate binding pocket

A 3-D model of human thromboxane A₂ synthase (TXAS) was constructedusing a homology modeling approach based on information fromthe 2.0 crystal structure of the hemoprotein domains of cytochromeP450BM-3 and P450cam. P450BM-3 is a bacterial fatty acid monooxygenaseresembling eukaryotic microsomal cytochrome P450s in primarystructure and function. TXAS shares 26.4% residue identity and48.4% residue similarity with the P450BM-3 hemoprotein domain.The homology score between TXAS and P450BM-3 is much higherthan that between TXAS and P450cam. Alignment between TXAS andthe P450BM-3 hemoprotein domain or P450cam was determined throughsequence searches. The P450BM-3 or P450cam main-chain coordinateswere spplied to the TXAS main chain in those sements where thetwo sequences were well aligned. These segments were linkedto one another using a fragment search method, and the sidechains were added to produce a 3-D model for TXAS. A TXAS substrate,prostaglandin H₂ (PGH₂) was docked into the TXAS cavity correspondingto the arachidonic acid binding pocket in P450BM-3 or camphorbinding site in P450cam. Regions of the heme and putative PGH2binding cavities in the TXAS model were identified and analyzed.The segments and residues involved in the active-site pocketof the TXAS model provide reasonable candidates for TXAS proteinengineering and inhibitor design. Comparison of the TXAS modelbased on P450BM-3 with another TXAS model based on the P450BM-3with another TXAS model based on the P450cam structure indicatedthat P450BM-3 is a more suitable template for homology modelingof TXAS.     

高效节能热泵错流多效蒸发复杂系统

为了大幅降低错流多效蒸发过程的能耗,首次将蒸汽喷射式热泵技术、冷凝水闪蒸和溶液闪蒸等3种节能措施同时运用到错流多效蒸发系统中,并建立了用矩阵方程描述的该系统的数学模型。模型具有很强的通用性,可实现热泵在任意效抽汽的功能,可简化为只有其中若干种节能措施组合或无上述节能措施的错流、并流、逆流多效蒸发系统的模型。在满足约束条件的前提下,模型存在最佳的热泵喷射系数和抽汽位置,同时采用上述3种节能措施且在最佳条件下模型是高效节能的。浓缩氢氧化钠溶液的热泵错流五效蒸发系统的模拟结果表明,当热泵的喷射系数为0.15、抽汽位置在第2效,采用冷凝水闪蒸和溶液闪蒸时系统节省的生蒸汽消耗量高达32.51%。     

自适应布谷鸟搜索算法

为了使布谷鸟搜索算法(Cuckoo Search,CS)在保持强大的全局搜索能力的同时,尽可能地提高局部搜索能力,在深入分析CS算法机理的基础上,将CS算法中影响布谷鸟搜索路径步长的参数β和布谷鸟蛋被发现(淘汰)的概率p_a由固定值改为随搜索过程自适应变化的动态参数,将越界的鸟窝折返回边界内、在当前代最优鸟窝附近的区域随机建立1个新的鸟窝、而非折返回边界上重新建立鸟窝,以提高算法的局部搜索能力和收敛速度。改进后的CS算法称为自适应布谷鸟搜索算法(Adaptive Cuckoo Search,ACS)。通过8个标准测试函数分别测试了CS算法和ACS算法的性能,结果表明,无论是简单的单峰函数还是复杂的多峰函数,无论是小型的低维函数还是大型的高维函数,ACS算法的寻优性能均超过CS算法。     

硬聚氯乙烯低发泡挤出成型研究

采用自由发泡挤出的方法研究了硬聚氯乙烯低发泡挤出成型的配方设计和工艺条件控制。讨论了稳定剂品种，改性剂品种和发泡剂用量对制品密度，泡孔结构以及外观表面的影响。还揭示了口模温度和螺杆转速与制品密度的关系。     

γ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3与其对应的氢氧化物对合成尖晶石的影响

以γ-Al2O3(勃姆石在700℃保温4 h热处理后的产物)、α-Al2O3(Al(OH)3在1 400℃保温4 h热处理后的产物)、勃姆石、Al(OH)3为原料,与轻烧MgO按n(Al2O3):n(MgO)=1的组成配料并制备试样,研究了在800～1 600 ℃下不同氧化铝及其对应的氢氧化物对合成尖晶石的影响.结果表明:γ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3分别同与其对应的氢氧化物为原料的试样具有相似的烧结性能;且以氢氧化物为原料比以氢氧化物煅烧后所得的氧化物为原料更有利于尖晶石的生成,但不利于尖晶石的致密化.     

异型密封条挤出模头的研制

橡胶异型密封条板式挤出模头设计的关键点是首。何使口模区各胶料质点的出口压力及流速均匀一致和如何确定口模的形状尺寸。根据流变学理论设计出初始口型曲线尺寸、并需进行试挤以修正口型曲线和尺寸。本文以一典型异型密封条挤出模头的研制为例，详细介绍了异型密封条挤出模头的设计方法及基本思路。