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991.
综述:水系锌离子电池的多功能性
朱胜1,倪江锋2
(1. 山西大学 分子科学研究所,太原 030006;
2. 苏州大学 物理科学与技术学院,苏州 215006)
中文说明:
水系锌离子电池因具有高能量、环境友好和高安全性等优点,成为一类颇具吸引力的电源供给设备。近年来,人们对水系锌离子电池的多功能性方面表现出极大的热情,旨在扩展其在多维度和多尺度上的潜在应用。这篇综述总结了水系锌离子电池在设计、构造和性能评估方面的最新进展,重点在于各种功能的介绍,例如柔性、自愈合性、自充电性和小型化,此外还强调了为实现这些功能在电极材料及器件构造方面的设计。最后,本文对该领域中所存在的挑战和机遇提供了一般性的见解。
关键词:锌离子电池;多功能性;柔性;自愈合;自充电;集成
相似文献992.
Xiaoyuan Zhou Yanci Yan Xu Lu Hangtian Zhu Xiaodong Han Gang Chen Zhifeng Ren 《Materials Today》2018,21(9):974-988
Thermoelectric materials can be used in direct conversion of heat to electricity and vice versa. The past decade has witnessed the rapid growth of thermoelectric research, targeting high thermoelectric performance either via reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity or via enhancement of the power factor. In this review, we firstly summarize the recent advances in bulk thermoelectric materials with reduced lattice thermal conductivity by nano-microstructure control and also newly discovered materials with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity. We then discuss ways to enhance the electron transport abilities for achieving higher power factor by both novel and traditional methods. Finally, we highlight the recent development in single-crystal thermoelectric materials. These strategies are successful in synergistically manipulating the thermal conductivity and electron transport properties, which have significantly advanced thermoelectric performance on materials. For device applications on these high-performance materials, new opportunities may arise though stability, electrode contacts, mechanical properties, and other problems need to be solved in the near future. 相似文献
993.
Crystallization‐Induced Emission Enhancement of a Deep‐Blue Luminescence Material with Tunable Mechano‐ and Thermochromism 下载免费PDF全文
Zhen Wu Shenzhong Mo Lina Tan Bing Fang Zhiqiang Su Yantu Zhang Meizhen Yin 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2018,14(40)
Organic luminescent materials with the ability to reversibly switch the luminescence when subjected to external stimuli have attracted considerable interest in recent years. However, the examples of luminescent materials that exhibit multiresponsive properties are rarely reported. In this work, a new stimuli‐responsive dye P1 is designed and synthesized with two identical chromophores of naphthalimide, one at each side of an amidoamine‐based spacer. This amide‐rich molecule offers many possibilities for forming intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions. Particularly, P1 has an intrinsic property of cocrystallizing with methanol. Compared with the pristine P1 sample, the as‐prepared two‐component cocrystalline material displays an exceptive deep‐blue emission, which is extremely rare among naphthalimide‐based molecules in the solid state. Furthermore, the target material exhibits an obvious mechanochromic fluorescent behavior and a large spectral shift under force stimuli. On the other hand, the cocrystalline material shows an unusual “turn off” thermochromic luminescence accompanied by solvent evaporation. Moreover, using external stimuli to reversibly manipulate fluorescent quantum yields is rarely reported to date. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a new design strategy for solid‐state luminescence switching materials: the incorporation of solvents into organic compounds by cocrystallization to obtain a crystalline state luminescence system. 相似文献
994.
Retracted: Dual Effects of Nanostructuring and Oxygen Vacancy on Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Activity of Superstructured and Defective Hematite Nanorods 下载免费PDF全文
Lei Wang Kyle Marcus Xiaojuan Huang Zhiqiang Shen Yang Yang Yingpu Bi 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2018,14(14)
An Ar atmospheric treatment is rationally used to etch and activate hematite nanoflakes (NFs) as photoanodes toward enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation. The formation of a highly ordered hematite nanorods (NRs) array containing a high density of oxygen vacancy is successfully prepared through in situ reduction of NFs in Ar atmosphere. Furthermore, a hematite (104) plane and an iron suboxide layer at the absorber/back‐contact interface are formed. The material defects produced by a thermal oxidation method can be critical for the morphology transformation from 2D NFs to 1D NRs. The resulting hematite NR photoanodes show high efficiency toward solar water splitting with improved light harvesting capabilities, leading to an enhanced photoresponse due to the artificially formed oxygen vacancies. 相似文献
995.
Nanoconfined Nickel@Carbon Core–Shell Cocatalyst Promoting Highly Efficient Visible‐Light Photocatalytic H2 Production 下载免费PDF全文
Ke Zhang Jingrun Ran Bicheng Zhu Huanxin Ju Jiaguo Yu Li Song Shi‐Zhang Qiao 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2018,14(38)
The realization of large‐scale solar hydrogen (H2) production relies on the development of high‐performance and low‐cost photocatalysts driven by sunlight. Recently, cocatalysts have demonstrated immense potential in enhancing the activity and stability of photocatalysts. Hence, the rational design of highly active and inexpensive cocatalysts is of great significance. Here, a facile method is reported to synthesize Ni@C core–shell nanoparticles as a highly active cocatalyst. After merging Ni@C cocatalyst with CdS nanorod (NR), a tremendously enhanced visible‐light photocatalytic H2‐production performance of 76.1 mmol g?1 h?1 is achieved, accompanied with an outstanding quantum efficiency of 31.2% at 420 nm. The state‐of‐art characterizations (e.g., synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption near edge structure) and theoretical calculations strongly support the presence of pronounced nanoconfinement effect in Ni@C core–shell nanoparticles, which leads to controlled Ni core size, intimate interfacial contact and rapid charge transfer, optimized electronic structure, and protection against chemical corrosion. Hence, the combination of nanoconfined Ni@C with CdS nanorod leads to significantly improved photocatalytic activity and stability. This work not only for the first time demonstrates the great potential of using highly active and inexpensive Ni@C core–shell structure to replace expensive Pt in photocatalysis but also opens new avenues for synthesizing cocatalyst/photocatalyst hybridized systems with excellent performance by introducing nanoconfinement effect. 相似文献
996.
