阻燃剂2,4,6-三(2,4,6-三溴苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪的合成及工业试验研究

对阻燃剂2,4,6-三(2,4,6-三溴苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪的相转移催化合成工艺进行了改进,完成了工业试验研究。通过向2,4,6-三溴苯酚、三聚氯氰的溶液中滴加氢氧化钠水溶液的方式进行相转移催化合成,考察了有机溶剂、物料摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间对反应的影响。用正交实验确定了最佳物料配比n(2,4,6-三溴苯酚)∶n(氢氧化钠)∶n(催化剂)∶n(三聚氯氰)=3.05∶3.05∶0.05∶1,经工艺优化,产品收率达到96.6%,用IR分析了产品结构。工业试验在3 m3反应釜中进行,消耗定额为:2,4,6-三溴苯酚800 kg、三聚氯氰146 kg、氢氧化钠96.4kg、二氯甲烷1 400 kg、乙醇1 000 kg。溶剂二氯甲烷和乙醇回收率达到90%以上,重复使用10次后,工业试验产品收率仍可达到95%。工业试验产品经热重分析,温度达到320℃时,失重为1%,在H IPS中应用结果表明,其机械性能、热性能和阻燃性能完全满足出口阻燃H IPS的技术指标要求。     

Catalytic characteristics of various rubber-reinforcing carbon blacks in decomposition of methane for hydrogen production

Carbon black has recently been reported to act as an effective catalyst for methane decomposition and to exhibit stable catalytic behavior despite carbon deposition, and thus it can be used for CO₂-free production of hydrogen from natural gas. In this work, various carbon blacks with different primary particle size were investigated with respect to methane decomposition under atmospheric pressure from 1123 to 1223 K. Catalytic characteristics, such as activity, activation energy and reaction order, were investigated and compared. It was observed that with decreasing primary particle size (or increasing specific surface area), the specific activity increased and the activation energy decreased. The reaction orders for various pelletized, rubber-reinforcing carbon blacks were 0.6–0.7, about the same regardless of the primary particle size, while they were near 1 for fluffy carbon blacks. Fluffy carbon black showed higher activity and activation energy than the pelletized carbon black of the same primary particle size. Changes of the surface morphology during carbon deposition were observed by TEM. Variations of the number of active sites were discussed in regard of the primary particle size, carbon deposition and binder. The presence of different types of active sites was also suggested.     

涂料PVC对涂料配套的影响

试制了环氧底漆用于复涂实验，考察了不同PVC含量对于复涂实验结果的影响。结果表明，PVC含量高于CPVC的环氧底漆上复涂时，会引起所复涂涂料起泡的漆膜缺陷。     

水热法制备纳米尖晶石型NiFe_2O_4及表征

分别采用水热法、共沉淀法合成了纳米尖晶石型铁氧体—NiFe2O4晶体,对两种方法所合成的样品进行了比较,分析了不同合成方法的优缺点,确定水热法为比较适宜的合成该类复合氧化物的方法,该法合成的NiFe2O4晶体的平均粒径仅为15.9nm,且粒度分布十分均匀。此外,通过对实验结果的测定与分析探讨了影响水热制备的几种可能的因素,确定了水热合成的适宜的沉淀剂为NaOH溶液,水热合成适宜的温度为200℃。     

聚合物多元醇产品质量的影响因素与控制

从内在和外在质量两个方面，简要论述了影响聚合物多元醇(POP)产品质量的因素和控制产品质量的措施。     

南水北调中线总干渠水质变化趋势及污染源分析

为了解和掌握南水北调中线总干渠水质状况,依据总干渠26个常规水质断面监测数据,分析了总干渠沿程水质变化趋势。结果表明,主要污染指标(CODMn、氨氮、总氮和总磷)呈现出沿程增加趋势。根据影响总干渠水质的潜在影响因素,分析了7类污染源(直接水污染、大气粉尘沉降、桥面雨水污染、底泥污染、周边垃圾场淋溶液污染、雨洪污染、受污染地下水)及其可能对干渠水质产生的影响程度,并针对不同污染源提出了防控对策,供管理部门决策参考。     

《超硬材料工程》的定位和目标

超硬材料行业有过辉煌的过去,也会具有光明的未来,这是《超硬材料工程》兴旺发达的基础.文章叙述了超硬材料发展的现状,展望了超硬材料行业发展的方向,以此为基础定位行业期刊《超硬材料工程》的发展方向和目标,并组建编辑委员会.认为刊物应该成为业内各界人士交流和获取信息的窗口,为超硬材料行业的美好明天而努力.     

挤压-犁削微沟槽热管传热性能的实验研究

受热管几何尺寸的限制,传统方法加工的具有沟槽式吸液芯结构的热管传热极限较小.采用挤压-犁削成形新方法加工小型圆热管内壁微沟槽,由于刀具的挤压,管内生成的微沟槽由主沟槽和次沟槽组成,从而改善了沟槽的几何尺寸,同时由于两种沟槽并联传热,该制造方法还能显著改善热管的传热性能.本文通过实验测试了这种新型热管的有效传热系数,并与文献材料比较,结果表明,挤压-犁削成形新方法加工的小型圆热管比普通方法加工的热管呈现出更好的传热特性.     

1,2,4-三氮唑类杀菌剂的研究进展

综述了1，2，4－三氮唑类杀菌剂的开发现状和研究进展，对其光学异构体的制备，构效关系及其分离等进行了讨论，指出1，2，4－三氮唑类杀菌剂具有高效、广谱、低毒、低抗性等特点，发展前景好。     

Viscoelastic properties of phenolphthalein poly(ether ketone)

Stress relaxation and dynamic mechanical behavior of phenolphthalein poly(ether ketone) (PEK-C) have been investigated. Using Ferry's reduction method, the master curve was obtained. From the experimental results, we found that the WLF equation is not appropriate in the lower-temperature range (T < T_g). The relaxation spectrum was calculated according to the first approximation method proposed by Schwarzl and Staverman. In addition to the α-transition region, a second transition zone is revealed at low temperature. This transition is probably due to a restricted motion of its main chain. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.