液芯压下工艺对CSP生产高强耐候钢力学性能的影响

珠钢在CSP流程上首次成功开发了钛微合金化高强耐候钢.通过对比采用液芯压下工艺(压下量5 mm、10mm)和非液芯压下工艺条件下铸坯和成品板的力学性能及组织,探讨了两种工艺的异同以及对铸坯和成品材的组织、性能的影响.认为采用液芯压下工艺可以很好地匹配连铸与连轧间的坯厚,铸坯各向性能更均匀,成品板材综合性能好于非液芯压下工艺.     

Investigation of Friction Force between Mould and Strand Shell under Sinusoidal and Non‐sinusoidal Oscillation in Continuous Slab Casting

Friction force is an important parameter to evaluate powder lubrication and reflect the interaction between mould and strand shell. A non‐sinusoidal oscillation pattern emerges under high speed continuous casting, the characteristic of which is that the time of upward motion is longer than that of the downward motion within one cycle. In the present research experiments were performed on a slab continuous caster with a strand size of 1000 mm ×120 mm. The friction forces of sinusoidal and non‐sinusoidal oscillation under the same parameters were calculated and comparatively analysed. The results show that the friction forces of both oscillation patterns approximately change along with velocity, and present a trend to a trapezoid wave, but there is a phase difference between the friction force and relative velocity. Compared with sinusoidal oscillation, the non‐sinusoidal oscillation pattern exhibits some important advantages as follows; the maximal and average compressive forces and the compressive force work acting on the strand shell are all higher, the maximal tension is lower, and the actual amount of negative strip is higher. These advantages effect better healing of surface cracks and strand demoulds, and reduce the generation and expansion of cracks, consequently improve the surface quality.     

土木工程专业成人高等教育培养模式研究

根据时代进步的要求和社会发展的需要,结合成人高等教育的规律和土木工程专业的特点,寓STS教育思想于成人高等教育之过程,通过教学计划的制定、教学内容的更新、教学方法的改进,构建了KAQ课程体系。同时强化各项管理工作,制定并实施一系列行之有效的管理制度,对整个教育过程的各个环节实行全程监控,效果良好。     

Indoline‐Based Molecular Engineering for Optimizing the Performance of Photoactive Thin Films

New indoline dyes ( RK‐1 – 4 ) were designed with a planar geometry and high molar extinction coefficient, which provided surprising power conversion efficiency (PCE) with a thin titanium dioxide film in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs). They had a difference in only alkyl chain length. Despite the same molecular structure, the performance of the respective DSCs varied significantly. Investigating the dye adsorption processes and charge transfer kinetics, the alkyl chain length was determined to affect the dye surface coverage as well as the recombination between the injected photoelectrons and the oxidized redox mediators. When applied to the DSCs as a light harvester, RK‐3 with the dodecyl group exhibited the best photocurrent density, consequently achieving the best PCE of 9.1% with a 1.8 μm active and 2.5 μm scattering layer because of the most favorable charge injection. However, when increasing the active layer thickness, overall device performance deteriorated and the charge collection and regeneration played major roles for determining the PCE. Therefore, RK‐2 featuring the highest surface coverage and moderate alkyl chain length obtained the highest PCEs of 8.8% and 7.9% with 3.5 and 5.1 μm active layers, respectively. These results present a promising perspective of organic dye design for thin film DSCs.     

瞬时频率引导的小波变换轮廓术相位解包裹技术

提出了一种新的用于小波变换轮廓术进行相位解 包裹的质量图建立方法。对受物体形貌调制的变形 条纹图,利用小波变换相位解调技术获得变形条纹的包裹相位与瞬时频率;将瞬时频率与条 纹载频的绝对 差值和相邻像素点之间瞬时频率的变化程度两方面建立质量图,质量图值的大小可表示位 相质量的好坏, 质量图的值越小,相位质量越可靠;再设定阈值,将质量图分为质量好坏两部分,不同 部分分别采用 扫描线算法和洪流相位解包裹法进行位相解包裹。本文方法在提高解包裹处理速度的同时, 还可以更为精确 地检测出噪声、阴影或条纹突变等区域,使相位解包裹精度和效率得到了保证。通过理论分 析、仿真分析、 实物静态和动态实验表明,与现有的质量图引导的洪流相位解包裹法 相比,本文方法解包裹速 度更快,适用于动态测量中大量变形条纹图的相位精确快速解包裹。     

