Residual monomer content and its release into water from the denture base nanocomposite using organic montmorillonite as reinforcement

A novel kind of denture base nanocomposite was prepared by polymethyl methyacrylate（PMMA） and cethyltrimethylammonium bromide modified organic montmorillonite （OMMT）. The dispersion of montmorillonite in the polymer matrix was characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD） and transimission electron microscope （TEM）.The content of residual MMA in nanocomposites and the amount of MMA released to water from nanocomposites were determined by gas chromatography （GC）. The analysis of TEM and XRD showed that exfoliated-intercalated and intercalated nanocomposites were formed when the content of OMMT was 3% and 5% in the PMMA powder respectively. The results of GC showed that the residual MMA increased with the increase of OMMT content in the polymer matrix. After 7 days in water, the amount of MMA released into water from the nanocomposites tended to be stable. The results of one-way ANOVA and t-test showed that OMMT gave a significant increase of residual MMA concentration （p〈0.05） in nanocomposites.     

Spalling and mechanical properties of fiber reinforced high-performance concrete subjected to fire

Spalling and mechanical properties of FRHPC subjected to fire were tested on notched beams. The results confirm that the internal vapor pressure is the leading reason for spalling of high-performance concrete （HPC）. At the same time, the temperature-increasing velocity and constrained conditions of concrete element also play significant roles in spalling. Steel fibers cannot reduce the risk of spalling, although they have obvious beneficial effects on the mechanical properties of concrete before and after exposure to fire. Polypropylene （PP） fibers are very useful in preventing HPC from spalling, however, they have negative effects on the strengths. By using hybrid fibers （steel fibers＋PP fibers）, both good anti-spalling performance and improved mechanical properties come true, which may provide necessary safe guarantee for the rescue work and structure repair after fire disaster.     

Numerical investigation of three-dimensional fiber suspension flow by using finite volume method

Fiber suspension flow is common in many industrial processes like papermaking and fiber-reinforcing polymer-based material forming. The investigation of the mechanism of fiber suspension flow is of significant importance, since the orientation distribution of fibers directly influences the mechanical and physical properties of the final products. A numerical methodology based on the finite volume method is presented in the study to simulate three-dimensional fiber suspension flow within complex flow field. The evolution of fiber orientation is described using different formulations including FT model and RSC model. The pressure implicit with splitting of operators algorithm is adopted to avoid oscillations in the calculation. A laminate structure of fiber orientation including the shell layer, the transition layer and the core layer along radial direction within a center-gated disk flow channel is predicted through a three-dimensional simulation, which agrees well with Mazahir’s experimental results. The evolution of fiber orientation during the filling process within the complex flow field is further discussed. The mathematical model and numerical method proposed in the study can be successfully adopted to predict fiber suspension flow patterns and hence to reveal the fiber orientation mechanism.     

One Dictionary vs. Two Dictionaries in Sparse Coding Based Denoising

As a promising technique, sparse coding can be widely used for representation, compression, de-noising and separation of signals. This technique has been introduced into noisy speech processing, where enhancing speech itself or speech feature remains a challenge. Unlike other fields where noises are dense, the noises in speech are often sparse or partly sparse over the speech dictionary, re-sulting in performance degradation. It is necessary to un-derstand the noise conditions of speech environments and the applied range of sparse coding. This paper analyzes the assumptions of sparse coding and provides the bounds of reconstruction error for two sparse coding methods which are widely used. Based on this analysis, the performance of the two methods under different conditions are com-pared. The results show that the performance of sparse coding can be improved by a well-prepared noise dictio-nary. Experiments on speech enhancement and recognition are conducted, and the results coincide with the theoretical analysis well.     