为使涤纶织物应用范围更广,更耐磨,本文制备了一种有机硅树脂基纳米硼化钛碳化钛复合涂层,通过正交实验法得到最佳的涂层方案,并尝试将其应用于涤纶织物,以改善涤纶织物的表面结构,进而实现涤纶织物表面优异的耐磨性能.为测试涂层对涤纶织物性能的影响, 采用泰伯式耐磨仪、液滴形状分析仪、电子织物强力机、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了涂层织物的耐磨性能、疏水性能、物理机械性能和磨损织物的表面微观形态.研究表明:当有机硅树脂与无水乙醇质量比为75: 25,含量(质量分数)为93%;超分散剂含量为1.5%;乙醇增稠剂含量为1.5%;纳米硼化钛和碳化钛质量比为2: 1,含量为4%时,所得涂层溶液应用于涤纶织物后会形成一层包覆层,耐磨性能最优.对于涂覆量为15 g/m2的涤纶,拉伸断裂强力由573.92 N提高到620.48 N,顶破强力由652.34 N提高到790.07 N,撕裂强力由9.87 N降低到5.78 N,疏水性能有较大提高,接触角可达到120°以上. 相似文献
997.
In this study, the crack propagation behaviors in the equiaxed and equiaxed-columnar grain regions of a heat-treated laser additive manufacturing (LAM) TC11 alloy with a special bi-modal microstructure are investigated. The results indicate that the alloy presents a special bi-modal microstructure that comprises a fork-like primary α (αp) phase surrounded by a secondary α colony (αs) in the β phase matrix after the heat treatment is completed. The samples demonstrate a fast crack growth rate with larger da/dN values through the equiaxed grain sample versus across the equiaxed-columnar grain sample at low ΔK values (<13.8). The differences that are observed between the crack propagation behaviors (in the crack initiation stage) of the samples can be mostly attributed to the different size and morphology of the αp lamellae and αs colony within the grains in the equiaxed and columnar grain regions rather than the grain boundaries. The cracks prefer to grow along the α/β boundary with a smooth propagation route and a fast propagation rate in the equiaxed grain region, where the αp and α clusters have a large size. However, in the columnar grain region, small and randomly distributed αp lamellae generate a zigzag-shaped propagation path with a reduction in the da/dN value. Additionally, the change in the size of the αp lamellae in the equiaxed grains (heat affected bands, HAB) is also observed to influence the propagation behavior of the crack during the crack initiation stage. 相似文献
998.
Wenyuan Li Zhiyong Chen Jianrong Liu Shaoxiang Zhu Guoxin Sui Qingjiang Wang 《材料科学技术学报》2019,35(5):790-798
Rolling texture and its effect on tensile properties of Ti60 alloy plates were investigated in the present study. The plates wereβ-rolled at 1070℃ and(α+β)-rolled at 980℃, using uni-directionally rolling(UDR) and cross-directionally rolling(CDR) processes, respectively.β-rolled plates exhibited weak textures, which were attributed to the dispersive orientations of secondary α during the β→α phase transformation. Strong deformation textures formed in(α+β)-rolled plates as a result of slipping mechanisms: the strong T-type texture in UDR plate was related to {10 1 0}[11 2 0] slipping, while the B-type texture in CDR plate was relevant with {0001}[11 2 0] slip. Strong T-type textures led to anisotropic tensile properties. B-type textures would decrease such an anisotropy. The(α+β)-CDR process was found to be a candidate process for reducing anisotropy of Ti60 alloy plates. 相似文献
999.
Xuan Peng Linxiu Cheng Xiaoyang Zhu Yanfang Geng Fengying Zhao Kandong Hu Xuan Guo Ke Deng Qingdao Zeng 《Nano Research》2018,11(11):5823-5834
The two-dimensional self-assembly behaviors of tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecules are significant for further applications, but reports are rare. The self-assembled structures of two C2-symmetry TPE derivatives (H4TCPE and H4ETTC) possessing propeller structures and their stimulus responses to the addition of vinylpyridine derivatives were thoroughly studied with the assistance of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) technique in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Although their chemical structures were similar, the H4TCPE and H4ETTC molecules self-assembled into closely packed lamellar and quadrilateral structures, respectively, at the 1-heptanoic acid/HOPG interface. After the addition of pyridine derivatives (DPE, PEBP-C4, and PEBP-C8), H4TCPE and H4ETTC showed different responsiveness resulting in different co-assembly structures. The results indicated that the structures of pyridine derivatives—including backbones and substituents—affected the intermolecular interactions of both H4TCPE/pyridine and H4ETTC/pyridine systems. The modification of the self-assembly behaviors of propeller-shaped H4TCPE and H4ETTC would contribute to the construction of more complex multilevel nanostructures. 相似文献
1000.
Zan Wu Zhang Qiaochu Xu Hu Liao Fuyou Guo Zhongxun Deng Jianan Wan Jing Zhu Hao Chen Lin Sun Qingqing Ding Shijin Zhou Peng Bao Wenzhong Zhang David Wei 《Nano Research》2018,11(7):3739-3745
Nano Research - A spin-coating method was applied to obtain thinner and smoother PEO/LiClO4 polymer electrolyte films (EFs) with a lower level of crystallization than those obtained using a... 相似文献