Mechanically Drawable Thermochromic and Mechanothermochromic Polydiacetylene Sensors

Recently, the development of directly writable techniques for depositing functional materials on solid substrates has received great attention. These pen‐on‐paper approaches enable generation of diverse patterned images on solid substrates in a flexible, easy handling, and inexpensive manner. Herein, the development of a directly writable conjugated polymer is described. Mechanically, drawable colorimetric polydiacetylene (PDA)–wax composites are readily fabricated by using a simple mixing‐molding method. Images are mechanically drawn on a paper substrate using the PDA–wax composites, display thermochromism, and mechanothermochromism. The thermochromic transition temperature is dependent on the melting point of the wax and, as a result, can be precisely controlled by the type of wax used. Optical microscopic analysis shows that formation of the DA–wax composite involves movement of wax molecules into a single diacetylene (DA) crystal. This process results in growth of the crystal. Importantly, the PDA crystal, obtained after UV light irradiation, undergoes significant shrinkage upon heating because of the release of monomers and the embedded wax molecules from the crystal. The release of these molecules creates void in the PDA supramolecules, allowing the PDA chains to undergo C–C bond rotation and hence the blue‐to‐red color transition.     

大型光电设备的电磁兼容设计

根据大型光电设备的特点,阐述它的组成和电磁兼容设计的流程,并详细介绍其结构和电气的电磁兼容设计方法.在电气的电磁兼容设计中,分别介绍了电源、单机印制板、布线和接地的电磁兼容设计.该项设计已经经过了实际测试验证,效果良好.     

工质对微石英管内部流动特征的影响

为采用“两管法”以消除进出口压力降及入口效应对流动的影响,分别以蒸馏水、CCl_4及N_2为工质,测量其流过内径d分别为19．60、44．63、91．65及140．86μm微石英管的流量与进出口压降,得到微管内部充分发展流的摩擦阻力系数f与Re的关系．实验结果表明,除d=19．60μm的管外,其他管在Re较小时,微管内部的f值与Hagen-Poiseuille解几乎一致;当Re升高到1300时,f已开始偏离Hagen-Piseuille解．对于d=19．60μm的管,在Re＜500,工质为蒸馏水时,f比Hagen-Poiseuille解高10%～15%;工质为CCl_4时,f仍然约等于Hagen- Poiseulle解;工质为N_2时,f比Hagen-Poiseulle解低8%～10%．     

Predicting Separation of Lower Hydrocarbon from Natural Gas by a Nano‐Porous Membrane using Capillary Condensation

In the present work, the potential of a nano‐porous membrane for predicting the separation of lower hydrocarbons from natural gas by capillary condensation was explored. While a gas permeates through a capillary at a suitable pressure, the adsorbed layer may attain a thickness enough to fill the entire membrane pore. Poiseuille flow of the condensed phase follows. Our computed results have established that for a passage through a nano‐porous membrane, gas having lower condensation pressure condenses in the pores at a pressure which is about an order of magnitude lower than its vapor pressure at the concerned temperature. In the case of propane/methane and butane/methane binary mixtures, propane and butane are preferentially condensed and permeation rates up to 700 g mol/m² s bar for propane and 600 g mol/m² s bar for butane have been achieved at a temperature lower than the critical temperature of the permeating species and higher than the critical temperature of the non‐permeating species. Since methane has a much lower critical temperature than both propane and butane, it gets physically dissolved in the condensed phase of propane, butane in the case of propane/methane and butane/methane binary mixtures, respectively. An equation of state (EOS) approach has been adopted to calculate the fugacity of methane in the gas, as well as in the condensed phase, in order to estimate its solubility. The Peng‐Robinson equation of state was used. Computation of the separation factor for methane/propane and methane/butane was performed over a wide range of temperature, pressure, and gas composition. The separation factor which is expectedly a function of these variables ranged from 0.3–75 for methane/propane and 0.7–140 for methane/butane binary mixtures. It has been established that an acceptable degree of separation is achievable at moderate pressure and at low temperature for the removal of propane and butane from natural gas. The results have the potential to be used for further refinement and optimization of the process conditions so that this strategy can be exploited for large‐scale removal of lower hydrocarbon from natural gas at a low cost.