Preparation and properties of epoxy‐modified tung oil waterborne insulation varnish

This work aimed to develop a novel epoxy‐modified tung oil waterborne insulation varnish with blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate as a curing agent. The Diels–Alder reaction between tung oil and maleic anhydride, and the ring‐opening esterification reaction of epoxy resin were confirmed. The conversion rate of epoxy was explored as a function of reaction time and temperature. The effects of epoxy resin content on the thermal stability, water absorption and insulation properties (insulation strength, volume resistivity, and surface resistivity) of films were investigated, and the resistances of films to salted water were evaluated. The increase in epoxy resin contents could improve the thermal stability and insulation properties of films, and decreased the water adsorption of films, but when the epoxy resin content reached 30% and above, the water solubility of resin became poor. After being immersed in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution, the electrical insulation strength of films were lower than that in dry state, and decreased as the immersed time prolonged. In particular, the electrical insulation strength loss of films increased significantly for epoxy resin content at 15% and below. Furthermore, the increase of epoxy resin content could improve the hardness and adhesion of films, but the flexibility of films became worse. On the basis of experimental, the epoxy resin content at 25% was appropriate to prepare waterborne epoxy‐modified tung oil resin. The resulting varnish may have potential as an immersing insulation varnish for the spindle of electric motor. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42755.     

永磁扰动检测有限元分析及优化设计

永磁扰动检测是一种新型无损检测技术,通过永磁扰动传感器在铁磁构件表面扫查并拾取受缺陷影响下静磁场变化情况来判别缺陷尺寸大小。本文深入分析了永磁体与缺陷的扰动机制,并针对传感器设计理论不足、永磁扰动检测信号微弱等问题,提出了采用环绕式体线圈探测永磁体内产生的磁扰动及采用螺旋线圈探测永磁体与缺陷间的外磁扰动,并在此基础上探究感应线圈及永磁体的几何参数对永磁扰动检测效率的影响。通过有限元模型多参数化扫描及正交试验设计方法对永磁扰动传感器进行了优化设计,该方法能够有效地提高永磁扰动内、外感应电压的幅值。     

电容法微力测量中轴偏对电容梯度的影响

电容法微小力值测量中电容传感器会存在轴偏现象,影响测量精度。基于理论模型,分析计算了电容传感器在轴偏情况下的电容梯度。设计了合理的测量方案,通过高精度图像传感器及机器视觉算法,实现了轴偏及电容梯度测量,对轴偏与电容梯度之间理论数值关系进行了实验验证。实验证明了理论推导的正确性及测量方案的可性行,为后续的微力精密测量提供了误差补偿依据。在当前的电容传感器条件下,轴偏不大于50μm时,可满足误差1%以内的系统整体测量目标。     

Synthesis and characterization of new vinyl acetate grafting onto epoxidized linseed oil in aqueous media

Modified poly (vinyl acetate) copolymers with epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) as co‐monomer have been prepared. The polymerization was performed in aqueous medium without any additional protective colloid in the presence of sodium persulfate as catalyst. The effect of vinyl acetate (VAc)/ELO feed ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst amount has been studied. FTIR spectroscopy showed that the reaction between ELO and VAc resulted in slight decrease and shift in ELO characteristic bands of oxirane groups; and new bands were detected in the copolymer spectra attributed to PVAc and ELO functional groups. Moreover, new signals attributable to the copolymer were observed in the ¹H NMR spectra (δ 4.07 and 1.62 ppm) and in the ¹³C NMR spectra (δ 15.29 and 31.0 ppm). Analysis by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed a single T_g for the copolymerization product of VAc and ELO and two T_g for the PVAc/ELO blend, indicating the chemical reaction between VAc and ELO. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42089.     

R290分体式空调器中制冷剂分布与安全性

采用实验研究的方法,针对R290分体式空调器的结构特点,将分体式空调器分成6个单独的部件,分别对不同充灌量条件下的1P和1.5P R290分体式空调器各个部件的制冷剂分布规律进行研究。实验结果表明开机状态下虽然制冷剂在冷凝器中的分布最多,但整个低压侧的制冷剂量占整个系统充灌量的50%—60%,但在关机后1.5小时,低压侧的制冷剂量占整个系统充灌量的85%—92%。     

吸收式制冷工质对的研究进展

吸收式制冷的发展在当今节能与环保两大主题之下得到了人们高度重视,其中吸收式制冷工质对的发展作为吸收式制冷的核心技术尤其重要。文中列举了部分在吸收式制冷方向的热门课题,指出理论研究与实际应用问题的差距;根据制冷剂的不同将吸收式制冷工质对分为氨系、水系、醇系、氟系以及其它共五类,回顾这五类工质对的发展历程与现状,针对这五类中传统工质对的缺陷,探讨相应的优化措施和研究新型工质对,并且与传统工质对进行性能比较。重点介绍了NH3-Na SCN和NH3-LiNO3两对工质对的研究现状,比较两者在不同工况下的优缺点;介绍了以各类盐组合的方式替代Li Br来改善Li Br-H2O强烈腐蚀特性。在研究现状基础上指出了改进现有工质对性能和发掘新型工质对的研究方向。