Calculation of the process of cold extrusion of tubes from metal powders. I. Direct extrusion

Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 3(315), pp. 6–10, March, 1989.     

Transistorized counter circuits

Analysis of counter circuits, which are typical examples of nonlinear pulse devices, employing transistors, which have many advantages over electron tubes (small size and weight, economy, longer service life, etc.). Computations in which temperature variations are taken into account are given for dc counter cells employing junction transistors. Results of experimental investigations of the operating speed are given for the circuits already described, as well as for two new compensated circuits. The distinguishing features of counting circuits with point-contact transistors are considered. The auxiliary units of the counting devices, such as the forming stage, the output power amplifier, and the high voltage supply can also be successfully transistorized. Actual versions of these units are described.The authors acknowledge their indebtedness to Engincers A. S. Savina and L. A. Serkin for help in this work and for supplying certain materials.