Chromium-Based Metal–Organic Framework as A-Site Cation in CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells

Inorganic CsPbI_xBr_3−x perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained enormous interest due to their excellent thermal stabilities. However, their intrinsically poor moisture stability hampers their further development. Herein, a chromium-based metal–organic framework group is intercalated inside the inorganic Pb I framework, resulting in a new multiple-dimensional electronically coupled CsPbI₂Br perovskite. In this structurally and electronically coupled perovskite, the π-conjugated terpyridyl can delocalize the excited valence electrons of metal Cr³⁺ ion, enabling multi-interactive charge-carrier transport channels within CsPbI₂Br perovskites. The stability and efficiency of the produced devices are substantially enhanced in comparison to their counterparts with only a pristine CsPbI₂Br active layer. The optimized all-inorganic PSC yields a power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 17.02%. Remarkably, the stabilized device retains 80% of its PCE after 1000 h in the ambient atmosphere. This study provides a new paradigm toward addressing the stability challenge of the inorganic perovskite while enhancing its carrier transport ability.     

脊形芯硫系光纤的制备及其线偏振超连续谱的产生

以Ge12As24Se64 (Ge-As-Se)和Ge10As24S66 (Ge-As-S)玻璃分别作为纤芯和包层材料,研制一种具有脊形芯的保偏硫系玻璃光纤,用于产生线偏振中红外超连续谱(MIR SC).利用有限元法模拟了脊形芯光纤的群速色散特性并确定了纤芯的几何尺寸,采用挤压法结合多级棒管法制备了该光纤.制备的光纤在2.9～5.5 μm波长的典型损耗约为4 dB/m,偏振消光比为19.4 dB～19.6 dB.采用中心波长为3.7 μm、脉冲宽度为170 fs、重复频率为100 kHz、平均功率为40 mW的激光抽运长度为12 cm的光纤,获得了光谱范围为2～9.5 μm、平均功率约为4 mW的超连续谱,偏振消光比约为19.2 dB.研究结果表明,脊形芯Ge-As-Se/Ge-As-S硫系玻璃光纤是一种有潜力产生线偏振中红外宽带超连续谱的非线性介质.     

Nonlinear robust control of a quadrotor helicopter with finite time convergence

In this paper, the control problem for a quadrotor helicopter which is subjected to modeling uncertainties and unknown external disturbance is investigated. A new nonlinear robust control strategy is proposed. First, a nonlinear complementary filter is developed to fuse the raw data from the onboard barometer and the accelerometer to decrease the negative effects from the noise associated with the low-cost onboard sensors Then the adaptive super-twisting methodology is combined with a backstepping method to formulate the nonlinear robust controller for the quadrotor''s attitude angles and the altitude position. Lyapunov based stability analysis shows that finite time convergence is ensured for the closed-loop operation of the quadrotor''s roll angle, pitch angle, row angle and the altitude position. Real-time flight experimental results, which are performed on a quadrotor flight testbed, are included to demonstrate the good control performance of the proposed control methodology.     

基于显著性检测的双目测距系统

为了提高双目视觉测距系统中图像匹配的实时性与测距的精度,提出一种将显著性检测与焦距拟合相结合的双目测距方法。首先对双目相机进行畸变矫正,并利用双目相机成像的特点拟合相机焦距与目标距离的关系,随后对所得图像进行显著性检测,并提取目标区域,最后,利用surf算子对提取出的区域进行特征匹配,将匹配点代入测距模型中得到目标物体的距离。结果表明:显著性检测方法明显提升算法执行速度,焦距拟合降低双目测距模型误差,明显提升双目测距精度。     

中国象棋机器人棋子定位与识别方法

针对中国象棋机器人系统中棋子定位与识别问题,提出了一种基于最小外接圆二次定位的定位方法和一种旋转差分识别算法。首先,采用Hough圆检测进行粗定位获取棋子区域,并对棋子进行均值二值化处理。随后,对二值化图像进行形态学处理,提取最大面积轮廓,并利用其最小外接圆实现棋子二次精准定位。最后,对二次定位修正后的图像进行旋转差分识别。以直径为15 mm的棋子为测试对象,利用我们研制的象棋机器人采集图像进行测试,结果表明,棋子的定位精度为0.5 mm,平均定位时间为2.6 ms;在保证棋子识别正确率在98%以上的情况下,单个棋子平均全流程运算时间为10 ms,完全满足现有象棋机器人需求。     

融合隐性特征的群体推荐方法研究

作为目前最成功的主流推荐方法,奇异值分解算法(SVD)将已知的海量数据建模并通过矩阵分解降维处理来得到有效信息;非负矩阵分解(NMF)则通过分解出非负矩阵元素来解释特征意义。这两种较为成功的方法均通过对显性反馈信息进行基于矩阵分解的处理得到用户的喜好信息来进行群体推荐。然而,仅凭用户的显性反馈信息有时无法准确反映用户的真实喜好。为解决上述问题,提出了一种针对这两种模型的改进方法,将隐性特征和基于隐性特征的群体权重计算方法融合进经典的矩阵分解算法,其中隐性特征可以完善用户的喜好信息,基于隐性特征的群体权重计算方法则根据群体的特点给予用户相应的权重,使得推荐的准确率得到提升。对该方法在KDD Cup 2012 Track1中的腾讯微博数据集上进行测试,实验结果表明在该数据集上融合方法的平均绝对偏差(MAE)和准确率 要优于SVD算法与NMF算法,推荐的性能有较明显的提升。     

三元共聚乳液制备可再湿性胶的研究

以醋酸乙烯酯为主单体 ,丙烯酸、马来酸二丁酯为改性单体 ,加入PVA、DBP等助剂制备可再湿性醋酸乙烯酯乳胶。主要讨论了单体配比、引发剂浓度、PVA用量、DBP用量等因素对产品性能的影响     

固定化假丝酵母99-125脂肪酶催化酯化脂肪酸低碳醇酯反应条件的研究

以硅藻土和纺织品为载体 ,采用吸附法制备固定化脂肪酶 ,研究了固定化假丝酵母 99 1 2 5脂肪酶在有机溶剂中催化脂肪酸低碳醇酯酯化合成过程中 ,有机溶剂性质、脂肪酸与低碳醇的结构、pH值、反应温度和体系含水量、低碳醇的抑制作用等因素对酯化过程的影响。试验结果表明 :底物低碳醇需要采用流加方式加入体系 ,石油醚是最适宜的有机溶剂 ,脂肪酸与醇的碳链越长 ,越易于酯化 ;固定化脂肪酶对直链醇的选择性优于支链醇。以石油醚为有机溶剂 ,在反应温度为 40℃、pH值为 7时 ,硬脂酸与甲醇的酯化率达 95 % ;反应后期应除去体系中的水以避免酶失活。固定化酶间歇催化油酸与甲醇的酯化时 ,重复使用 1 5次 (每次 2 4h) ,其操作半衰期约为 360h。     

Channel effect ofnC6 aromatization on Pt/KL catalysts

Designed Pt/KL catalysts were prepared and characterized by CO chemisorption and XRD. Pulse catalytic tests usingn-hexane as the probe were performed. The results showed that Pt particles located in the L-zeolite channels were fundamental for aromatization, and the spatial effect of the channels was essential for dehydrocyclization. Obstruction of the channels, while having no influence on the high Pt dispersion, affects the product distribution ofnC₆ in addition to a sharp reduction in reactivity.