陈慈黉故居的建筑石雕装饰艺术

陈慈黉故居是中国近代中西合璧型的大型华侨住宅,其建筑石雕继承潮汕建筑艺术的精髓,同时运用西洋的材料及装饰图纹,大胆创新,形成了自己独特的建筑石雕装饰符号。     

基于格兰杰归因分析的高损台区窃电检测

配电台区中,用户窃电将增大台区线损电量,窃电电量直接对应非技术线损,并与台区线损电量间存在因果关系。分析指出,常见窃电手法中窃电用户的窃电量多与电表计量电量呈正相关关系,这将使得线损电量与窃电用户的计量电量之间存在隐含的因果关系。以此为基础,提出基于格兰杰归因分析的高损台区窃电检测方法。通过协整检验及格兰杰检验分析用户用电量与台区线损时间序列间的长期趋势及格兰杰因果关系,将对台区线损影响突出的用户识别为窃电用户。基于实际高损台区和高损线路用户数据的测试算例和现场稽查验证了所提方法的有效性。     

纤维自密实高性能混凝土工作度的试验研究

工作度、强度、韧性及耐久性是自密实高性能混凝土(SCHPC)的主要性能指标,而工作度是保证混凝土具有高性能的重要前提。本文参照目前国际上的最新发展趋势,使用流变仪(rheometer)、流动槽(flow channel)、坍落流动板(slump flow panel)、J型环(J-Ring)和L槽(L-Box)等方法研究纤维自密实高性能混凝土(FR-SCHPC)的工作度。通过大量试验分析了不同掺量的钢纤维、PP纤维及组合纤维对新拌混凝土流动性、抗离析性、流经钢筋的间隙通过性能以及自流平能力的影响;为在实际工程中应用FRSCHPC提供了依据。     

架空-海缆混合高压输电线路自适应重合闸方案的研究

提出了利用比率制动差动原理判别架空-海缆混合高压输电线路的故障区段判别方法,以应用于自适应重合闸。在架空线路和海缆连接处增设电流互感器,并通过通信通道将二次电流传输至混合线路两端的保护。当混合线路发生故障,保护动作后,利用线路两端电流互感器和增设的电流互感器二次电流分别构成比率制动差动判据,进行故障区段判别。若故障发生在架空线段,开放重合闸;若故障发生在电缆段,则闭锁重合闸。PSCAD/EMTDC仿真结果表明,该故障区段识别方法能够准确可靠地判别故障区段,无死区、不受故障位置和过渡电阻的影响,可提高自动重合闸的重合成功率。     

架空-电缆混合输电线路故障定位方法综述

对国内外学者关于架空线-电力电缆混合线路故障定位的研究进行了梳理和综述。首先分析了混合线路故障定位存在的特殊问题,然后对架空-电缆混合输电线路故障定位方法的研究现状进行了总结。现有的混合线路故障定位方法有故障分析法、行波法、频率分析法以及智能法等。其中,故障分析法和行波法的准确性主要受混合线路参数不均一的影响,行波法因故障行波会在线缆连接点处发生复杂的折反射过程而导致反射波头难以识别。对于频率法,能否准确地确定故障暂态信号的固有频率值将直接影响其故障定位精度。智能法需对样本集进行离线训练,且需存储大量数据,应用起来较为困难。最后,对下一步需要开展的研究工作进行了展望。     

Gas Pickering Emulsion Templated Hollow Carbon for High Rate Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries

A CO₂ in water nanoparticle stabilized Pickering emulsion is used to template micrometer sized hollow porous nitrogen doped carbon particles for high rate performance lithium sulfur battery. For the first time, nanoparticles serve the dual role of an emulsion stabilizer and a pore template for the shell, directly utilizing in situ generated CO₂ bubbles as template for the core. The minimalistic nature of this method does not require expensive surfactants or additional core templates. Upon polymerization of melamine formaldehyde onto CO₂, a robust polymer/silica composite shell is formed and transformed into a porous shell upon washing. The micrometer‐sized hollow morphology in combination with its nitrogen rich porous shell demonstrates impressive rate capabilities of 670 and 500 mAh g^?1 even at a high rate of 7C and 9C, respectively. This material also possesses excellent cycle durability, exhibiting a low capacity decay of 0.088%/cycle over 300 cycles. Measurement of the shuttle current and impedance provides interesting insight into the polysulfide mass transfer mechanism of hollow structured sulfur hosts.